2024屆北師大版高三一輪總復習英語課時作業4
課時作業(四) 必修1 Unit 2 Heroes
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2024·皖北協作區高三聯考)
The wisdom my 77-year-old father has passed on to me came more through osmosis (潛移默化) than lectures.My dad’s__1__shines through all his life. Old age hasn’t__2__him，mainly because he doesn’t think almost 80 is old.He had ever trained for a charity (慈善)__3__across the Hudson River in New York.He wore his custom-fitted diving suit，but he still got so__4__.We warmed him and wrapped him in a sleeping bag.“Oh，__5__，it isn’t that bad，” he’d say，“I am fine.” He is always fine.He did__6__the Hudson River swim a month later.
If you ask my father whether or not his life has been hard，he will say he is__7__.He means the kind of happiness that comes from__8__a well-cooked family meal，taking a good long run or growing a perfect tomato.Did I mention that he used to run marathons before his knee replacement surgery？He’s the one who__9__me I could do it，too.“__10__can run a marathon，” he said，“as long as you keep training.”
My father was born in 1933.His childhood took a__11__at the beginning of World War Ⅱ：His father joined the French Army and was__12__by the Germans and spent the war in a prison camp.My dad and his mother and sister were shipped off to New Jersey to live with relatives.His mother__13__from depression，and Dad went to boarding school in New England from the sixth grade on.Yet in all Dad’s usual dinner table__14__，there have been many times when he turned them into__15__stories.
After a family dinner the other night，Papa Bob advised us to try the skydiving__16__.“Sixty-five seconds of free falling，”he said.“I__17__it.I should have been a paratrooper (傘兵)．”
He loves getting cards in the mail，and usually I’m__18__，so instead I call him on Father’s Day.But this year I’ve__19__to be early for once.I want to let him know how much he__20__to me.Dad，thank you —for all and mostly for your enduring faith that everything will be OK.
1．A.abilityB．gentleness
C．optimism
D．humor
2．A.comforted
B．slowed
C．punished
D．accused
3．A.swim
B．donation
C．volunteer
D．activity
4．A.warm
B．sad
C．calm
D．cold
5．A.come out
B．come back
C．come over
D．come on
6．A.complete
B．stop
C．delay
D．celebrate
7．A.ordinary
B．young
C．disabled
D．lucky
8．A.sharing
B．containing
C．destroying
D．buying
9．A.informed
B．appointed
C．insisted
D．convinced
10．A.Anyone
B．Someone
C．None
D．Others
11．A.step
B．turn
C．sigh
D．dream
12．A.killed
B．caught
C．driven
D．fired
13．A.resulted
B．judgedC．suffered
D．separated
14．A.experiences
B．manners
C．stories
D．news
15．A.foolish
B．great
C．short
D．aggressive
16．A.chance
B．adventure
C．visit
D．movement
17．A.loved
B．hated
C．used
D．assessed
18．A.late
B．early
C．noisy
D．quiet
19．A.refused
B．permitted
C．allowed
D．decided
20．A.occurs
B．possesses
C．means
D．proves
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
A
(2024·合肥市第一次質量檢測)
As students enter the school building，they are easy targets of peer pressure.Students may become involved in activities that are dangerous to themselves，or others，due to peer pressure.
Drugs，including alcohol，are a major part of peer pressure.A research institute reports that about 30 percent of the teenagers are offered drugs in middle and high schools.The majority of teens consume their first drink of alcohol at the age of 13.The National Household Survey on drug use and health from the Department of Health and Human Services informs the public that 74.3 percent of the high school students have tried alcohol.A large percentage of those who drink alcohol are also smokers.The American Lung Association points out that about 3.1 million adolescents are smokers in the US.Almost 25 percent of teens between 17 and 18 are regular smokers. Peer pressure can affect the behavior，clothing choice，music and movie choice and even the personality.Academics can also be affected by peer influence.People can be affected by these factors and remain completely unaware of the changes in their lifestyle，but some people do realize when they are being pressured.Just by simply spending time with others，a person can become more like them.
