2023考研英語閱讀理解模擬試題四十一

　　2023復習正在如火如荼的進行中，考研專家建議可以按考研題型分別進行重點復習，是考研英語中分值最高的，在線小編特地整理了2023理解模擬試題供大家模擬練習，希望大家認真做題，錯題著重看解析及譯文，經過練習閱讀理解能力必能有所提高。 　　四十一、戲劇包含的要素 　　One meaning of the Greek word dran is to accomplish, and in this meaning lies a further key to the structure of drama. A play concerns a human agent attempting to accomplish some purpose. In tragedy his attempt is, in personal terms at least, unsuccessful; in comedy it is successful; in the problem play final accomplishment is often either ambiguous or doubtful. 　　This action, from the beginning to the end of a movement toward a purposed goal, must also have a middle; it must proceed through a number of steps, the succession of incidents which make up the plot. Because the dramatist is concerned with the meaning and logic of events rather than with their casual relationship in time, he will probably select his material and order it on a basis of the operation, in human affairs, of laws of cause and effect. It is in this causal relationship of incidents that the element of conflict, present in virtually all plays, appears. 　　The central figure of the playthe protagonistencounters difficulties; his purpose or purposes conflict with events or circumstances, with purposes of other characters in the play, or with cross-purposes which exist within his own thoughts and desires. These difficulties threaten the protagonists accomplishment; in other words, they present complications, and his success or failure in dealing with these complications determines the outcome. Normally, complications build through the play in order of increasing difficulty; one complication may be added to another, or one may grow out of the solution of a preceding one. At some point in this chain of complication and solution, achieved or attempted, the protagonist performs an act or makes a decision which irrevocably commits him to a further course, points toward certain general consequences. This point is usually called the crisis; the complications and solutions which follow work out the logical steps from crisis to final resolution, or denouement. 　　1. According to the first paragraph of the text, a dramatist. 　　[A] seldom believes what he writes about [B] portrays what he experiences in the drama 　　[C] concerns himself with the results of human effort [D] tries to convince his audience of what he believes 　　2. A drama is arranged mainly in accordance with. 　　[A] the will of the dramatist [B] the sequence of events [C] the law of dramatic art [D] the need of performance 　　3. A dramatist usually . 　　[A] clarifies the complicated relationship in his drama [B] makes the relationship in his drama more complicated 　　[C] hopes to see his protagonist win an easy victory [D] likes to present his protagonist as threatening fellows 　　4. The word crisis most probably implies. 　　[A] a dangerous moment [B] the last decision [C] the crucial point [D] a brave engagement 　　5. In the text, the author mainly deals with. 　　[A] the necessity of drama in a culture [B] some social functions of dramas 　　[C] the responsibility of dramatists [D] some key elements in drama-making 　　答案：1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 　　核心詞匯或超綱詞匯 　　agent原動力，動因 　　irrevocably 不能取消地 　　denouement結尾，結局 　　engagement訂婚;約定，約會;戰斗，交戰 　　全文翻譯 　　希臘詞語dran的一個含義是實現，而這個含義正是進一步了解戲劇結構的關鍵所在。一部戲劇和一個試圖實現某種目的的人文動作者有關。在悲劇中，這個動作者的動機至少在個人層面上是不成功的;而在喜劇中卻是成功的。在問題劇中目的的最后實現要么是模糊不清的要么是黑而未決的。 　　從戲劇的開始到實現某個有意識的目的的結束，這個情節必定有一個中間過渡。它必須經歷幾個步驟，即構成這個情節的一系列的事件。由于劇作家關注的是事件的含義與邏輯性而不是它們在時間上的偶然關聯，因此他可能會選擇素材并按照人類事件因果關系的一般規律進行排序。于是這些事件的因果關系中包含了幾乎所有戲劇中都存在的沖突的元素。 　　戲劇的中心人物主人公遭遇困難，他的一個或多個目的與事件或環境發生沖突，與劇中其他人物的目的發生沖突，與存在于他的思想和欲望中相互矛盾的目的發生沖突。這些困難阻礙了主人公目的的完成，換句話說，它們使事件變得復雜，而主人公能否成功地處理這些復雜事件決定了戲劇最終的結局。一般而言，戲劇中的復雜事件是按照其困難的程度逐漸累積起來的。一個困難事件也許累加到另一個困難事件之上，或者在前一個困難事件解決之后出現。在問題復雜化和問題得到解決、實現了目的或企圖實現目的構成的鏈條的某一點上，主人公完成一個行為或者做出一個必然使他進入進一步發展軌跡的決定。這個點通常被稱為危機，接下來出現的復雜問題和解決方法構成了從危機到最后解決，即結局的邏輯步驟。

