大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案詳解

　　Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done, but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly. In building bridges, American engineers calculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends come together within one-tenth of an inch. But when two Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountain both come out on the other side. --The Chineses firm belief is that it doesnt matter so long as a tunnel is dug through, and if we have two instead of one, why, we have a double track to boot.

　　The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent idling. But, worse than that, it imposes upon us a different conception of time as measured by the clock and eventually turns the human being into a clock himself. Nevertheless, such efficiency is what makes life so hard and full of excitement. A man who has to be punctually at a certain place at five oclock has the whole afternoon from one to five ruined for him already. Every American adult is arranging his time on the pattern of the schoolboy - three oclock for this, five oclock for that, six-thirty for change of dress, six-fifty for entering the taxi, and seven oclock for arriving at the destination. It just makes life not worth living.

　　1. The writer objects to efficiency mainly on the grounds that it ____.

　　A) entitles us to too much leisure time

　　B) urges us to get things done punctually

　　C) deprives us of leisure time

　　D) imposes on us a perfect concept of time

　　2. In the eyes of the author, the introduction of industrial life gives rise to ____.

　　A) the excitement of life

　　B) magnificent idling of time

　　C) more emphasis on efficiency

　　D) terrifying schoolboy

　　3. The passage tells us ____.

　　A) Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient

　　B) all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will

　　C) Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management

　　D) Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency

　　4. The author believes that relaxing the rule of punctuality in factories would lead to ____.

　　A) great confusion

　　B) increased production

　　C) a hard and exciting life

　　D) successful completion of a tunnel

　　5. What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that ____.

　　A) every American is arranging his time in the pattern of a schoolboy

　　B) every American is reluctant to be efficient

　　C) every one should have some time to spend as he pleases

　　D) being punctual is an undesirable habit which should not be formed

　　答案：

　　1.C)deprives us of leisure time對(duì)應(yīng)原文第一句but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves. 選項(xiàng)A是與作者想法完全相反的; 選項(xiàng)B雖有章可循, 但要注意原文是it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly, 而非it直接urges us to get things done punctually; 選項(xiàng)D要看清, 原文是a different conception of time而非a perfect concept of time.

　　2.C)more emphasis on efficiency對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段第一句The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent idling. 通過(guò)第一段可以看出, 與efficiency對(duì)立的是this kind of glorious and magnificent idling, 而industrial life又forbids, 自然說(shuō)明industrial life gives rise to more emphasis on efficiency.

　　3.D)Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency. 排除法: A)Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient不符合原文中的內(nèi)容; B)all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will語(yǔ)氣太重, 不是被強(qiáng)迫講求效率, 也不是違背自己意愿, 只是為了適應(yīng)工業(yè)社會(huì); C)Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management不屬于本文討論范疇。。。

　　4.A)great confusion對(duì)應(yīng)原文

　　5.C)every on should have some time to spend as he pleases, 這是4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一一個(gè)符合is implied but NOT stated兩個(gè)條件的. A選項(xiàng)有被直接提及, B選項(xiàng)reluctant是不愿的意思, 而本文并非討論愿不愿的問題, D選項(xiàng)being punctual is an undesirable habit which should not be formed, 黑體部分分別為守時(shí)和不良習(xí)慣的意思, 顯然不是作者本意.

　　總結(jié)一下, 今天這期比昨天講小貓小狗的閱讀要難一些- -, 是一篇既要求詞匯量, 同時(shí)又要求答題技巧的典型的閱讀理解. 所謂答題技巧, 就是首先要讀懂文章的大概意思, 然后注意一些關(guān)鍵句子.

　　關(guān)鍵句子很有可能出現(xiàn)在段落的連接部分, 比如開頭和結(jié)尾. 一般情況下, 閱讀理解的前面幾道題是可以從原文的關(guān)鍵句子中直接找出答案的, 而后面幾道題, 往往要求綜合全文來(lái)分析. 最近幾天的閱讀, 大體分為兩種: 一種是偏向主觀論述的閱讀, 比如倒數(shù)55天的癌癥、倒數(shù)53天的空調(diào)和今天的效率; 另一種是偏向客觀敘述的閱讀, 比如倒數(shù)52天的家養(yǎng)寵物和倒數(shù)54天的無(wú)家可歸的兒童. 前者往往要著重考慮作者的中心思想, 后者往往要著重考慮作者的整體內(nèi)容.

