2024高考英語(yǔ)備考復(fù)習(xí)：動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　1 (2011全國(guó)卷,26) I can

　　the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.

　　A. come up with

　　B.put up with

　　C. turn to

　　D.stick to

　　【解析】B。考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“房子里東西凌亂討厭come up with想出, 提出put up with ?忍受, 容忍turn to轉(zhuǎn)向翻書到求助于(使)變成stick to堅(jiān)持緊跟粘住忠于不整潔的;凌亂的34）William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to

　　.

　　A.disappear

　　B.fall

　　C.fail

　　D.damage

　　【解析】C。考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。disappear消失，不復(fù)存在；fall降落跌倒降低fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱damage損害, 毀壞, 加害于William 發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來(lái)越困難了，因?yàn)樗囊暳﹂_(kāi)始衰退increasingly difficult越來(lái)越困難”是個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，故選C。

　　3（2011全國(guó)卷II,10）Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.

　　A. told

　　B. reminded

　　C. warned

　　D. advised

　　【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“瑪麗，我已經(jīng)提醒約翰注意他幫助你的承諾了。”remind… of…?就…提醒(某人)使(某人)想起…warn含有警告的意思。

　　4（2011天津卷summer vacation.

　　A.borrowed

　　B.opened

　　C.entered

　　D.ordered

　　【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“暑假兼職打工掙了1000美元后，我在銀行開(kāi)了帳戶。”open a bank account在銀行開(kāi)帳戶。

　　5（2011江蘇卷28）——Are you still mad at her?

　　——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.

　　A．deny

　　B．refuse

　　C．reject

　　D．decline不見(jiàn)得我不否認(rèn)deny否認(rèn)，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒絕的意思。not deny無(wú)法否認(rèn)。故選A。

　　6 （2011福建卷28）I’d prefer to

　　my judgement until I find all the evidence.

　　A.show

　　B. express

　　C.pass

　　D.reserve

　　【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“我寧愿保留我的判斷直到我發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的證據(jù)。”reserve預(yù)訂或保留(座位、住處等)?推遲留到以后until相一致。

　　7 （2011安徽卷As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.

　　A. begins

　　B. happens

　　C. ends

　　D. develops

　　【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“隨著故事的展開(kāi)，這個(gè)神秘?cái)?shù)字的真相漸漸地被解開(kāi)了develop開(kāi)發(fā), 發(fā)展把(主題或情節(jié))逐步展現(xiàn)出來(lái)2011湖北卷26）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also________ our thinking.

　　A. direct

　　B. limit

　　C. change

　　D. improve

　　【解析】B考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“如果我們想要獲得成功，知識(shí)和學(xué)習(xí)很重要。但是它們或許會(huì)限制我們的思維。”direct指示, 指引導(dǎo)演（戲劇或電影）；指揮（管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)）limit限制；change改變；improve改進(jìn)，改善。根據(jù)句中but的轉(zhuǎn)折選B。

　　9 （2011湖北卷27）The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”

　　A. negotiate

　　B. quarrel

　　C. argue

　　D. consult

　　【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。negotiate談判；quarrel吵架，argue辯論，爭(zhēng)辯consult商議,咨詢2011湖北卷28）Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate

　　B. strenghten

　　C. approve

　　D. accumulate

　　【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“不斷增加的臨床證據(jù)表明：比起原先從動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中所得到的預(yù)計(jì)，這些新藥具有更加廣泛有用性。”operate手術(shù)，操作；strenghten加強(qiáng)；approve贊成；accumulate積累，（數(shù)量）逐漸增加2011湖北卷29）The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.

　　A. take down

　　B. bring down

　　C.

　　hand down

　　D. tear down

　　【解析】B考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“政府已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)降低日常生活用品的價(jià)格以保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。”take down拆卸記錄記下bring down?使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕?擊敗降(價(jià))hand down把…傳遞下來(lái)遺留; 流傳tear down拆毀; 拆卸2011遼寧卷22）What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're

　　to be asleep.

　　A. supposed

　　B. known

　　C. thought

　　D. considered

　　【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“Tom，你不睡覺(jué)做什么？你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該睡覺(jué)。”out of bed未上床起床be supposed to do應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該。

　　13（2011遼寧卷24）You are old enough to

　　your own living.

　　A.win

　　B. gain

　　C. take

　　D. earn

　　【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“你長(zhǎng)大了，可以自謀生路了。”earn one’s living 謀生，固定搭配。

　　14

　　(2011遼寧卷26) The exam results will be

　　on Friday afternoon.