“If you are being pressured to do things that you know are wrong，” Sheats，a senior，said，“you should get out of that situation and tell a trusted adult.” For people to avoid becoming a victim of peer pressure，they must make their own decisions.Judgment of a situation based on one’s morals is very important in peer pressure situations.“People，” Sheats added，“should follow their own hearts.” 1．The passage is mainly about________.
A．peer influence
B．teenagers’ lifestyles
C．academic pressure
D．moral judgment
2．According to the second paragraph，________.
A．teen smokers are more than teen alcoholics
B．almost a quarter of teens are regular smokers
C．most teens begin to try alcohol at the age of 13
D．about 30% of teenagers try drugs in middle school
3．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．no one knows they are being influenced by their friends
B．teenagers tend to spend more time with their friends
C．people are more easily influenced by those around them
D．peer pressure affects people’s behavior rather than academics
4．Sheats suggests when being pressured to do something awful，we teens should________.
A．ask our peers for help
B．keep it a secret from our parents
C．accept our peers’ decisions
D．make decisions on our own morals
B
(2024·鄭州市第二次質量預測)
About 1 500 years ago the Japanese imported many aspects of Chinese culture：the writing system，political institutions，and perhaps the most important，Buddhism.Buddhist priests were expected to eat only vegetables，and tofu (豆腐)，made from the soybean，was a very important food in their diet.When Buddhism was introduced from China，tofu was also brought to Japan.
Tofu developed in different ways in China and Japan.While the Chinese often changed the taste of tofu by mixing it with strongly-flavored vegetables or meat，the Japanese preferred to eat it using only a simple sauce.Even now，traditional Japanese cooking preserves the original delicacy of tofu，though the way it is served may change from season to season.In summer，for example， it is simply served cold，while in winter it is often eaten as part of a hot dish.
The soybean was introduced to the West in the 18th century，but little interest was taken in it.Only scientists recognized its high food value.During the Second World War，when meat was in short supply，the US government encouraged the American people to eat soybean products.However，they never became very popular and，after the war，interest in them dropped off as the supply of meat became plentiful again.
In recent years，people in the west have become increasingly aware of the dangers of eating too much animal fat，and as a result，they have turned more and more to soybean products.This is mainly because the soybean provides almost the same food value as meat，and in addition it is a lot more healthful.Much of the margarine (人造黃油)，salad oil and cooking oil in daily use is now produced from soybean oil.Tofu，a representative soybean product and originally one of the main foods in the diet of Chinese priests，is considered to be one of the healthiest foods available to man.
5．Tofu came to Japan together with Buddhism because________.
A．Buddhist priests ate tofu rather than vegetables
B．it was a very important food in the diet of Buddhist priests
C．the religion came to Japan together with political institutions
D．the religion was the most important aspect of Chinese culture
6．How are Japanese tofu dishes different from Chinese tofu dishes?
A．They are preserved in the original taste.
B．They are served the same way throughout the year.
C．They have a better taste than Chinese tofu dishes.
D．They have a greater variety than Chinese tofu dishes.
7．Why did the US government encourage its people to eat soybean products in wartime?
A．Americans recognized their high food value.
B．Little interest was taken in the soybean products.
C．Meat was less available than before.
D．They were found to taste very good.
8．The western people become interested in tofu and other soybean products because________.
