高考英語復(fù)習(xí)完形填空：專題訓(xùn)練4七大實(shí)用解題技巧（湖南專用）
完形填空專題訓(xùn)練（湖南）4七大實(shí)用解題技巧
完形填空通常首句不設(shè)空，目的是讓考生迅速進(jìn)入主題，熟悉語言環(huán)境，建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。英語中首句通常是文章的主題句，把握了主旨句對(duì)于理解全文和解題很有幫助。
Ⅰ. 技巧一：首句信息
例1：(2011·廣東卷)
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children.
1. A. principle
B. theory
C. argument
D. classification
2. A. designing
B. grouping
C. learning
D. living
3. A. smart
B. curious
C. mature
D. average
例2：(2011·北京卷)
I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn't like attention drawn to myself. And __36__ otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher, I always __37__ to sit at the back of the classroom.
36. A. as
B. until
C. unless
D. though
37. A. hoped
B. agreed
C. meant
D. chose
完形填空主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)語境的理解。所以學(xué)生在做題時(shí)要有全局觀念，進(jìn)行連貫性思維，做題時(shí)要把每個(gè)空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處通常前后多有暗示。這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。
一般來說，完形填空的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)形式完全相同，如都是動(dòng)詞原形、副詞、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們之間在意義上和搭配上的細(xì)微差異，形義兼顧。同時(shí)，一定要把這些選項(xiàng)放到特定的語境里進(jìn)行區(qū)分、判斷，從而選出正確答案。
Ⅱ. 技巧二：暗示信息
例1：(2011·廣東卷)
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes…
I observed a number of __6__ children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a __7__ class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgement, … In regular class, having no worry about keeping up…
6. A. intelligent
B. competent
C. ordinary
D. independent
7. A. separate
B. regular
C. new
D. boring
例2：(2011·湖北卷)
In her second grade, Maja __31__ her cousin, Jasmina. After Jasmina's death, Maja swore…
31.
A. lost
B. visited
C. rescued
D. left
語篇一般指比句子長(zhǎng)的語言單位，如句群、段落、篇章等。語篇與語篇之間往往有表明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語，這些詞語被稱為“語篇標(biāo)志”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的語篇標(biāo)志語有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有thus, therefore, so等；表示改變?cè)掝}的語篇標(biāo)志語有by the way等；表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有besides, what's more, further等；表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的有but, while, on the other hand, although等。
Ⅲ. 技巧三：邏輯關(guān)系
在做完形填空時(shí)，如果能充分利用這些語篇標(biāo)志語，就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。
Ⅲ. 技巧三：邏輯關(guān)系
例1：(2011·湖北卷)
…but because it didn't fit well, walking for Maja was painful. __40__， she managed to graduate from a local high school.
40. A. Otherwise
B. Therefore
C. Besides
D. However
例2：(2011·陜西卷)
…He was still travelling quickly, but his wagons, __43__ the gold and valuables they had been carrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of __45__.
He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
43. A. except
B. instead of
C. apart from
D. along with
45. A. food
B. jewels
C. money
D. seeds
完形填空試題中，某一詞語常常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的語用意義是使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整和有機(jī)的意義整體。在閱讀文章過程中，有時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些與選項(xiàng)意義緊密相連的同義詞或近義詞。因此要學(xué)會(huì)充分利用這些詞提供的有效信息合理地推測(cè)判斷，選出正確答案。
Ⅳ. 技巧四：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)
(2011·江蘇卷)
…__39__ as high as he could, but even at his tallest __40__ he was unable to touch it. … at the top of each jump stretching his arms to …
39. A. expanding
B. stretching
C. swinging
D. pulling
40. A. strength
B. length
C. range
D. height
完形填空專題訓(xùn)練（湖南）4七大實(shí)用解題技巧
完形填空通常首句不設(shè)空，目的是讓考生迅速進(jìn)入主題，熟悉語言環(huán)境，建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。英語中首句通常是文章的主題句，把握了主旨句對(duì)于理解全文和解題很有幫助。
Ⅰ. 技巧一：首句信息
例1：(2011·廣東卷)
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children.
1. A. principle
B. theory
C. argument
D. classification
2. A. designing
B. grouping
C. learning
D. living
3. A. smart
B. curious
C. mature
D. average
例2：(2011·北京卷)
I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn't like attention drawn to myself. And __36__ otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher, I always __37__ to sit at the back of the classroom.
36. A. as
B. until
C. unless
D. though
37. A. hoped
B. agreed
C. meant
D. chose
完形填空主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)語境的理解。所以學(xué)生在做題時(shí)要有全局觀念，進(jìn)行連貫性思維，做題時(shí)要把每個(gè)空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處通常前后多有暗示。這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。
一般來說，完形填空的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)形式完全相同，如都是動(dòng)詞原形、副詞、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們之間在意義上和搭配上的細(xì)微差異，形義兼顧。同時(shí)，一定要把這些選項(xiàng)放到特定的語境里進(jìn)行區(qū)分、判斷，從而選出正確答案。
Ⅱ. 技巧二：暗示信息
例1：(2011·廣東卷)
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes…
I observed a number of __6__ children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a __7__ class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgement, … In regular class, having no worry about keeping up…
6. A. intelligent
B. competent
C. ordinary
D. independent
7. A. separate
B. regular
C. new
D. boring
例2：(2011·湖北卷)
In her second grade, Maja __31__ her cousin, Jasmina. After Jasmina's death, Maja swore…
31.
A. lost
B. visited
C. rescued
D. left
語篇一般指比句子長(zhǎng)的語言單位，如句群、段落、篇章等。語篇與語篇之間往往有表明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語，這些詞語被稱為“語篇標(biāo)志”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的語篇標(biāo)志語有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有thus, therefore, so等；表示改變?cè)掝}的語篇標(biāo)志語有by the way等；表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有besides, what's more, further等；表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的有but, while, on the other hand, although等。
Ⅲ. 技巧三：邏輯關(guān)系
在做完形填空時(shí)，如果能充分利用這些語篇標(biāo)志語，就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。
Ⅲ. 技巧三：邏輯關(guān)系
例1：(2011·湖北卷)
…but because it didn't fit well, walking for Maja was painful. __40__， she managed to graduate from a local high school.
40. A. Otherwise
B. Therefore
C. Besides
D. However
例2：(2011·陜西卷)
…He was still travelling quickly, but his wagons, __43__ the gold and valuables they had been carrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of __45__.
He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
43. A. except
B. instead of
C. apart from
D. along with
45. A. food
B. jewels
C. money
D. seeds
完形填空試題中，某一詞語常常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的語用意義是使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整和有機(jī)的意義整體。在閱讀文章過程中，有時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些與選項(xiàng)意義緊密相連的同義詞或近義詞。因此要學(xué)會(huì)充分利用這些詞提供的有效信息合理地推測(cè)判斷，選出正確答案。
Ⅳ. 技巧四：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)
(2011·江蘇卷)
…__39__ as high as he could, but even at his tallest __40__ he was unable to touch it. … at the top of each jump stretching his arms to …
39. A. expanding
B. stretching
C. swinging
D. pulling
40. A. strength
B. length
C. range
D. height
