2023年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯指導(dǎo)及練習(xí)（20）
形容詞的固定搭配
固定搭配是六級(jí)漢英翻譯試題部分考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)?？忌趶?fù)習(xí)備考的過(guò)程中一定要注意加強(qiáng)積累，才能在考試中熟練地運(yùn)用。今后每期將有二十到三十個(gè)固定搭配，太簡(jiǎn)單的我就直接無(wú)視掉了，每天記住幾個(gè)就OK了，而且很多我們也學(xué)過(guò)。這樣在考試前我們能掌握近五百個(gè)搭配。
be present at 出席
be pound of 以......自豪，因......感到滿意
be ready for 為......準(zhǔn)備好
be rich in 富于
be satisfied of 相信
be satisfied with 對(duì)......滿意，滿足于
be second to 次于
be short for 是......的縮寫
be short of 短缺
be sick for 渴望
be sick in bed 病在床上
be sick of 對(duì)......感到厭倦
be sorry for 對(duì)......感到抱歉
be strict with 對(duì)......要求嚴(yán)格
be subjected to 遭受
be suited to適合于
be supposed to 應(yīng)該，非......不可
be sure of 堅(jiān)信，確信
be sure to 一定，必定
be surprised at 對(duì)......感到驚奇
be through with 結(jié)束
be tired from 因......而疲乏
be tired of 厭煩，對(duì)......厭倦
be tired out 疲倦，急了
be true of 適用于
be unconscious of 不知道......
be unequal to 無(wú)法勝任......的
be unfit for 不適合，不勝任
be useful to 對(duì)......有用
be well up in 精通，熟悉
be wild with joy 欣喜
be willing to 樂(lè)意......
be worried about 為......擔(dān)心
be worth 值得
be wrong with 有點(diǎn)毛病，有些不舒服
Exercise Seventeen
1. _________________ ，there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men..
2. When it is short of water，a plant _______________.
3. He has never mixed with them or _____________，but has demanded and generally received a respect due to his position and superior intelligence.
4.Your Math instructor would have been happy ________________had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
5. ________________of the family，the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.
1. If machines really thought as men do
解析：本題意為：如果機(jī)器真的能像人一樣會(huì)思考的話，那么就沒(méi)有理由害怕它們，如同沒(méi)有理由害怕人類一樣?？疾榈氖翘摂M語(yǔ)氣的用法。如果所述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，那么虛擬條件句的從句謂語(yǔ)部分用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，主句謂語(yǔ)部分用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原型。如果所述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，則從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，主句謂語(yǔ)用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。如果所述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，則從句謂語(yǔ)用 should/were to+動(dòng)詞原型，主句謂語(yǔ)用would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原型。本題屬第一種。
2. normally uses evaporation as a means of cooling
解析：本題主要考查考生的詞匯量。蒸發(fā)和降溫可以分別用evaporation，cooling。cool本來(lái)是形容詞涼爽的，酷的，好的，作為動(dòng)詞可以表示降溫。本句可譯為：在缺乏水分時(shí)，植物一般用蒸發(fā)作為降溫的手段。
3. spoken to them on equal terms
解析：本題在理解上有一定難度，首先要看懂全句意思：他從來(lái)沒(méi)有同它們親密來(lái)往，或是同它們坦誠(chéng)交流，但由于他的地位和高人一籌的聰明才智，他要求、也通常贏得了他們的尊敬。同他們坦誠(chéng)交流的坦誠(chéng)英語(yǔ)里沒(méi)有一個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)詞，只有用短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。on equal terms是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，表示平等相處。另外，句子需填入部分還要注意前后時(shí)態(tài)一致。前半句用的是He has never...而...or...暗示前后是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所以交流也應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)。
4. to give you a make-up examination
解析：要看出本題是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣句，had you gone and explained...是由于省略了標(biāo)記詞if而部分倒裝。補(bǔ)考在英文里有固定搭配make-up examination。make up表示彌補(bǔ)、整理、和解、不足等。make-up暗含補(bǔ)救的意思。而這句話沒(méi)有必要譯成to give you a chance of make-up examination，因?yàn)檫@樣在語(yǔ)義上就犯了重復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤。這句話完整的意思是：如果你去向他解釋你父母那時(shí)生病了，你的數(shù)學(xué)老師會(huì)樂(lè)于給你一次補(bǔ)考機(jī)會(huì)的。
5. As the children become financially independent
解析：本題考查的是隨著......狀語(yǔ)從句，英語(yǔ)可以用as引導(dǎo)。另一個(gè)考點(diǎn)是漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞性向英語(yǔ)形容詞詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換。全句意為：隨著孩子們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)上從家庭中獨(dú)立出來(lái)，家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)保障的重心將從保護(hù)轉(zhuǎn)移到為退休后的生活儲(chǔ)蓄。
形容詞的固定搭配
固定搭配是六級(jí)漢英翻譯試題部分考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考的過(guò)程中一定要注意加強(qiáng)積累，才能在考試中熟練地運(yùn)用。今后每期將有二十到三十個(gè)固定搭配，太簡(jiǎn)單的我就直接無(wú)視掉了，每天記住幾個(gè)就OK了，而且很多我們也學(xué)過(guò)。這樣在考試前我們能掌握近五百個(gè)搭配。
be present at 出席
be pound of 以......自豪，因......感到滿意
be ready for 為......準(zhǔn)備好
be rich in 富于
be satisfied of 相信
be satisfied with 對(duì)......滿意，滿足于
be second to 次于
be short for 是......的縮寫
be short of 短缺
be sick for 渴望
be sick in bed 病在床上
be sick of 對(duì)......感到厭倦
be sorry for 對(duì)......感到抱歉
be strict with 對(duì)......要求嚴(yán)格
be subjected to 遭受
be suited to適合于
be supposed to 應(yīng)該，非......不可
be sure of 堅(jiān)信，確信
be sure to 一定，必定
be surprised at 對(duì)......感到驚奇
be through with 結(jié)束
be tired from 因......而疲乏
be tired of 厭煩，對(duì)......厭倦
be tired out 疲倦，急了
be true of 適用于
be unconscious of 不知道......
