2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)夯實(shí)訓(xùn)練：Unit 5《Rhythm》（北師大版含解析）

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　　2024高考英語(yǔ)北師大版一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit 5夯實(shí)訓(xùn)練含答案

　　高考題型提能練(五)　Unit 5

　　Yangshuo，China

　　It was raining lightly when I

　　(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours

　　，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with

　　(it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.

　　I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River

　　are pictured by artists in so many Chinese

　　(painting)．Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away

　　car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.

　　Yangshuo

　　(be) really beautiful.A study of travelers

　　(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it

　　(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people

　　(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】　桂林山水甲天下，陽(yáng)朔風(fēng)光甲桂林。作者講述了從香港去陽(yáng)朔旅游時(shí)的所見(jiàn)。

　　1．a(chǎn)rrived　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用了過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。]

　　2．before/earlier　[考查副詞的用法。由語(yǔ)境可知，幾個(gè)小時(shí)之前我還在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。]

　　3．its　[考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法。空格后面有名詞smog，故要使用形容詞性物主代詞。]

　　4．that/ which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞的用法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)不難判斷這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為指物的mountain tops and dark waters，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此答案為that/ which。]

　　5．paintings　[考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。“so many＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”為一常用短語(yǔ)。]

　　6．by　[考查介詞的固定用法。根據(jù)句意可知，這只是驅(qū)車一小時(shí)的路程。“by＋交通工具名詞”為一固定短語(yǔ)。]

　　7．is　[考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。本段介紹陽(yáng)朔的自然條件，屬客觀事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由于主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱形式，因此答案為is。]

　　8．conducted　[考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。study與conduct之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用表示被動(dòng)的過(guò)去分詞形式。此外，by是解題的關(guān)鍵詞，conducted by...意為“由……所做的”。]

　　9．regularly　[考查副詞的用法。該詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞arrange，故要用其副詞形式。]

　　10．living　[考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。由于live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用表示主動(dòng)意義的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。]

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　AAny diet on which you eat fewer calories than you need to get through the day, like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous. Diets that don't allow any fat also can be bad for you. Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet, up to 30% of total calories, so no one should eat a completely fatfree diet.

　　Don't have diets that restrict certain food groups, either. A diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. You won't get the vitamins and minerals you need. And although you may lose weight, you'll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.

　　Some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of weight. Others have an area of their lives that they can't control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control, their exercise and food intake (攝入)．

　　People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel good. But eventually a person reaches a weight level and doesn't lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight, so they aren't any happier.

　　Some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an_extreme_diet for a little while, but then eat tons of food. Feeling guilty about the binge, they use laxatives (瀉藥). Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful to a person's health.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章告誡減肥人群，在減肥的同時(shí)務(wù)必要保證健康和均衡的飲食，這樣才能獲得真正的健康。

　　1．The reasons why some people start and keep dieting DON'T include ________.

　　A．they think their trouble comes from their weight

　　B．they have a strict parent

　　C．other people's praise when they lose some weight

　　D．there is something they can't control except food intake

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四段內(nèi)容可知，A、C、D三項(xiàng)均是人們減肥的原因。B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容文章沒(méi)有涉及。故答案選B。

　　2．The underlined phrase in the last paragraph refers to ________.

　　A．a(chǎn) fat free diet

　　B．a(chǎn) special diet

　　C．eating too much

　　D．eating too little

　　答案：D　指代判斷題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)后“but then eat tons of food”中的“but”可推知，畫(huà)線部分與其講述的內(nèi)容相反，因此“an extreme diet”指的就是“吃得太少”。故答案選D。

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．A person needs about 800 calories each day.

　　B．A person who doesn't eat bread is unhealthy.

　　C．An improper diet may cause eating disorder.

　　D．Fat takes up the most part of calories inside body.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“l(fā)ike an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous”可知，A項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，不包括面包的飲食不健康，但并沒(méi)說(shuō)不吃面包的人不健康，故B項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，D項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。故答案選C。

　　4．According to the passage, when people want to lose weight, they should

　　________.

　　A．a(chǎn)void eating some food that can lead to being fat

　　B．control their eating amount and times

　　C．have a healthy and balanced diet

　　D．throw up some of what they eat

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。通讀全文特別是文章首段內(nèi)容可知，人們?cè)跍p肥的同時(shí)，還應(yīng)保證健康和均衡的飲食。故答案選C。

　　(2024·銀川一中模擬)As the population of the planet increases, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways. All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted. Humans demand these lights. They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets safer. The problem is that researchers are finding that all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well.

　　Less than ten years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attractive meteor shower (流星雨). The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic. If I did that today, I wouldn't be able to see the meteor shower as well. Due to the increase in street lights, I would surely be run over by a car.

　　Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. If you've ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity. The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide.

