2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)分層限時跟蹤練：選修8-Unit 2《Cloning》（人教版新課標(biāo)含解析）

　　分層限時跟蹤練

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．These early settlers owed(owe) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.

　　2．When the clock strikes(strike) six，the children go home for dinner.

　　3．We are working on the assumption(assume) that it was a gas explosion.

　　4．There is not much difference(differ) in price between the two computers.

　　5．It is forbidden(forbid) to sell alcohol to those under the age of 18 here.

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯

　　1．It remains to be seen if the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

　　if→weather

　　2．She sent the word that she would be late.

　　去掉the

　　3．Whether we need to spend more time on the project have not been discussed.

　　have→has

　　4．We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know exactly what she wants.

　　【答案】　exact→exactly

　　5．Lots of people don't bother go through a marriage ceremony these days.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　bother后加to

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．他是否要參加這次會議還沒有確定呢。(whether)

　　Whether_he_will_attend_the_meeting_or_not has not been decided.

　　2．不要這么沮喪。打起精神來。(cast down)

　　Don't_be_so_cast_down.Just keep up your spirits.

　　3．他得用余生來還清那筆貸款。(pay off)

　　It would take him the rest of his life to pay_off_that_loan.

　　4. 我突然有了一個很好的想法——我可以用存下來的錢幫助農(nóng)村的一名貧困學(xué)生。(strike)

　　A_bright_idea_suddenly_struck_me_that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student

　　in the countryside.

　　5．由于他不在，我們只好將班會推遲到下個星期。(owing to)

　　Owing_to_his_absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　(2024·唐山一模)Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach，which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

　　If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland's professor

　　Yiannis Aloimonos，leader of the group，said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”

　　“At present，the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally，we took our own videos，our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And，as the robot advances，it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality home-made videos.”

　　So far，the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts，such as grasping a spoon，bringing it to the bowl，stirring the salad and observing the results.

　　But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task，the so-called feedback(反饋意見)；another is the introduction of language.

　　“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻性的)language，”he added.“But，”he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

　　【答案速查】　1－4　BADC

　　【語篇解讀】　機(jī)器人按既定指令完成任務(wù)并不讓人覺得新鮮，但能看著視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，你可能前所未聞。

　　1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on”probably can be replaced by________.

　　A．take hold ofB．make use of

　　C．keep track of

　　D．catch sight of

　　【解析】　詞義猜測題。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.”可知，機(jī)器人能利用網(wǎng)上大量的視頻信息，結(jié)合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on應(yīng)與“use”意思相近，因此選擇B項。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“與……保持聯(lián)系”；catch sight of“看到”。

　　【答案】　B

　　2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot________.

　　A．can not fully digest what it learns

　　B．can not make a simple salad

　　C．can follow home-made videos

　　D．can understand metaphorical language

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Aloimonos的話可知，該機(jī)器人目前還不能理解比喻性的語言。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能認(rèn)為目前該機(jī)器人還不能完全消化它學(xué)的東西，應(yīng)選擇A項。

　　【答案】　A

　　3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because________.

　　A．they can easily follow fixed programs

　　B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

　　C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

　　D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

　　【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的前兩句“But why teach a robot...a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.”可知，教機(jī)器人理解視頻是因為預(yù)定指令不夠靈活，應(yīng)選擇D項。

　　【答案】　D

　　4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

　　A．Robots Creating a New World

　　B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

　　C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

　　D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

　　【解析】　標(biāo)題判斷題。文章主要介紹了通過觀看視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，因此C項是最佳標(biāo)題。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅴ.完形填空

　　When I was walking through the forest，I heard weeping.I followed the sound of the soft cry until I saw a woman sitting on the snow.Her eyes were filled with tears for her heavy __1__ from life.I sat on the cold snow with her and I __2__ her my shoulder and my ears.

　　“What is your name？”，she asked.I smiled at her.__3__，my name is Jane，but to comfort her，I said，“My first name is __4__，my middle name is Hope and my last name is Compassion(同情)．” I saw a __5__ smile come upon her face as I asked her“what is your name？”“My name is Ann __6__ I had given up hope.”I read her a poem through which I __7__ the message of self-worth to her.Others will __8__ us when we love ourselves.__9__，it is important for one to have self-worth.After I shared the __10__，we talked a while and then I __11__ a wild rose that was in the snow.It was __12__ that there was a wild rose in such weather.I placed the rose in her hand and __13__ appeared in her eyes.Then I felt kind of __14__ at her change and handed her a piece of paper with my number on it.I walked away.She called me cheerfully the next day and expressed her __15__ to me.She told me I truly lived up to my name.__16__，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion.

　　We all need someone in life to say I believe in you.__17__ is as rare as a rose in the snow.When you __18__ it，don't let it ever die.Life is too __19__ to thank all the people who have encouraged us.We should receive and give encouragement __20__ let unimportant things stand in our way.

　　【答案速查】　1－5　DCADA　6－10　DCBBA

　　11－15　ABCDC　16－20　CDDBA

　　【語篇解讀】　作者看到一個女士在雪地里哭泣，在作者的安慰和鼓勵下，那個女士恢復(fù)了生活的信心。

　　1．A.body B．head

　　C．waist

　　D．heart

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，因來自生活的沉重心情(heart)，她的眼里充滿淚水。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．A.shared

　　B．fetched

　　C．offered

　　D．brought

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文my shoulder and my ears可知，作者提供(offered)肩膀讓那位傷心的女士依靠，提供耳朵傾聽她講話。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．A.Actually

　　B．Eventually

　　C．Especially

　　D．Specially

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文my name is Jane可知，作者的真實名字是Jane。所以此處選擇實際上(Actually)。