be unequal to 無(wú)法勝任......的
be unfit for 不適合，不勝任
be useful to 對(duì)......有用
be well up in 精通，熟悉
be wild with joy 欣喜
be willing to 樂(lè)意......
be worried about 為......擔(dān)心
be worth 值得
be wrong with 有點(diǎn)毛病，有些不舒服
Exercise Seventeen
1. _________________ ，there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men..
2. When it is short of water，a plant _______________.
3. He has never mixed with them or _____________，but has demanded and generally received a respect due to his position and superior intelligence.
4.Your Math instructor would have been happy ________________had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
5. ________________of the family，the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.
1. If machines really thought as men do
解析：本題意為：如果機(jī)器真的能像人一樣會(huì)思考的話，那么就沒(méi)有理由害怕它們，如同沒(méi)有理由害怕人類一樣?？疾榈氖翘摂M語(yǔ)氣的用法。如果所述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，那么虛擬條件句的從句謂語(yǔ)部分用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，主句謂語(yǔ)部分用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原型。如果所述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，則從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，主句謂語(yǔ)用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。如果所述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，則從句謂語(yǔ)用 should/were to+動(dòng)詞原型，主句謂語(yǔ)用would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原型。本題屬第一種。
2. normally uses evaporation as a means of cooling
解析：本題主要考查考生的詞匯量。蒸發(fā)和降溫可以分別用evaporation，cooling。cool本來(lái)是形容詞涼爽的，酷的，好的，作為動(dòng)詞可以表示降溫。本句可譯為：在缺乏水分時(shí)，植物一般用蒸發(fā)作為降溫的手段。
3. spoken to them on equal terms
解析：本題在理解上有一定難度，首先要看懂全句意思：他從來(lái)沒(méi)有同它們親密來(lái)往，或是同它們坦誠(chéng)交流，但由于他的地位和高人一籌的聰明才智，他要求、也通常贏得了他們的尊敬。同他們坦誠(chéng)交流的坦誠(chéng)英語(yǔ)里沒(méi)有一個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)詞，只有用短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。on equal terms是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，表示平等相處。另外，句子需填入部分還要注意前后時(shí)態(tài)一致。前半句用的是He has never...而...or...暗示前后是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所以交流也應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)。
4. to give you a make-up examination
解析：要看出本題是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣句，had you gone and explained...是由于省略了標(biāo)記詞if而部分倒裝。補(bǔ)考在英文里有固定搭配make-up examination。make up表示彌補(bǔ)、整理、和解、不足等。make-up暗含補(bǔ)救的意思。而這句話沒(méi)有必要譯成to give you a chance of make-up examination，因?yàn)檫@樣在語(yǔ)義上就犯了重復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤。這句話完整的意思是：如果你去向他解釋你父母那時(shí)生病了，你的數(shù)學(xué)老師會(huì)樂(lè)于給你一次補(bǔ)考機(jī)會(huì)的。
5. As the children become financially independent
解析：本題考查的是隨著......狀語(yǔ)從句，英語(yǔ)可以用as引導(dǎo)。另一個(gè)考點(diǎn)是漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞性向英語(yǔ)形容詞詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換。全句意為：隨著孩子們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)上從家庭中獨(dú)立出來(lái)，家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)保障的重心將從保護(hù)轉(zhuǎn)移到為退休后的生活儲(chǔ)蓄。
