【新人教版】（廣東專版）高三英語一輪復習同步精練（附解析）：選修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity（附解析）
選修8
Unit 1 A land of diversity
Ⅰ. 完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
The other day I was invited to a friend’s house for supper—and had a meal I have never had before.
All the friends invited were a little __1__.It’s not that Ben is unsociable，or a bad cook，but it’s just that he never __2__ more than he has to.So how come he was inviting us round for a meal？Had he bought something __3__ for his friends？He greeted us at the door and showed us into his dining room where a __4__ table was waiting for us.“Nothing but the __5__ for my friends！” said Ben.We all sat down and looked __6__ at each other—what was he up to?
Ben returned with four bowls of hot soup.“It’s a __7__ of carrots，potatoes and tomatoes，” said Ben.The next __8__ was also a little strange in that we didn’t quite know what it was again.It’s just another mixture of vegetable.
As we ate we chatted and finally the __9__ turned back to what we were eating.“Was there a recipe(食譜)for this，”asked Marina，“or did you __10__ it up？”Ben put his fork down.“What I cooked __11__ what I could find.”Marina was surprised.“But you can find anything in supermarkets these days.”“But there’s __12__ choice in what you can find outside supermarkets，” he replied.
__13__ that we had all finished the food，Ben decided to tell the truth.He had read recently that supermarkets usually throw away 5 percent of their food every day.So Ben decided to look inside his local supermarket bins.There he found food that was slightly out of __14__，boxes of throw-away vegetables and fruit.
So Ben had successfully provided a decent meal for his friends，and made us away of the fact that there are many poor people who need the food，but the amount of food thrown away in enough to __15__ millions of people.
【解題導語】 本文講的是作者去參加朋友給他們準備的只有素菜沒有大魚大肉簡樸的晚宴，其朋友用心良苦，旨在告誡人們要節約和環保。
1． A．excited
B．disappointed
C．surprised
D．delighted
解析：從下文的“... he never spends more than he has to”這一通常的行為可推知Ben這次邀請這么多朋友讓人吃驚。
答案：C
2．A.takes
B．spends
C．uses
D．does
解析：結合上下文可以推出Ben一般情況下是不請朋友吃飯的。
答案：B
3．A.cheap
B．special
C．practical
D．usual
解析：作者不明白為什么這次Ben會有這樣的舉動，因此猜測可能是什么特別的東西。
答案：B
4．A.new
B．separate
C．booked
D．laid
解析：桌子已經擺放好，表示Ben已經為此作了一些準備，符合招待客人的語言情景。
答案：D
5．A.freshest
B．most
C．best
D．least
解析：nothing but后面應該取有褒義的詞，best在此才能描述Ben要給朋友提供的食物的特征。
答案：C
6．A.nervously
B．carefully
C．sadly
D．happily
解析：由于Ben把這件事搞得很神秘，從而給他們帶來緊張感。
答案：A
7．A.mixture
B．liquid
C．matter
D．dish
解析：從下文的“of carrots，potatoes，and tomatoes”，可推出Ben給朋友們的是一碗多種蔬菜混合在一起的混合食物。
答案：A
8．A.course
B．food
C．soup
D．salad
解析：course在此表示一道菜。
答案：A
9．A.dinner
B．idea
C．food
D．subject
解析：從聊天再把話題轉移到當時所吃的食物上來，非常符合語言情景。
答案：D
10．A.pick
B．look
C．make
D．take
解析：make up有“編造”的意思，同上文的“Was there a recipe for this”形成對照。
答案：C
11．A.referred to
B．depended on
C．lay in
D．resulted from
解析：承上文，Ben對自己所做的食物作解釋。由下文可推知，他只是用他所能find的東西做成剛才的食物，而沒有什么特別的東西。
答案：B
12．A.less
B．more
C．some
D．any
解析：同上文的anything形成對照。
答案：A
13．A.Feeling
B．Seeing
C．Realizing
D．Thinking
解析：由于已經達到目的，便告訴朋友真相——剛才自己所做的食物的材料來源是每天被丟在超市外的bin中的東西。
答案：B
14．A.order
B．place
C．season
D．date
解析：過期的東西才最有可能被扔掉。
答案：D
15．A.enrich
B．please
C．affect
D．feed
解析：在此點題，說明Ben的真實用意所在。
答案：D
Ⅱ. 詞匯運用
1．We express ourselves ________(用詞語)．
2．In the team，young people ________(占多數)．
3．The company can only supply ________(我們所需的百分之二十)．
4．Oil doesn’t ________(和水混合)．
5．We’ll try our best to achieve ________(種族的) harmony.