　　One of the saddest parts of light pollution is that most of it is unnecessary and most of the outdoor light that we use is wasted. One only needs to look at a row of street lights to see how much of the light shines upwards and lights the sky; a total waste of electricity.

　　Additionally, somewhere electricity needs to be produced, and the production of electricity creates pollution by releasing greenhouse gases. This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life.

　　Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife. Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light. It has been long known that tiny baby sea turtles become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea.

　　Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect. Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contributions to light pollution.

　　1.It is implied in Paragraph

　　3 that the best way to deal with light pollution is ________.

　　A.reducing the output of the lights

　　B.avoiding the use of unnecessary lighting

　　C.educating people about light pollution

　　D.inventing environmentally-friendly lights

　　2.Which of the following is the effect of light pollution?

　　A.Many animals species have died out.

　　B.More traffic accidents happen every day.

　　C.The air we breathe may be polluted.

　　D.It is much easier for us to watch meteor showers.

　　3.What can be inferred from the text?

　　A.We are almost at a loss about how to deal with light pollution.

　　B.Global warming results in light pollution in some way.

　　C.Astronauts can't see clearly in space nowadays.

　　D.Some animals use natural light to direct their movements.

　　4.What will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

　　A.Helpful tips for surfing the Internet.

　　B.Approaches to decreasing light pollution.

　　C.Benefits of searching on Google.

　　D.More bad effects of light pollution.

　　1．解析：選B　推理判斷題根據(jù)第三段第二句中“but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity”可知所有的照明都會(huì)浪費(fèi)電因此為了減少光污染我們?cè)诓恍枰彰鞯臅r(shí)候就不應(yīng)該使用故選B解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知光污染影響我們賴以生存的空氣影響我們的生活質(zhì)量故C項(xiàng)正確根據(jù)第六段第二句中“Thousands of birds die each year”可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有提到；根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤解析：選D　推理判斷題根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第三句“It has been long known ... towards the sea.”可推知小海龜在爬向海灘時(shí)誤將人造光源當(dāng)成了自然光源從而迷失了方向由此可推知一些動(dòng)物是靠自然光源來(lái)指引其方向的故D項(xiàng)正確解析：選B　推理判斷題根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知接下來(lái)作者會(huì)列舉一些有助于減少光污染的方法故選BC

　　In the United States alone，over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year.Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.

　　Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.

　　Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.

　　Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100 times more，than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cell-phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包裝)it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.

　　The U．S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“the production，distribution，and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result in greenhouse gas release.”Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start—for instance，buying reusable products and recycling.

　　In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(動(dòng)機(jī))for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place?

　　Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(氣泡墊)that encased your television?

　　From the governments' point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.

　　文章大意：文章主要講述了電子垃圾的產(chǎn)生、危害以及相關(guān)解決措施。

　　1．By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that________.

　　A．the weight of e-goods is rather small

　　B．e-waste deserves to be made good use of

　　C．natural minerals contain more precious metals

　　D．the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste

　　答案：B　推斷判斷題。結(jié)合第二段第一句“Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.”可知，該段主要講述電子設(shè)備中包含有很多貴重的金屬；下文引用瑞士的研究進(jìn)一步論證電子垃圾中的貴重金屬含量比自然礦產(chǎn)中的高。由此可知，作者提及瑞士的研究旨在告訴我們電子垃圾應(yīng)該得到很好的利用。故正確答案為B。

　　．The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended________.

　　A．from producers to governments

　　B．from governments to producers

　　C．from individuals to distributors

　　D．from distributors to governments

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章最后一句“...a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.”可知，電子垃圾的責(zé)任應(yīng)該從政府延伸到生產(chǎn)者。故正確答案為B。

　　3．What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A．The increase in e-waste.

　　B．The creation of e-waste.

　　C．The seriousness of e-waste.

　　D．The management of e-waste.

　　答案：D　主旨大意題。本文從電子垃圾與日俱增這一現(xiàn)象出發(fā)，分析了電子垃圾治理的必要性，并對(duì)一些國(guó)家政府將電子垃圾治理的責(zé)任延伸到生產(chǎn)者這一考慮進(jìn)行評(píng)述。由此可知，本文通篇是圍繞著電子垃圾治理這一話題展開(kāi)的。故正確答案為D。

　　Ⅱ.任務(wù)型閱讀

　　(2024·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)適應(yīng)性檢測(cè))

　　How to Take Notes in Class

　　As you progress from high school to college and into graduate school, you'll find that your lectures can get much more complex. Sometimes it's not easy taking notes that make sense the next day. 1.________

　　Date your notes.

　　In a perfect world, lecture notes from a single class are kept in a single, dedicated notebook in the correct sequence. But this is the real world! There will be times when you go to biology class (for example), and realize that you've brought the history notebook by accident.