2024屆高考英語沖刺寫作必考話題：5-15 unit15 learning
②Everyone wishes we would have a more harmonious society.大家都希望有一個更加和諧的社會。 ③I________________ a bird flying in the sky.
我希望我是一只在空中翱翔的小鳥。 ④She wished she hadn't wasted so much time.
她后悔的是她當時要是不浪費那么多時間就好了。 答案 ③wish I were ①The driver acknowledged my instructions but did not move off.(2024·福建卷)
司機明白了我的要求，但他沒有發動汽車。 ②Mum instructed me to deliver the box of sweets to my grandma.
＝Mum instructed that I________the box of sweets to my grandma.媽媽吩咐我把這盒糖果寄給我外婆。
[熟詞生義] ③I will instruct him whether to come today or tomorrow.
A．命令
B．指導
C．通知 答案 ②(should) deliver ③C distinguish
vt.區別，辨別；使具有某種特征
(教材原句)If the room hadn't been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures.如果房間不是太暗的話，他就會辯認出那兩張照片了。
(1)distinguish between...
分辨，區分……
distinguish...from...
辨別……與……
distinguish oneself
表現突出
(2)distinguished adj.
著名的，卓越的，高貴的
be distinguished for
因……而著稱 ①We could hardly distinguish the orange-colored spots of the kites.(2011·浙江卷，D)
我們幾乎不能辨別那些風箏上的橙色斑點。 ②The twins are so like, it's difficult to distinguish one from the other.
這對雙胞胎長得太像了，很難分辨誰是誰。 ③Mo Yan________________his good knowledge of literature.莫言因其文學知識豐富而成名。 答案 ③is distinguished for lack vt.& n．缺乏，沒有
(教材原句)I know that I wasn't a willing student and I shouldn't have been so difficult at school, but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.
我上學時不是一個特別上進的學生，我知道自己本來不該那么叛逆，但那也許是因為我太缺乏自信了。
(1)lack sth缺乏/少某物(沒有被動語態)
(2)(a) lack of...
缺乏……
for/through lack of 因缺乏……
(3)lacking adj.
缺少的，不足的(不置于名詞前)
be lacking in sth 缺少某物 ①It's not that exercise makes you healthy；it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.(2024·浙江卷，B)
這并不是說運動使你身體健康，更多的是缺乏鍛煉使你的身體就弱，容易受疾病侵襲。 ②For/through lack of money the family couldn't send the boy to university.
因為缺錢那家人無法送這男孩上大學。 ③Because she________training, she was afraid of making an exhibition of herself.
她因缺乏訓練而擔心會出洋相。 答案 ③was lacking in access
n．[U](使用或見到的)機會；權利；通道
(教材原句)The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.作為老師，你可以在孩子們心靈頓開、渴望學習時進入他們的思想。
(1)access to
進入……，與……會面
gain/obtain/get/have access to
有權進入……，有權使用……
give access to
接見，準許進入
(2)accessible adj.
易到達的，易接近的
be accessible to
對……而言容易接近的；容易進入的 ① The only means of access to the house is a muddy track.進入這座房子的唯一通道是一條泥濘的小路。 ②Nobody but the head of the company has access to the secret office.
只有公司的領導可以進入秘密辦公室。 ③Medicine should not be kept where it________________children.
藥品不應放在兒童容易拿到的地方。 答案 ③is accessible to worthwhile
adj. 值得努力的
(教材原句)And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.如果我作為老師所做的能夠幫助將一個像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子變成一個如此成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
It's worthwhile doing/to do sth
值得做某事 ①He thinks it is never too late to challenge oneself to achieve something worthwhile.(2024·廣東卷基礎寫作)
他認為挑戰自己實現有價值的東西永遠不會太遲。 ②It is worthwhile ________________money developing children's interest in music.
花錢培養孩子在音樂方面的興趣是值得的。 ③What has just happened is well________focusing on.It is also________of being thought about by everyone present.Is it________to spend so much mon-ey on a wedding？We don't think it is________it at all.剛才發生的事值得關注。這件事也值得在座的每一個人思考。花這么多錢在婚禮上值得嗎？我們認為根本不值。 答案 ②to spend/spending ③worth；worthy；worth-while；worth approve v．贊成；認可；滿意
[朗文]President Obama said he hoped to get the Congress to approve the treaty.