6．He ________(已經申請了這份工作)．
7．He is devoted to studying ________(社會主義) principles.
8．Many accidents ________(發生在家里)．
9．________(研究表明) that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.
10．Her anxiety ________(大家都看得出)．
11．We ________(租了一輛汽車去旅行)．
答案：1.by means of words 2.are in the majority 3.20 percent of what we need 4.mix with water
5．racial 6.has applied for the job 7.socialist 8.occured in the home 9.Research indicates
10．was apparent to us 11.hired a car to travel
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A friend asks me “Why don’t Chinese go Dutch？” So I want to regard this question as the topic and write an article. As everyone knows，westerners will go Dutch while having a meal in the restaurant. But Chinese don’t go Dutch. Chinese will pay the bill and check out generously. Westerners don’t often entertain guests；but Chinese often invite friends to dinner. A lot of westerners feel puzzled to this question.
Why does there exist such a difference? First of all，food systems between China and West are different. Chinese put into practice Gather Dining System；westerners put into practice Individual Dining System. Everybody can share the delicious food of all over the table when eating Chinese food. Please note it is sharing，but westerners just eat the food in one’s own plate. If you eat beef and he eats chicken，it is impossible that you taste the flavor of his chicken. The result of the Individual Dining System is that you can only eat the food in your plate.
So to eat Chinese food is happier than to eat Western-style food. And I want to ask you a question. Do you like the free thing? I think nobody doesn’t like the free thing. OK! Suppose I invite you to eat the delicious Chinese food，then I pay the bill. This is equivalent to that you have enjoyed a delicious Chinese food free. So you will be very glad. It will strengthen the relation between us in the happy atmosphere.
Secondly，westerners eat for the health；Chinese eat for the friendship. Westerners advocate individualism and independence is strong. So westerners express that respect for each other’s independence through the way go Dutch. Chinese like making friends and solidarity. Chinese value the interpersonal relationships and the friendship very much.
Third，it is only simple “Have a meal！” for westerners to entertain guests. Unlike the purpose and the means that Chinese entertain guests，in Americans’ idea，“Have a meal” definition is to add fuel to the body for keeping health and normal life activity. That is to say，there is not any additional value. In the Chinese idea，“Have a meal” not only is a kind of life enjoyment，but also is the means to promote friendship between the friends. After enjoying the sumptuous delicious food，you are glad，and I am glad，too. The friendship between the friends has been strengthened in this kind of atmosphere.
【文章大意】 在西方國家，人們吃飯總是各付各的錢，而在中國則不一樣，本文主要分析這種產生現象的原因。
1．What does “go Dutch” mean?
A．They will pay for the meal separately.
B．Either part will pay for the meal.
C．They will go to Dutch for a meal.
D．They can enjoy a meal free of charge.
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章的第一段的第三、四、五句可知。難度適中。
答案：A
2．The differences between Western and Chinese Dinning System lie in the following aspects EXCEPT ________.
A．individual and gathering
B．the purpose for health and for the friendship
C．health maintenance and life enjoyment
D．opposition and dependence
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第二段可知A項正確；根據第三、四段可知B、C兩項正確；只有D項不對，所以選擇D項。難度適中。
答案：D
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Westerners will share the food in their plates with each other.
B．Chinese would like the free meal so they never pay the bill.
C．Westerners don’t value the friendship so they never pay the meal for others.
D．Chinese attitudes towards the meal seem more complicated than westerners’.
