【北師大版】2024高考英語一輪復習講練精品學案：選修8 Unit 24 Society
Module 8
Unit 24 Society
1．abundant adj.大量的，豐富的，充裕的
【精講拓展】
abundant supplies 充足的供應
an abundance of 豐富的……
in abundance 大量地，豐富，富裕
make sth. abundantly clear 清楚地表達
【典型例句】
Wild flowers grow in abundance on the hillsides.山坡上長滿
了野花。
[朗文當代]
There is abundant evidence that cars have a harmful effect on
the environment.
有充分證據表明，汽車對環境有害。
[劍橋高階]
It’s abundantly clear what the outcome will be.結果會怎樣已
非常清楚。
[朗文當代]
即學即用
翻譯句子
①我國自然資源豐富。
________________________________________________
②該島盛產水果和蔬菜。
________________________________________________
Our country is abundant in natural resources.
Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island.
2．burden n. & v．重擔；負擔；(使)擔負
【精講拓展】
to bear/ carry/ ease/ reduce/share the burden 承受/擔負/減輕/
減少/分擔重擔
the burden of sth. ……的重擔
a burden on/ to sb. 加給某人的重擔
become a burden to sb. 成為某人的負擔
burden sb./ oneself with sth../be burdened with sth. 給某人
以……重擔
【典型例句】
People on high incomes face a huge tax burden.
高收入的人面對著要繳納的巨額稅款的重擔。
[朗文當代]
Buying a house often places a large financial burden on young
couples.
買房子往往會讓年輕夫婦背上沉重的經濟負擔。
[劍橋高階]
I will not burden you with a lengthy account of what happened.
我不想將事情的經過詳加敘述，免得給你增加負擔。[朗文當代]
翻譯句子
③男人們說他們愿意分擔家務活的重擔。
3．resign
vt. & vi.辭職；辭去(工作、職位等)
【精講拓展】
resign from 辭去……職務
resign as 辭職
resign sb. to 把某人托交給……
resign oneself to (doing) sth. 聽從……，順從……(to為介詞)
resign one’s post/ position 辭去職務
resign n．辭職(書)，辭呈；放棄
Men say they are willing to share the burden of domestic work.
【典型例句】
She resigned from the committee/ resigned as a member of the
committee.
她辭去了委員會的職務。
[朗文當代]
He resigned his post because he had been offered a better job.
他辭職了，因為他有了更好的工作。
[朗文當代]
She resigned as director.她辭去了董事職務。
[劍橋高階]
即學即用
翻譯句子
④他似乎相當聽天由命。
_______________________________________________
⑤他遞交了辭職書。
________________________________________________
He seems quite resigned to his fate.
He handed/sent in his resign.
4．undertake vt. 著手做，從事，進行；擔任，承擔，許諾
【精講拓展】
undertake sth. 承擔某事
undertake to do sth. 許諾做某事，同意做某事
undertake that... 保證……
undertake for... 為……負責
警示誤區：undertake sb. that... 這一結構不正確，只可用undertake to do/that從句。
【典型例句】
She undertook responsibility for the changes.
她承擔了作出這些改變的責任。
The Channel Tunnel is one of the biggest engineering projects
ever undertaken.
海峽隧道是人們迄今所承建的最大的工程之一。
He undertook to pay the money back within six months.
他保證六個月之內還錢。
The government undertook that the buildings would not be
redeveloped.
政府承諾不會改造這些大樓。
[劍橋高階]
即學即用
⑥The boss ________ to pay ________ the rest of my salary the
next month.
A．undertook；for
B．admitted；off
C．undertook；off
D．admitted；for
解析：undertake to do sth.答應/承諾干某事；admit ＋ n．/
doing 承認……；pay off 償清，還清； pay for 付錢
(買……)，由句意知C正確。
答案：C
⑦The forty-storey building is one of the most challenging
engineering projects they have ________.
A．undergone
B．overtaken
C．understood
D．undertaken
解析：undergo“經歷、遭受(不好的體驗)”overtake趕上，超
過；understand理解；undertake從事，承擔。
答案：D
5．sentence vi.& n．宣判，判決；句子
【精講拓展】
sentence sb. to sth. 給某人判……刑，宣判某人……罪刑(常用
被動語態)
be sentenced to death/life imprisonment /three years in prison
被判處死刑/ 終身監禁/ 三年徒刑
serve a sentence 服刑
a death/life sentence 死刑/無期徒刑
pass/pronounce /give sentence on sb. 給某人判刑
sententious adj. 多格言警句的，說教的
警示誤區：sentence最常見的意思是“句子”；sentence 當“判決，宣判，判刑”講時既是名詞， 也可作動詞，常用被動語態。
【典型例句】
He received a heavy/light sentence.他受到重/輕判。
When the jury has given its verdict，the judge will
pass/pronounce sentence(on him)．
陪審團做出裁定之后，法官便宣布(對他的)判決。
The death sentence has been abolished in Britain，and now you
get a life sentence for murder.
在英國死刑已被廢除，現在謀殺罪會被判處無期徒刑。
The judge sentenced the drug dealer to twenty years in prison.
法官判決這名毒販20年監禁。
[美國傳統]
即學即用
翻譯句子
⑧犯人已服刑期滿，明天將獲釋。
_____________________________________________________
⑨他被判六年徒刑。(用sentence的名詞形式)
_____________________________________________________
The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.
He received a six-year sentence.