　　A. put down

　　B. put off

　　C. put up

　　D. put away

　　【解析】C考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“考試結(jié)果將在星期五下午公布。”put down放下平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓記下put off推遲；put up舉起建立張貼投宿put away放好儲(chǔ)存拋棄2011天津卷take after 長(zhǎng)得像性格類似于效仿穿過(guò), 越過(guò)偶然遇見(jiàn)2011山東卷橋梁打開(kāi)（水、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等）(使)感興趣; (使)興奮算出，實(shí)現(xiàn)橋梁卷30）——You look upset. What’s the matter？

　　I had my proposal _______ again.

　　A．turned over

　　B．turned on

　　C．turned off

　　D．turned downturn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)把……移交turn on打開(kāi)（水、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等）(使)感興趣; (使)興奮turn off關(guān)掉（電器、水龍頭等）使厭煩turn down關(guān)小（音量等）拒絕2011福建卷31）Born into a family with three brothers, David was

　　to value the sense of sharing.

　　A.brought up

　　B.turned down

　　C.looked after

　　D.held back

　　【解析】A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“出身在一個(gè)三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重與人分享的教育。”bring up教育養(yǎng)育(孩子)嘔吐(食物)turn down關(guān)小（音量等）拒絕look after照顧；hold back阻礙抑制隱瞞2011安徽卷 34）If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

　　A. come across

　　B. care about

　　C. look for

　　D. focus upon

　　【解析】A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)。”come across偶然遇到；care about關(guān)心，在乎；look for尋找；focus upon專注于。

　　20 (2011浙江卷,6) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to

　　__________it,

　　A. make the best of

　　B. get away from

　　C. keep an eye on

　　D. catch up with

　　【解析】A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“這所學(xué)校并不是我原來(lái)真正想去的，但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用盡量好好去做get away from逃離keep an eye on照看,留心; 注意catch up with追上趕上12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.

　　A. putting down

　　B. putting off

　　C. putting on

　　D. putting up

　　【解析】D考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿。”put down放下平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓記下put off推遲；put on穿上戴上上演假裝增加put up舉起建立張貼投宿2011四川卷7) To get a better grade, you should ______the notes again before the test.

　　A. go over

　　B. get over

　　C. turn over

　　D. take over

　　【解析】A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“為了獲得好成績(jī)，你應(yīng)該在考試前好好復(fù)習(xí)這些筆記。”go over審查復(fù)習(xí)重溫從頭到尾檢查一遍get over越過(guò)完成克服(困難)從(疾病、失望、震驚等)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)turn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)把……移交take over接管; 接替2011四川卷14）I often

　　the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.

　　A.look up

　　B.look at

　　C. look for

　　D.look into

　　【解析】A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“我經(jīng)常在字典里或網(wǎng)上查我所不懂的單詞。”look up查（單詞、電話號(hào)碼等）；look at看注視(某人或某物)look for尋找；look into深入地檢查研究調(diào)查2011陜西卷25）Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.

　　A. take in

　　B. take off

　　C. take on

　　D. take out

　　【解析】C考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。take in吸收，欺騙；take off拿走, 取下脫去起飛take on承擔(dān)呈現(xiàn)雇用take out把…帶出去清除, 除掉體色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似2011江西卷35) You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ____ as you expect.

　　A.run out

　　B.break out

　　C.work out

　　D. put out.

　　【解析】C考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。run out 耗盡break out 打破work out 算出，實(shí)現(xiàn)put out 撲滅。句意為“你一切。事情常常不會(huì)像你期待的那樣實(shí)現(xiàn)”選C。 The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”

　　A. carried

　　B. delivered

　　C. pressed

　　D. packed

　　【解析】D動(dòng)詞詞義辨析句意：工人們把玻璃制品包裝好并且每個(gè)盒子上標(biāo)記上 “此面向上”。 選項(xiàng)為四個(gè)意思上毫無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)的動(dòng)詞, 此題考查動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析。arry 譯為搬運(yùn), deliver譯為遞送, press譯為按, 壓, pack譯為打包。’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s_____ it.

　　A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to

　　【解析】C動(dòng)詞詞組辨析A. keep up with 保持廢除, 去掉；著手處理盼望, 期待– In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.

　　--I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two

　　.