　　2023復習正在如火如荼的進行中，考研專家建議可以按考研題型分別進行重點復習，是考研英語中分值最高的，在線小編特地整理了2023理解模擬試題供大家模擬練習，希望大家認真做題，錯題著重看解析及譯文，經過練習閱讀理解能力必能有所提高。 　　四十一、戲劇包含的要素 　　One meaning of the Greek word dran is to accomplish, and in this meaning lies a further key to the structure of drama. A play concerns a human agent attempting to accomplish some purpose. In tragedy his attempt is, in personal terms at least, unsuccessful; in comedy it is successful; in the problem play final accomplishment is often either ambiguous or doubtful. 　　This action, from the beginning to the end of a movement toward a purposed goal, must also have a middle; it must proceed through a number of steps, the succession of incidents which make up the plot. Because the dramatist is concerned with the meaning and logic of events rather than with their casual relationship in time, he will probably select his material and order it on a basis of the operation, in human affairs, of laws of cause and effect. It is in this causal relationship of incidents that the element of conflict, present in virtually all plays, appears. 　　The central figure of the playthe protagonistencounters difficulties; his purpose or purposes conflict with events or circumstances, with purposes of other characters in the play, or with cross-purposes which exist within his own thoughts and desires. These difficulties threaten the protagonists accomplishment; in other words, they present complications, and his success or failure in dealing with these complications determines the outcome. Normally, complications build through the play in order of increasing difficulty; one complication may be added to another, or one may grow out of the solution of a preceding one. At some point in this chain of complication and solution, achieved or attempted, the protagonist performs an act or makes a decision which irrevocably commits him to a further course, points toward certain general consequences. This point is usually called the crisis; the complications and solutions which follow work out the logical steps from crisis to final resolution, or denouement. 　　1. According to the first paragraph of the text, a dramatist. 　　[A] seldom believes what he writes about [B] portrays what he experiences in the drama 　　[C] concerns himself with the results of human effort [D] tries to convince his audience of what he believes 　　2. A drama is arranged mainly in accordance with. 　　[A] the will of the dramatist [B] the sequence of events [C] the law of dramatic art [D] the need of performance 　　3. A dramatist usually . 　　[A] clarifies the complicated relationship in his drama [B] makes the relationship in his drama more complicated 　　[C] hopes to see his protagonist win an easy victory [D] likes to present his protagonist as threatening fellows 　　4. The word crisis most probably implies. 　　[A] a dangerous moment [B] the last decision [C] the crucial point [D] a brave engagement 　　5. In the text, the author mainly deals with. 　　[A] the necessity of drama in a culture [B] some social functions of dramas 　　[C] the responsibility of dramatists [D] some key elements in drama-making 　　答案：1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 　　核心詞匯或超綱詞匯 　　agent原動力，動因 　　irrevocably 不能取消地 　　denouement結尾，結局 　　engagement訂婚;約定，約會;戰斗，交戰 　　全文翻譯 　　希臘詞語dran的一個含義是實現，而這個含義正是進一步了解戲劇結構的關鍵所在。一部戲劇和一個試圖實現某種目的的人文動作者有關。在悲劇中，這個動作者的動機至少在個人層面上是不成功的;而在喜劇中卻是成功的。在問題劇中目的的最后實現要么是模糊不清的要么是黑而未決的。 　　從戲劇的開始到實現某個有意識的目的的結束，這個情節必定有一個中間過渡。它必須經歷幾個步驟，即構成這個情節的一系列的事件。由于劇作家關注的是事件的含義與邏輯性而不是它們在時間上的偶然關聯，因此他可能會選擇素材并按照人類事件因果關系的一般規律進行排序。于是這些事件的因果關系中包含了幾乎所有戲劇中都存在的沖突的元素。 　　戲劇的中心人物主人公遭遇困難，他的一個或多個目的與事件或環境發生沖突，與劇中其他人物的目的發生沖突，與存在于他的思想和欲望中相互矛盾的目的發生沖突。這些困難阻礙了主人公目的的完成，換句話說，它們使事件變得復雜，而主人公能否成功地處理這些復雜事件決定了戲劇最終的結局。一般而言，戲劇中的復雜事件是按照其困難的程度逐漸累積起來的。一個困難事件也許累加到另一個困難事件之上，或者在前一個困難事件解決之后出現。在問題復雜化和問題得到解決、實現了目的或企圖實現目的構成的鏈條的某一點上，主人公完成一個行為或者做出一個必然使他進入進一步發展軌跡的決定。這個點通常被稱為危機，接下來出現的復雜問題和解決方法構成了從危機到最后解決，即結局的邏輯步驟。