1．come into being 形成；存在
【精講拓展】
come into effect 生效，實施
come into use 開始使用
come into contact 聯系
come into existence 形成
come into force 生效，實施
come into sight 看見
【典型例句】
The society first came into being in 1912.于1912年成立的協會。
The new tax rates will come into effect from April.新稅率將從4
月生效。
即學即用
⑩ Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，
long before humans ________.
A．came into being
B．came into contact
C．came into force
D．came into sight
解析：考查動詞短語辨析，A項意為“形成，存在”；B項意為
“聯系”；C項意為“生效”；D意為“看見”。句意為：在人類存
在幾千年以前，恐龍就生活在地球上。
答案：A
2．knock into sb.撞上某人，偶然遇上某人
【精講拓展】
knock out sb. 打暈某人
knock back 使震驚，使大吃一驚
knock down 擊倒，撞倒；擊落
knock off 把……打掉；停止做某事
knock at 敲……
【典型例句】
The news of her death really knocked him back.
她去世的消息著實讓他大吃一驚。
[朗文當代]
He was knocked down by a drunk driver.
他被一名醉漢開車撞倒。
[朗文當代]
I knocked into an old friend of mine in the park.
我在公園里碰見一位老朋友。
[朗文當代]
Let’s knock off work for today.
我們今天就干到這兒吧。
[美國傳統]
即學即用
?Lost in thought，he almost ________ a man who carried a
heavy box.
A．knocked down
B．knocked out
C．knocked back
D．knocked into
解析：考查動詞短語辨析。knocked down “擊倒”
knocked
out “打暈”；knocked back“使大吃一驚”；
knocked into“撞
上”，句意為：由于走神，他差一點撞上一個扛著重箱的人。
答案：D
3．wind sb. up 故意惹惱某人(尤指開玩笑)
【精講拓展】
wind sth. up 結束，關閉(公司、企業等)，停止營業
wind sth. up ＋adj. /adv./ prep./ v．-ing “意外地”以……告
終，落個(……的下場)
wind one’s way 蜿蜒曲折而行
警示誤區：wind 作“卷，繞，搖”等含義時，其讀音為/waind/其過去式，過去分詞為wound/waund/wound/waund/。
【典型例句】
We wound up the meeting with a vote of thanks to the
chairman.
我們以鼓掌向主席致謝結束會議。
[朗文當代]
My watch was running slow，so I wound up being late.
我的表慢了，結果我就遲到了。
[美國傳統]
You’ll wind up in hospital if you drive so fast.
你開車這么快，最后會落得個進醫院的下場。 [朗文當代]
Don’t take any notice—she’s just trying to wind you up.
別在意，她只是在逗弄你。
[朗文當代]
The clock’s stopped；you’d better wind it (up)．鐘停了，你
最好上上發條。
[朗文當代]
即學即用
?We eventually ________ staying in a little hotel a few miles
from the town.
A．winded up
B．wound up
C．gave up
D．put up
解析：考查動詞詞組意義辨析。句意為：我們最終在離城幾英
里的一家小旅店里落腳。wind up “以……告終/終結”，后可以
跟adj. /adv. /v.-ing等，wind 表示此義時，過去式應為wound；
give up doing意為“放棄做某事”；put up雖有“投宿，在……過
夜”之意，但常用 put up at a hotel“在旅館過夜”。或put sb.
up“為某人提供住宿，留某人住在家中”。因此只有B符合語境
和用法，且拼寫形式正確。
答案：B
4．show off 炫耀，賣弄
【精講拓展】
show sb. around/round (首次訪問某地)作某人的向導，帶某人參觀
show up (使) 顯眼，(使)顯現
show sb./sth. up 揭發……
(sb.) show up(某人)如約趕到，出現，露面(＝turn up )；揭發某人
show the way樹立典范，做出榜樣
警示誤區：show off既可作及物動詞詞組，也可作不及物動詞詞組。
She wanted to show off her new husband at the party.她想在聚會上炫耀自己的新婚丈夫。
He’s just showing off because that girl he likes is here.
他不過是在表現自己，因為他喜歡的那個姑娘在場。
【典型例句】
I wish you’d stop showing off—we all know how clever you are!
我希望你不要再炫耀自己了——我們全都知道你是多么聰明！
[朗文當代]
I waited half an hour，but they never showed up.
我等了半個小 時，但他們一直沒來。
[美國傳統]
The cracks in the wall show up in the sunlight；the sunlight
shows them up.
墻上的裂縫在陽光下很顯眼；陽光使墻上的裂縫顯現出來。
[朗文當代]
With its low-cost home computers，the company has shown the
way (into this very profitable market)．這家公司以價格低廉的家
用電腦闖出了一條路子(打進了利潤可觀的市場)。
[朗文當代]
即學即用
?Before you start work，I’ll show you ________ the building so
that you can meet everyone.
A．off
B．out
C．around
D．up
解析：考查show動詞詞組辨析。 句意為：在你開始上班之前，
我來帶你到樓里各處看看，好讓你和大家見見面。此處為“帶某
人參觀、 到處轉轉”之意，應用show sb. around。show off“炫
耀，賣弄”；show sb. out“帶某人出去”； show sb. up“揭發某人”。
答案：C
? He couldn’t wait to ________ his new car to his friends.
A．show up
B. show off
C．show around
D. show out
解析：考查show動詞詞組辨析。句意為：他迫不急待地在朋
友面前炫耀他的新車。show up sth./ show sth. up “使某物顯
眼、顯現，揭發某事”；show off“炫耀，使引人注目”； show
over“帶某人參觀某處”； “ show sb. out”帶某人出去。
答案：B
5 . break into闖入
【精講拓展】