A．they have become tired of eating meat
B．meat has become too expensive to buy
C．these products are more readily available
D．eating too much animal fat is considered unhealthy
答案：
課時作業(四)
.完形填空
語篇解讀： 作者的父親用實際行動告訴作者——笑對人生的人比在挫折面前悲悲戚戚的人更能得到快樂的垂青，這讓作者受益匪淺，對父親深懷感激之情。
1．解析： 根據下文可知，“我”的父親比較樂觀(optimism)。
答案： C
2．解析： 根據下文的“mainly because he doesn’t think almost 80 is old”可知，“我”的父親并不認為將近八十歲了就老了，即年齡大并沒有讓他慢(slowed)下來。
答案： B
3．解析： 根據下文的“He wore his custom-fitted diving suit”以及“He did__6__the Hudson River swim a month later.”可知，“我”的父親曾經為參加一個慈善游泳(swim)活動訓練過。
答案： A
4．解析： 根據__4__空前面的“but”以及下文的“We warmed him and wrapped him in a sleeping bag.”可知，“我”的父親仍然感到很冷(cold)。
答案： D
5．解析： 根據上下文內容可知，此處表示“得了吧(come on)，沒那么糟糕”。
答案： D
6．解析： “我”的父親一個月后的確游完(complete)了哈德遜河。
答案： A
7．解析： 如果你問“我”的父親生活是否艱難，他會說自己很幸運(lucky)。
答案： D
8．解析： 他的意思是這種幸福感來源于共享(sharing)精心烹制的家常便飯……
答案： A
9．解析： 由下文的“I could do it，too”以及“as long as you keep training”可知，“我”的父親使“我”相信(convinced)“我”也能參加馬拉松賽跑。
答案： D
10．解析： 由下文的“as long as you keep training”可知，此處表示任何人(Anyone)都可以參加馬拉松賽跑。
答案： A
11．解析： 根據下文的“His father joined the French Army and was__12__by the Germans and spent the war in a prison camp.”可知，“我”的父親于1933年出生，在二戰初他的童年發生了變化(turn)。
答案： B
12．解析： 根據后面的“spent the war in a prison camp”可知，“我”的祖父被捕(caught)了。
答案： B
13．解析： 他的母親患(suffered)有抑郁癥。suffer from表示“遭受”。
答案： C
14．解析： 根據15空后面的“stories”可知，此空應用“stories”。
答案： C
15．解析： 有很多次“我”的父親把他餐桌上很平常的故事變成了非常了不起的(great)故事。
答案： B
16．解析： 根據下文的“Sixty-five seconds of free falling”可知，爸爸建議我們嘗試特技跳傘冒險(adventure)活動。
答案： B
17．解析： 根據下文的“I should have been a paratrooper (傘兵)”可推知，“我”的父親熱愛(loved)跳傘運動。
答案： A
18．解析： 根據下文的“so instead I call him on Father’s Day.But this year I’ve __19__to be early for once.”可知，“我”常常向父親表示祝賀晚(late)了。
答案： A
19．解析： 根據上下文內容以及“But”可知，今年“我”決定(decided)這一次要早一點兒向父親表示祝賀。
答案： D
20．解析： 根據下文內容可知，“我”想要父親知道他對“我”有多重要(means)。
答案： C
.閱讀理解
語篇解讀： 來自同輩的壓力很容易影響在校的學生，讓他們隨波逐流，做出不應該做的事情。鑒于此，青少年應該有自己的道德觀，而不是盲目跟從。
1．解析： 主旨大意題。文章第一段開門見山地點明了本文的主題，再結合第三段中的內容可知，本文主要是談論”同輩的影響”，故選A。
答案： A
2．解析： 細節理解題。根據本段的第三句“The majority of teens consume their first drink of alcohol at the age of 13.”可知，大部分青少年在13歲時開始嘗試飲酒。
答案： C
3．解析： 推理判斷題。根據第三段的最后一句可推知，人們更容易受周圍人的影響。
答案： C
4．解析： 細節理解題。根據最后一段的最后兩句可知，Sheats建議青少年應該憑自己的道德作決定，其余三項均不恰當。
答案： D
語篇解讀： 豆腐是中國的傳統食品，它伴隨著佛教傳入日本。近些年，西方人也開始意識到吃過多肉類的危害，看到了豆制品的價值。豆腐被認為是最有價值的食品之一。5．解析： 細節理解題。根據第一段第二句話“Buddhist priests...to eat only vegetables，and tofu...”可知，豆腐當時是佛教僧人的主要食物，因此也一起伴隨著佛教傳入了日本。
答案： B
6．解析： 細節理解題。根據第二段倒數第二句話“...traditional Japanese cooking preserves the original delicacy of tofu”可知，答案選A。
答案： A
7．解析： 細節理解題。由第三段第三句話“During the Second World War，when meat was in short supply，the US government encouraged the American people to eat soybean products.”可知，美國政府在戰爭期間鼓勵吃豆制品的原因是當時肉類供應短缺。