奧巴馬總統稱，他希望美國國會將通過這個協議。
(1)approve of
贊成，贊許
approve of sb doing sth 同意某人做某事
(2)approval n．[U]
贊成；批準
meet with one's approval 得到某人的同意 ①Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.(2024·安徽卷，E)
雖然不是每個人都贊成新的舞蹈，說它有點過于糟糕，但舞蹈的確找到了足夠的支持者使它能流行。 ②I hope that the arrangements will______________.
我希望這些安排會得到你的同意。 答案 ②meet with your approval urge vt.力勸，強烈要求，催促n.迫切的要求，強烈的欲望
(教材原句)At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.起初，人們贊同他的研究并鼓勵他繼續進行，但是當他證實亞里士多德是錯誤的時候，他們就生氣了，把他關進了監獄。 ①We must urge upon you the importance of this matter.我們必須向你強調此事的重要性。 ②What can we do to urge these lazy children to work hard?
我們怎樣才能催促這些懶惰的孩子們好好學習呢？ ③The premier urged the local government to deal with the price problem immediately.(句型轉換)
＝The premier urged that the local government________________the price problem immediately.
總理敦促地方政府立即解決物價問題。 答案 ③(should) deal with assume vt.假定，假設；認為
(教材原句)Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth?
為什么亞里士多德認為太陽繞著地球轉？
(1)assume sb/sth to be...
假設/認為某人/某事是……
assume (that)
從句假設/假定……
assuming that...＝supposing/suppose that...
假定……
It's generally assumed that... 普遍認為……
(2)assumption n．
假定；假想；擔任(任務等)；
承擔 ①We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.
＝We must assume that he is innocent until he is proved guilty.
尚未證實他有罪，我們就得認為他是清白的。 ②________________the proposal is accepted, when are we going to get the money?
假定這個建議被采納，我們什么時候能拿到錢？ 答案 ②Assuming that adapt vt.&vi.(使)適應vt.改編 (教材原句)For a start, it would be hard adapting to a new culture.首先，適應一種新文化是會很難的。 (1)adapt (oneself) to
適應
adapt sth for sth
改編為；使某事物適應或適合
be adapted from
由……改編 (2)adaptation n．
適應，改編(本)
①Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.(2024·浙江卷，B)
因為我們的身體適應我們對它們所做的一切。 ②The film ________his story.It mainly tells us his quick________to the new environment, and in fact at first he thought he couldn't________the changed environment.這部電影是根據他的故事改編的，它主要告訴我們的是他快速適應新環境的能力，事實上，他原認為他不能使自己適應變化了的環境。 答案 ②is adapted from；adaptation；adapt himself to lay off 裁員；解雇；停止 (教材原句)Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.三個月前，當經理告訴我將被解雇時，我的大腦一片空白，心里充滿了憤怒。 lay sb off
解雇某人 lay off sb
解雇某人；停止打擾某人 lay off sth
停止使用某物 lay off doing sth
停止做某事 ①Provincial government has decided to lay off the agriculture tax on the areas hit by the flood and torrential rains.
省政府決定免去被洪水和暴雨襲擊地區的農業稅。 ②You'd better lay off smoking for your health for a while.為了你的健康這會兒你最好不要吸煙。 ③They have called back workers that they were forced to________during the recession.他們已經召回了在經濟不景氣時期被迫解雇的工人們。 答案 ③lay off aside from 除……之外 (教材原句)And aside from emailing, it's fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i-Cam. 除了發電子郵件，能在網絡眼上看到我在美國的孫輩并與之交談也很有意思。 (1)aside from＝apart from
＝except (for)
除……之外(別無) (2)aside from＝apart from＝besides 除……之外(尚有) (3)except that
除了……
in addition to
除了……之外還 ①Everything is quiet, aside from/except the occasional sound of a car in the distance.
除了遠處偶爾有汽車的聲響外，四周一片寂靜。 ②The essay is well written________________few spelling mistakes.