　　A. linked

　　B. related

　　C. connected

　　D. combined

　　【解析】D動(dòng)詞詞義辨析A.; 聯(lián)系在一起；將人或物連接或聯(lián)系起來(lái)； 與…有某種聯(lián)系 連接, 連結(jié)； 使聯(lián)合, 使結(jié)合；Looking up to

　　D. looking down upon

　　【解析】C本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。getting rid of意為 “擺脫；去除”； getting along with意為 “與……相處；進(jìn)展”； Looking up to意為 “尊敬；敬仰”； looking down upon意為 “看不起；輕視”。句意為 “你無(wú)論認(rèn)為自己怎樣低下, 總希望有個(gè)高尚的人來(lái)尊敬你。”

　　31（10安徽）----How did you like Nick’s performance last night?

　　----To be honest, his singing didn’t _______to me much

　　A. appeal

　　B . belong

　　C

　　refer

　　D. occur

　　【解析】A本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。appeal to 意為 “吸引”；belong to意為 “屬于”；refer to意為 “提到；涉及”；occur to意為 “突然想到”。 句意為 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。”

　　32（10江西）Parents _______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.

　　A attach

　　B pay

　　C link

　　D apply

　　【解析】A考查動(dòng)詞詞組attach importance to 關(guān)注.Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ______ sweet dreams.

　　A keep up with

　　B put up with

　　C end up with

　　D catch up with

　　【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞詞組keep up with 保持, put up with 忍受, end up with 以 為結(jié)束 catch up with 趕上。Sam ____some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.

　　A. brought up

　　B. looked up

　　C. picked up

　　D. set up

　　【解析】C本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義辨析。句意應(yīng)為 “山姆只是憑借看別人操作電腦就學(xué)到了一些電腦知識(shí)。”表示 “學(xué)會(huì)”用pick up; pick up另外還有 “撿起; 順車接送,搭載；收拾, 整理；重新開(kāi)始；獲得”等義；bring up 表示 “撫養(yǎng), 教育；提出；嘔吐”；look up 表示 “向上看；(形勢(shì))好轉(zhuǎn), 改善；查閱”；set up表示 “建立, 設(shè)置；造成, 產(chǎn)生”。

　　35（10山東）Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?

　　A. manage

　　B. serve

　　C. adapt

　　D. construct

　　【解析】A本題考查動(dòng)詞在具體語(yǔ)境中的使用。句意應(yīng)為 “你家里總是那么整潔-----家里有三個(gè)孩子, 你是怎么設(shè)法做到的?” 表示 “設(shè)法做成某事”用manage it。serve表示 “為……服務(wù)；接待”；adapt表示 “使適應(yīng), 使適合”；construct表示 “建造, 構(gòu)筑；構(gòu)思”。

　　36（10天津）Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and

　　as a manager.

　　A. ended up

　　B. dropped out

　　C. came back

　　D. started off

　　【解析】A考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：作為一名職員加入公司, 他很快得到提升, 最后當(dāng)上了經(jīng)理。ended up as 作為……而結(jié)束的意思；dropped out是 “退出, 退學(xué)”的意思；came back是 “回來(lái)”的意思；started off是 “動(dòng)身, 出發(fā)”的意思。只有A項(xiàng)符合題意。

　　37（10天津）He telephoned the travel agency to

　　three air tickets to London.

　　A. order

　　B. arrange

　　C. take

　　D. book

　　【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞意義。句意：他打電話給旅行社預(yù)定三張去倫敦的機(jī)票。book和tickets搭配, 是“訂票”的意思。

　　38（10四川）Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what

　　nice.

　　A. looks

　　B. smells

　　C. feels

　　D. tastes

　　【解析】A考查系動(dòng)詞辨析。與上句中的eat with their eyes相對(duì), 后句應(yīng)該為點(diǎn)看起來(lái)很好吃的東西。故正確答案為A。

　　39（10四川）Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man

　　and left．

　　A．took up

　　B．got up

　　C．shut up

　　D．set up“起床, 起立”。句意為 “Jenny正在找一個(gè)座位, 正在那時(shí), 很幸運(yùn)地, 一個(gè)人站起來(lái)離開(kāi)了。”故選B。take up “從事, 占據(jù)時(shí)間或空間”； shut up “閉嘴”； set up“建造, 搭起”。

　　40（10江蘇）Thousands of foreigners were______ to

　　the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.

　　A. attended

　　B. attained

　　C. attracted

　　D. attached

　　【解析】C考查動(dòng)詞意義。表示成千上萬(wàn)的外賓被吸引來(lái)參加上海的世博會(huì)。The experiment has_________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.

　　A. found out

　　B. pointed out

　　C. ruled out