2023考研英語閱讀工作權(quán)利法案
INDIANA, like many manufacturing states in theMidwest, has long felt the pain of seeing jobs gooverseas. In his seven years as Republicangovernor, Mitch Daniels s response has been tooffer a strong diet of pro-business legislation. Inthe past few years Indiana has cut its corporatetax rate by nearly 25%, established one of thehighest R D tax credits in the country andstarted work on a $10 billion infrastructure-improvement plan.
和許多中西部制造業(yè)州一樣，印第安納長期的痛處在于，眼睜睜得看著工作流向海外。七年州長，共和黨人米奇丹尼爾斯的回應(yīng)姿態(tài)是大力貫徹對企業(yè)有利的立法。該州在過去的歲月里對公司減稅接近25%，建立了企業(yè)R D稅收抵免站點(diǎn)，這樣的站點(diǎn)在美國還有很多;還開啟了計(jì)劃100億美元的基礎(chǔ)實(shí)施整修工作。
Until recently, though, Mr Daniels had resisted calls to make Indiana what is known as aright-to-work state. RTW legislation allows employees to decide whether tofinancially support a union. Without such laws unions can insist that all workers pay dues tohelp fund the cost of negotiating a contract with an employer, whether or not they wish toformally join the union. Now, however, Mr Daniels says he believes the state needs to sign upas well. The new legislation was passed by the state Senate on February 1st and was signedby Mr Daniels that very day, making Indiana the 23rd RTW state in Americaand the firstsuch state in the nations old manufacturing belt.
然而就是在最近，丹尼爾斯還在拒絕讓印州成為RTW州。RTW立法規(guī)定員工有權(quán)決定是否出錢支持工會(huì)。如果沒有RTW這樣的法律，工會(huì)就可以堅(jiān)持讓所有的員工都應(yīng)繳納會(huì)費(fèi)，幫助為和雇主就工作合同談判所需的費(fèi)用籌錢，不管這些員工是否愿意正式加入工會(huì)。但現(xiàn)在，丹尼爾斯說，他認(rèn)為印州也需要簽署RTW法案。新法2月1號在州參議院獲得通過，當(dāng)天有丹尼爾斯簽署，這樣一來，印州，成為了美國通過RTW法案的第23個(gè)州。這也是美國傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)帶第一個(gè)通過此法的州。
Proponents argue that it is wrong to force anyone to contribute money to a union. Unionscounter they face a free rider problem whereby non-affiliated workers receive the benefitsof union negotiations without contributing financially. The governor, meanwhile, says thenew laws will simply make the state more attractive to business.
保障工作權(quán)利的倡導(dǎo)者認(rèn)為強(qiáng)制他人給工會(huì)捐錢的做法是不可取的。工會(huì)反駁道，他們面臨著無本獲利的難題，在這樣的背景下，非直屬工會(huì)的員工，就可以從工會(huì)談判獲取利益，而不掏一分錢。同時(shí)州長丹尼爾斯說新法只會(huì)讓印州吸引更多的企業(yè)。
Evidence from the Indiana Economic Development Corporation suggests that manyemployers do indeed want these laws. This group says that somewhere between a quarter toa half of companies in the state planning to relocate insist upon going to RTW states.
來自印第安納經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展公司的證據(jù)表明很多雇主確實(shí)需要這樣的法律。該公司說，在印州1/4到1/2計(jì)劃搬遷的公司中，某公司堅(jiān)持要將其公司所在地搬到通過了RTW的州中。
Few companies, though, are willing to go on the record to say exactly why they prefer tolocate in RTW states though the reason is pretty obviousin a nutshell, they make forweaker unions. It is a sensitive subject and companies fear picketing and other similarreprisals. However, Remy International, an electrical-engineering company based inPendleton, Indiana, has stated that it plans to build another factory in America some timenext year: but that in the absence of RTW legislation it will not build it in Indiana.
然而至于準(zhǔn)確說出為什么他們更愿意搬遷到通過了RTW的州，雖然理由顯而易見---簡言之，他們這樣做，是為了弱化工會(huì)---沒有公司愿意始作俑者。這是一個(gè)敏感話題，公司也不敢越雷池，害怕遭到類似的報(bào)復(fù)。然而，位于該州彭德爾頓的電工程公司雷米國際已經(jīng)聲明，該公司計(jì)劃在明年某個(gè)時(shí)間國內(nèi)在建一座工廠：但為了逃避RTW法案，該公司不會(huì)將新廠建在印州。
In an interview with Stateline, a news service that looks at trends in state policy, a vice-president of Remy, Jay Pittas, argued that RTW legislation makes it easier to negotiateflexible work rules, and means that unions are more likely to agree to a merit-based systemof employment rather than a one based on seniority. The company, however, now declines tocomment further on the subject.
在一次由觀察州政策動(dòng)態(tài)的資訊服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)Stateline進(jìn)行的采訪中，雷米副總裁jay Pittas說，RTW法案讓員工更加容易的把靈活的工作制度 擺到談判桌上來，RTW立法的存在就意味著工會(huì)更有可能會(huì)認(rèn)同以績效工資為基準(zhǔn)的體系，而不會(huì)去認(rèn)同員工資歷體系。公司現(xiàn)在并不愿意對這個(gè)話題多說上些什么。
INDIANA, like many manufacturing states in theMidwest, has long felt the pain of seeing jobs gooverseas. In his seven years as Republicangovernor, Mitch Daniels s response has been tooffer a strong diet of pro-business legislation. Inthe past few years Indiana has cut its corporatetax rate by nearly 25%, established one of thehighest R D tax credits in the country andstarted work on a $10 billion infrastructure-improvement plan.