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知，西方人是為了健康價值，而在中國，不但是為了健康，而且為了生活娛樂和增進友誼。可見，中國對于meals的態度要比西方人的態度要復雜一點。故選D。難度適中。
答案：D
4．The underlined word “means” in the fifth paragraph refers to ________.
A．the definition of “Have a meal！”
B．the way of strengthening the friendship
C．the meaning of a meal
D．the dinner set used for a meal
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章的第五段可知，中國人和美國人對于飲食不一樣的地方在于加強友誼這一點上，所以本題選擇B項。難度適中。
答案：B
5．The passage mainly analyzes the cause of ________.
A．the different cultures between the West and China
B．the various styles of food between the West and China
C．the ways of paying the bill between westerners and Chinese
D．all kinds of tastes of food from different countries
解析：主旨大意題。根據文章的第一段可知，第一段為本文的中心段。難度適中。
答案：C
Ⅳ.基礎寫作
2010上海世博會(Exposition 2010)將使中國成為世界的焦點；以其 “Better City，Better Life”的主題，必將吸引世人的目光。
【寫作內容】
請根據以下中文提綱，寫一篇短文介紹中國2010年上海世博會：
1．到2010年世界55%的人口將居住在城市，未來城市生活成為世界關注的對象；
2．作為首個以城市為主題的世博會，上海世博會將引人注目；
3．參展者將展示城市文明、交流城市發展的經驗并探尋城市可持續(sustainable)發展的途徑；
4．它將是探討21世紀城市生活的盛會。
【寫作要求】
只能使用5個句子表達全部內容。
【評分標準】
句子結構準確，信息內容完整，篇章結構連貫。
【參考范文】
Fifty-five percent of the world population is expected to live in cities by the year 2010.Therefore，the prospect of future urban life，a subject of global interest，concerns all nations，developed or less developed，and their people. Being the first World Exposition on the theme of city，Exposition 2010 will attract governments and people from across the world，focusing on the theme “Better City，Better Life.” During the exposition，participants will display urban civilization to the full extent，exchange their experience of urban development，and explore new approaches to the sustainable urban development. It is widely acknowledged that Expo 2010 Shanghai China will be a great event to explore the full potential of urban life in the 21st century.
選修8
Unit 1 A land of diversity
Ⅰ. 完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1～15各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
The other day I was invited to a friend’s house for supper—and had a meal I have never had before.
All the friends invited were a little __1__.It’s not that Ben is unsociable，or a bad cook，but it’s just that he never __2__ more than he has to.So how come he was inviting us round for a meal？Had he bought something __3__ for his friends？He greeted us at the door and showed us into his dining room where a __4__ table was waiting for us.“Nothing but the __5__ for my friends！” said Ben.We all sat down and looked __6__ at each other—what was he up to?
Ben returned with four bowls of hot soup.“It’s a __7__ of carrots，potatoes and tomatoes，” said Ben.The next __8__ was also a little strange in that we didn’t quite know what it was again.It’s just another mixture of vegetable.
As we ate we chatted and finally the __9__ turned back to what we were eating.“Was there a recipe(食譜)for this，”asked Marina，“or did you __10__ it up？”Ben put his fork down.“What I cooked __11__ what I could find.”Marina was surprised.“But you can find anything in supermarkets these days.”“But there’s __12__ choice in what you can find outside supermarkets，” he replied.
__13__ that we had all finished the food，Ben decided to tell the truth.He had read recently that supermarkets usually throw away 5 percent of their food every day.So Ben decided to look inside his local supermarket bins.There he found food that was slightly out of __14__，boxes of throw-away vegetables and fruit.
So Ben had successfully provided a decent meal for his friends，and made us away of the fact that there are many poor people who need the food，but the amount of food thrown away in enough to __15__ millions of people.