除了幾處拼寫錯誤外，這篇文章寫得很好。 答案 ②aside from/except for set off 出發；動身；(使)爆炸，引爆；燃放；引起 (教材原句)I remember that he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.我記得他讓我把一些粉末倒入火箭，然后讓另一個學生點火使火箭發射出去。 觀察句子，寫出下列黑體部分的含義 ①The terrorists set off bombs in public places. ________ ②Be careful when you set off fireworks. ________ ③You'd better set off at once, because many miners are being trapped in the mine. ________ ④Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling. ________ set off/out (for)
出發/動身(去……) set about doing sth ＝set out to do sth
著手/開始做某事 set up
建立 ⑤He set about doing his homework after supper every day.
＝He________________do his homework after supper every day.每天晚飯后他開始做家庭作業。 答案 ①(使)爆炸 ②燃放 ③出發，動身 ④引起 ⑤set out to
[句 式 詮 釋] (教材原句)I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.
我覺得該是我成為因特網用戶的時候了。
本句中含有“It's(high/about)time that”句式，意為“到做某事的時候了”。其中從句的謂語動詞要用動詞的過去式或者“should＋動詞原形”的虛擬語氣，但should不可省略。
It's time(for sb)to do sth (某人)該做某事了
It‘s time for sth
該……，到……的時候了
It is/was the first/second time that＋現在完成時/過去完成時 ①I think that it is (high) time that you made up your mind to study.
我認為到了你下決心學習的時候了。 ②It is the first time that I________the Bird's Nest.
這是我第一次參觀鳥巢。 答案 ②have visited (教材原句)Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion!
有時我真希望能給他打個電話問問他的意見。
wish后跟從句時常用虛擬語氣，表達不太現實或不太可能實現的愿望。
①I wish I could fly to the moon one day.
我希望有一天我能飛到月球上去。 考點歸納拓展 基礎知識通關 [寫 作 必 備] 基礎詞匯 1．benefit v．受益 2．standard n.
標準 3．master v.
精通；掌握 4．fluent adj.
流利的 5．expression n.
詞語；表達 6．vital adj.
極重要的 ·必考話題15 語言學習(Ⅰ) 7．grasp v.
掌握 8．beneficial adj.
有益的 9．practise v.
練習 10．be popular with
受……歡迎 11．attitudes to learning
學習態度 12．develop one's interest
培養興趣 提分句型 1．It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.必須指出學習只能靠自己。 2．The more books we read，the more learned we become.我們書讀得越多，我們越有學問。 3．When speaking English I often feel nervous.
當講英語時我常感到緊張。 4．Only by doing so can you enlarge your vocabulary more easily.只有這么做，你才能更容易地擴大你的詞匯量。 5．Having a good knowledge of Enghish can make our dream come true.掌握好英語能使我們夢想成真。
[美 文 賞 析] 素材示例 (2024·遼寧卷)假定你是某中學的學生李華。請用英語給出版社的編輯寫封信，表達你對現在使用的英語教材的看法，內容主要包括：
優點：(1)話題廣泛；(2)有助于提高學習興趣。
建議：適當降低詞匯難度。
注意：(1)詞數100左右；(2)可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；
(3)開頭語已為你寫好，不計入總詞數。 Dear Editor,
As a student reader，I am writing to talk about the English textbooks published by your house._______________ ___________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Best regards， Li Hua Dear Editor，
As a student reader，I am writing to talk about the English textbooks published by your house.
With more using of the English textbooks, we can find a lot of benefits in them which are worth praising.Firstly there are a range of interesting topics chosen in them such as music，life，culture rather than① only boring science or politics.Moreover，you can also meet with a lot of colorful and meaningful pictures in the English textbooks which are very popular with
us.
佳作播報
Interested in the pictures，we are eager to learn the texts and even do more work after class.We have collected some excellent pictures and are willing to share them with
you if permitted.Nevertheless, well as the English textbooks were written②，we still find it difficult
to master some words and expressions.I urge that adaptations be made so that we can have a better understanding of them.③ Best regards， Li Hua 1．rather than而不是，通常用來連接并列結構。
[模擬] We will have a meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.