和許多中西部制造業(yè)州一樣，印第安納長期的痛處在于，眼睜睜得看著工作流向海外。七年州長，共和黨人米奇丹尼爾斯的回應(yīng)姿態(tài)是大力貫徹對企業(yè)有利的立法。該州在過去的歲月里對公司減稅接近25%，建立了企業(yè)R D稅收抵免站點(diǎn)，這樣的站點(diǎn)在美國還有很多;還開啟了計(jì)劃100億美元的基礎(chǔ)實(shí)施整修工作。
Until recently, though, Mr Daniels had resisted calls to make Indiana what is known as aright-to-work state. RTW legislation allows employees to decide whether tofinancially support a union. Without such laws unions can insist that all workers pay dues tohelp fund the cost of negotiating a contract with an employer, whether or not they wish toformally join the union. Now, however, Mr Daniels says he believes the state needs to sign upas well. The new legislation was passed by the state Senate on February 1st and was signedby Mr Daniels that very day, making Indiana the 23rd RTW state in Americaand the firstsuch state in the nations old manufacturing belt.
然而就是在最近，丹尼爾斯還在拒絕讓印州成為RTW州。RTW立法規(guī)定員工有權(quán)決定是否出錢支持工會(huì)。如果沒有RTW這樣的法律，工會(huì)就可以堅(jiān)持讓所有的員工都應(yīng)繳納會(huì)費(fèi)，幫助為和雇主就工作合同談判所需的費(fèi)用籌錢，不管這些員工是否愿意正式加入工會(huì)。但現(xiàn)在，丹尼爾斯說，他認(rèn)為印州也需要簽署RTW法案。新法2月1號在州參議院獲得通過，當(dāng)天有丹尼爾斯簽署，這樣一來，印州，成為了美國通過RTW法案的第23個(gè)州。這也是美國傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)帶第一個(gè)通過此法的州。
Proponents argue that it is wrong to force anyone to contribute money to a union. Unionscounter they face a free rider problem whereby non-affiliated workers receive the benefitsof union negotiations without contributing financially. The governor, meanwhile, says thenew laws will simply make the state more attractive to business.
保障工作權(quán)利的倡導(dǎo)者認(rèn)為強(qiáng)制他人給工會(huì)捐錢的做法是不可取的。工會(huì)反駁道，他們面臨著無本獲利的難題，在這樣的背景下，非直屬工會(huì)的員工，就可以從工會(huì)談判獲取利益，而不掏一分錢。同時(shí)州長丹尼爾斯說新法只會(huì)讓印州吸引更多的企業(yè)。
Evidence from the Indiana Economic Development Corporation suggests that manyemployers do indeed want these laws. This group says that somewhere between a quarter toa half of companies in the state planning to relocate insist upon going to RTW states.
來自印第安納經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展公司的證據(jù)表明很多雇主確實(shí)需要這樣的法律。該公司說，在印州1/4到1/2計(jì)劃搬遷的公司中，某公司堅(jiān)持要將其公司所在地搬到通過了RTW的州中。
Few companies, though, are willing to go on the record to say exactly why they prefer tolocate in RTW states though the reason is pretty obviousin a nutshell, they make forweaker unions. It is a sensitive subject and companies fear picketing and other similarreprisals. However, Remy International, an electrical-engineering company based inPendleton, Indiana, has stated that it plans to build another factory in America some timenext year: but that in the absence of RTW legislation it will not build it in Indiana.
然而至于準(zhǔn)確說出為什么他們更愿意搬遷到通過了RTW的州，雖然理由顯而易見---簡言之，他們這樣做，是為了弱化工會(huì)---沒有公司愿意始作俑者。這是一個(gè)敏感話題，公司也不敢越雷池，害怕遭到類似的報(bào)復(fù)。然而，位于該州彭德爾頓的電工程公司雷米國際已經(jīng)聲明，該公司計(jì)劃在明年某個(gè)時(shí)間國內(nèi)在建一座工廠：但為了逃避RTW法案，該公司不會(huì)將新廠建在印州。
In an interview with Stateline, a news service that looks at trends in state policy, a vice-president of Remy, Jay Pittas, argued that RTW legislation makes it easier to negotiateflexible work rules, and means that unions are more likely to agree to a merit-based systemof employment rather than a one based on seniority. The company, however, now declines tocomment further on the subject.
在一次由觀察州政策動(dòng)態(tài)的資訊服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)Stateline進(jìn)行的采訪中，雷米副總裁jay Pittas說，RTW法案讓員工更加容易的把靈活的工作制度 擺到談判桌上來，RTW立法的存在就意味著工會(huì)更有可能會(huì)認(rèn)同以績效工資為基準(zhǔn)的體系，而不會(huì)去認(rèn)同員工資歷體系。公司現(xiàn)在并不愿意對這個(gè)話題多說上些什么。