　　Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done, but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly. In building bridges, American engineers calculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends come together within one-tenth of an inch. But when two Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountain both come out on the other side. --The Chineses firm belief is that it doesnt matter so long as a tunnel is dug through, and if we have two instead of one, why, we have a double track to boot.

　　The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent idling. But, worse than that, it imposes upon us a different conception of time as measured by the clock and eventually turns the human being into a clock himself. Nevertheless, such efficiency is what makes life so hard and full of excitement. A man who has to be punctually at a certain place at five oclock has the whole afternoon from one to five ruined for him already. Every American adult is arranging his time on the pattern of the schoolboy - three oclock for this, five oclock for that, six-thirty for change of dress, six-fifty for entering the taxi, and seven oclock for arriving at the destination. It just makes life not worth living.

　　1. The writer objects to efficiency mainly on the grounds that it ____.

　　A) entitles us to too much leisure time

　　B) urges us to get things done punctually

　　C) deprives us of leisure time

　　D) imposes on us a perfect concept of time

　　2. In the eyes of the author, the introduction of industrial life gives rise to ____.

　　A) the excitement of life

　　B) magnificent idling of time

　　C) more emphasis on efficiency

　　D) terrifying schoolboy

　　3. The passage tells us ____.

　　A) Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient

　　B) all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will

　　C) Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management

　　D) Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency

　　4. The author believes that relaxing the rule of punctuality in factories would lead to ____.

　　A) great confusion

　　B) increased production

　　C) a hard and exciting life

　　D) successful completion of a tunnel

　　5. What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that ____.

　　A) every American is arranging his time in the pattern of a schoolboy

　　B) every American is reluctant to be efficient

　　C) every one should have some time to spend as he pleases

　　D) being punctual is an undesirable habit which should not be formed

　　答案：

　　1.C)deprives us of leisure time對(duì)應(yīng)原文第一句but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves. 選項(xiàng)A是與作者想法完全相反的; 選項(xiàng)B雖有章可循, 但要注意原文是it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly, 而非it直接urges us to get things done punctually; 選項(xiàng)D要看清, 原文是a different conception of time而非a perfect concept of time.

　　2.C)more emphasis on efficiency對(duì)應(yīng)原文第二段第一句The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent idling. 通過(guò)第一段可以看出, 與efficiency對(duì)立的是this kind of glorious and magnificent idling, 而industrial life又forbids, 自然說(shuō)明industrial life gives rise to more emphasis on efficiency.

　　3.D)Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency. 排除法: A)Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient不符合原文中的內(nèi)容; B)all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will語(yǔ)氣太重, 不是被強(qiáng)迫講求效率, 也不是違背自己意愿, 只是為了適應(yīng)工業(yè)社會(huì); C)Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management不屬于本文討論范疇。。。

　　4.A)great confusion對(duì)應(yīng)原文

　　5.C)every on should have some time to spend as he pleases, 這是4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一一個(gè)符合is implied but NOT stated兩個(gè)條件的. A選項(xiàng)有被直接提及, B選項(xiàng)reluctant是不愿的意思, 而本文并非討論愿不愿的問題, D選項(xiàng)being punctual is an undesirable habit which should not be formed, 黑體部分分別為守時(shí)和不良習(xí)慣的意思, 顯然不是作者本意.

　　總結(jié)一下, 今天這期比昨天講小貓小狗的閱讀要難一些- -, 是一篇既要求詞匯量, 同時(shí)又要求答題技巧的典型的閱讀理解. 所謂答題技巧, 就是首先要讀懂文章的大概意思, 然后注意一些關(guān)鍵句子.

　　關(guān)鍵句子很有可能出現(xiàn)在段落的連接部分, 比如開頭和結(jié)尾. 一般情況下, 閱讀理解的前面幾道題是可以從原文的關(guān)鍵句子中直接找出答案的, 而后面幾道題, 往往要求綜合全文來(lái)分析. 最近幾天的閱讀, 大體分為兩種: 一種是偏向主觀論述的閱讀, 比如倒數(shù)55天的癌癥、倒數(shù)53天的空調(diào)和今天的效率; 另一種是偏向客觀敘述的閱讀, 比如倒數(shù)52天的家養(yǎng)寵物和倒數(shù)54天的無(wú)家可歸的兒童. 前者往往要著重考慮作者的中心思想, 后者往往要著重考慮作者的整體內(nèi)容.