【解題導語】 本文講的是作者去參加朋友給他們準備的只有素菜沒有大魚大肉簡樸的晚宴，其朋友用心良苦，旨在告誡人們要節約和環保。
1． A．excited
B．disappointed
C．surprised
D．delighted
解析：從下文的“... he never spends more than he has to”這一通常的行為可推知Ben這次邀請這么多朋友讓人吃驚。
答案：C
2．A.takes
B．spends
C．uses
D．does
解析：結合上下文可以推出Ben一般情況下是不請朋友吃飯的。
答案：B
3．A.cheap
B．special
C．practical
D．usual
解析：作者不明白為什么這次Ben會有這樣的舉動，因此猜測可能是什么特別的東西。
答案：B
4．A.new
B．separate
C．booked
D．laid
解析：桌子已經擺放好，表示Ben已經為此作了一些準備，符合招待客人的語言情景。
答案：D
5．A.freshest
B．most
C．best
D．least
解析：nothing but后面應該取有褒義的詞，best在此才能描述Ben要給朋友提供的食物的特征。
答案：C
6．A.nervously
B．carefully
C．sadly
D．happily
解析：由于Ben把這件事搞得很神秘，從而給他們帶來緊張感。
答案：A
7．A.mixture
B．liquid
C．matter
D．dish
解析：從下文的“of carrots，potatoes，and tomatoes”，可推出Ben給朋友們的是一碗多種蔬菜混合在一起的混合食物。
答案：A
8．A.course
B．food
C．soup
D．salad
解析：course在此表示一道菜。
答案：A
9．A.dinner
B．idea
C．food
D．subject
解析：從聊天再把話題轉移到當時所吃的食物上來，非常符合語言情景。
答案：D
10．A.pick
B．look
C．make
D．take
解析：make up有“編造”的意思，同上文的“Was there a recipe for this”形成對照。
答案：C
11．A.referred to
B．depended on
C．lay in
D．resulted from
解析：承上文，Ben對自己所做的食物作解釋。由下文可推知，他只是用他所能find的東西做成剛才的食物，而沒有什么特別的東西。
答案：B
12．A.less
B．more
C．some
D．any
解析：同上文的anything形成對照。
答案：A
13．A.Feeling
B．Seeing
C．Realizing
D．Thinking
解析：由于已經達到目的，便告訴朋友真相——剛才自己所做的食物的材料來源是每天被丟在超市外的bin中的東西。
答案：B
14．A.order
B．place
C．season
D．date
解析：過期的東西才最有可能被扔掉。
答案：D
15．A.enrich
B．please
C．affect
D．feed
解析：在此點題，說明Ben的真實用意所在。
答案：D
Ⅱ. 詞匯運用
1．We express ourselves ________(用詞語)．
2．In the team，young people ________(占多數)．
3．The company can only supply ________(我們所需的百分之二十)．
4．Oil doesn’t ________(和水混合)．
5．We’ll try our best to achieve ________(種族的) harmony.
6．He ________(已經申請了這份工作)．
7．He is devoted to studying ________(社會主義) principles.
8．Many accidents ________(發生在家里)．
9．________(研究表明) that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.
10．Her anxiety ________(大家都看得出)．
11．We ________(租了一輛汽車去旅行)．
答案：1.by means of words 2.are in the majority 3.20 percent of what we need 4.mix with water
5．racial 6.has applied for the job 7.socialist 8.occured in the home 9.Research indicates
10．was apparent to us 11.hired a car to travel
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A friend asks me “Why don’t Chinese go Dutch？” So I want to regard this question as the topic and write an article. As everyone knows，westerners will go Dutch while having a meal in the restaurant. But Chinese don’t go Dutch. Chinese will pay the bill and check out generously. Westerners don’t often entertain guests；but Chinese often invite friends to dinner. A lot of westerners feel puzzled to this question.
Why does there exist such a difference? First of all，food systems between China and West are different. Chinese put into practice Gather Dining System；westerners put into practice Individual Dining System. Everybody can share the delicious food of all over the table when eating Chinese food. Please note it is sharing，but westerners just eat the food in one’s own plate. If you eat beef and he eats chicken，it is impossible that you taste the flavor of his chicken. The result of the Individual Dining System is that you can only eat the food in your plate.
So to eat Chinese food is happier than to eat Western-style food. And I want to ask you a question. Do you like the free thing? I think nobody doesn’t like the free thing. OK! Suppose I invite you to eat the delicious Chinese food，then I pay the bill. This is equivalent to that you have enjoyed a delicious Chinese food free. So you will be very glad. It will strengthen the relation between us in the happy atmosphere.
Secondly，westerners eat for the health；Chinese eat for the friendship. Westerners advocate individualism and independence is strong. So westerners express that respect for each other’s independence through the way go Dutch. Chinese like making friends and solidarity. Chinese value the interpersonal relationships and the friendship very much.
Third，it is only simple “Have a meal！” for westerners to entertain guests. Unlike the purpose and the means that Chinese entertain guests，in Americans’ idea，“Have a meal” definition is to add fuel to the body for keeping health and normal life activity. That is to say，there is not any additional value. In the Chinese idea，“Have a meal” not only is a kind of life enjoyment，but also is the means to promote friendship between the friends. After enjoying the sumptuous delicious food，you are glad，and I am glad，too. The friendship between the friends has been strengthened in this kind of atmosphere.
【文章大意】 在西方國家，人們吃飯總是各付各的錢，而在中國則不一樣，本文主要分析這種產生現象的原因。
1．What does “go Dutch” mean?
A．They will pay for the meal separately.
B．Either part will pay for the meal.
C．They will go to Dutch for a meal.
D．They can enjoy a meal free of charge.
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章的第一段的第三、四、五句可知。難度適中。
答案：A
2．The differences between Western and Chinese Dinning System lie in the following aspects EXCEPT ________.
A．individual and gathering
B．the purpose for health and for the friendship
C．health maintenance and life enjoyment
D．opposition and dependence
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第二段可知A項正確；根據第三、四段可知B、C兩項正確；只有D項不對，所以選擇D項。難度適中。
答案：D
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Westerners will share the food in their plates with each other.
B．Chinese would like the free meal so they never pay the bill.
C．Westerners don’t value the friendship so they never pay the meal for others.
D．Chinese attitudes towards the meal seem more complicated than westerners’.
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知，西方人是為了健康價值，而在中國，不但是為了健康，而且為了生活娛樂和增進友誼。可見，中國對于meals的態度要比西方人的態度要復雜一點。故選D。難度適中。
答案：D
4．The underlined word “means” in the fifth paragraph refers to ________.
A．the definition of “Have a meal！”
B．the way of strengthening the friendship
C．the meaning of a meal
D．the dinner set used for a meal
解析：推理判斷題。根據文章的第五段可知，中國人和美國人對于飲食不一樣的地方在于加強友誼這一點上，所以本題選擇B項。難度適中。
答案：B
5．The passage mainly analyzes the cause of ________.
A．the different cultures between the West and China
B．the various styles of food between the West and China
C．the ways of paying the bill between westerners and Chinese
D．all kinds of tastes of food from different countries
解析：主旨大意題。根據文章的第一段可知，第一段為本文的中心段。難度適中。
答案：C
Ⅳ.基礎寫作
2010上海世博會(Exposition 2010)將使中國成為世界的焦點；以其 “Better City，Better Life”的主題，必將吸引世人的目光。
【寫作內容】
請根據以下中文提綱，寫一篇短文介紹中國2010年上海世博會：
1．到2010年世界55%的人口將居住在城市，未來城市生活成為世界關注的對象；
2．作為首個以城市為主題的世博會，上海世博會將引人注目；
3．參展者將展示城市文明、交流城市發展的經驗并探尋城市可持續(sustainable)發展的途徑；
4．它將是探討21世紀城市生活的盛會。
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【參考范文】
Fifty-five percent of the world population is expected to live in cities by the year 2010.Therefore，the prospect of future urban life，a subject of global interest，concerns all nations，developed or less developed，and their people. Being the first World Exposition on the theme of city，Exposition 2010 will attract governments and people from across the world，focusing on the theme “Better City，Better Life.” During the exposition，participants will display urban civilization to the full extent，exchange their experience of urban development，and explore new approaches to the sustainable urban development. It is widely acknowledged that Expo 2010 Shanghai China will be a great event to explore the full potential of urban life in the 21st century.