　　【答案】　A

　　4．A.Career

　　B．Inspiration

　　C．Command

　　D．Faith

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion可知，作者說出她的名字是信心(Faith)……。

　　【答案】　D

　　5．A.forced

　　B．puzzled

　　C．tired

　　D．worried

　　【解析】　因為那位女士正在哭泣，當(dāng)作者問她的名字時，她的臉上出現(xiàn)勉強(qiáng)的(forced)微笑。

　　【答案】　A

　　6．A.so

　　B．because

　　C．or

　　D．but

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，那個女士說：“我的名字叫作Ann，但是(but)我已經(jīng)放棄希望了。”

　　【答案】　D

　　7．A.transformed

　　B．left

　　C．conveyed

　　D．took

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，通過這首詩，我向她傳遞(conveyed)了自尊這一信息。

　　【答案】　C

　　8．A.adopt

　　B．treasure

　　C．tolerate

　　D．serve

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意可知，我們愛自己，別人才會珍惜(treasure)我們。

　　【答案】　B

　　9．A.However

　　B．Therefore

　　C．Otherwise

　　D．Moreover

　　【解析】　根據(jù)前后文，我們愛自己，別人才會愛我們。因此(Therefore)，自尊對一個人來說很重要。

　　【答案】　B

　　10．A.poem

　　B．meal

　　C．sadness

　　D．story

　　【解析】　由上文的I read her a poem可知，此處是指作者和那位女士分享了那首詩(poem)之后，又聊了一會。

　　【答案】　A

　　11．A.picked up

　　B．brought back

　　C．took over

　　D．took away

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文a wild rose可知，作者撿起(picked up)一朵野生的玫瑰花。

　　【答案】　A

　　12．A.usual

　　B．rare

　　C．easy

　　D．simple

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文there was a wild rose in such weather可知，作者說在這種天氣長野玫瑰是很少見的(rare)。

　　【答案】　B

　　13．A.disappointment

　　B．worry

　　C．smile

　　D．satisfaction

　　【解析】　作者將玫瑰花放在那個女士手中，那個女士的眼中出現(xiàn)了微笑(smile)。這表明在作者的安慰下那個女士的情緒好轉(zhuǎn)了，她破涕而笑。

　　【答案】　C

　　14．A.concern

　　B．security

　　C．shock

　　D．relief

　　【解析】　根據(jù)前文微笑出現(xiàn)在她的眼中可知，作者對她的改變感到有點放松(relief)。

　　【答案】　D

　　15．A.regret

　　B．hope

　　C．gratitude

　　D．interest

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，第二天她興高采烈地給我打電話，并且表達(dá)了對我的感激(gratitude)。

　　【答案】　C

　　16．A.Unbelievably

　　B．Slowly

　　C．Obviously

　　D．Naturally

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，明顯地(Obviously)，她已經(jīng)找到了自己的信心，希望和同情。

　　【答案】　C

　　17．A.Relationship

　　B．Pleasure

　　C．Friendship

　　D．Encouragement

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文作者對鼓勵的論述，可知作者說鼓勵(Encouragement)像那雪地里的玫瑰，是那么罕見。

　　【答案】　D

　　18．A.choose

　　B．pass

　　C．create

　　D．receive

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文don't let it ever die可知，作者說當(dāng)你收到(receive)了鼓勵，你就不要讓它凋謝。

　　【答案】　D

　　19．A.good

　　B．short

　　C．slow

　　D．happy

　　【解析】　作者說人生太短暫(short)了，以至于我們無法感恩每個鼓勵過我們的人。

　　【答案】　B

　　20．A.rather than

　　B．other than

　　C．now that

　　D．in case

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，我們應(yīng)該接受和給予鼓勵而不是(rather than)讓無關(guān)緊要的事情擋在我們的路上。

　　【答案】　A

　　分層限時跟蹤練

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．These early settlers owed(owe) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.

　　2．When the clock strikes(strike) six，the children go home for dinner.

　　3．We are working on the assumption(assume) that it was a gas explosion.

　　4．There is not much difference(differ) in price between the two computers.

　　5．It is forbidden(forbid) to sell alcohol to those under the age of 18 here.

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯

　　1．It remains to be seen if the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

　　if→weather

　　2．She sent the word that she would be late.

　　去掉the

　　3．Whether we need to spend more time on the project have not been discussed.

　　have→has

　　4．We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know exactly what she wants.

　　【答案】　exact→exactly

　　5．Lots of people don't bother go through a marriage ceremony these days.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　bother后加to

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．他是否要參加這次會議還沒有確定呢。(whether)

　　Whether_he_will_attend_the_meeting_or_not has not been decided.

　　2．不要這么沮喪。打起精神來。(cast down)

　　Don't_be_so_cast_down.Just keep up your spirits.

　　3．他得用余生來還清那筆貸款。(pay off)

　　It would take him the rest of his life to pay_off_that_loan.

　　4. 我突然有了一個很好的想法——我可以用存下來的錢幫助農(nóng)村的一名貧困學(xué)生。(strike)

　　A_bright_idea_suddenly_struck_me_that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student

　　in the countryside.

　　5．由于他不在，我們只好將班會推遲到下個星期。(owing to)

　　Owing_to_his_absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.

　　Ⅳ.閱讀理解

　　(2024·唐山一模)Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach，which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

　　If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland's professor

　　Yiannis Aloimonos，leader of the group，said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”

　　“At present，the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally，we took our own videos，our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And，as the robot advances，it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality home-made videos.”

　　So far，the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts，such as grasping a spoon，bringing it to the bowl，stirring the salad and observing the results.

　　But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task，the so-called feedback(反饋意見)；another is the introduction of language.

　　“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻性的)language，”he added.“But，”he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

　　【答案速查】　1－4　BADC

　　【語篇解讀】　機(jī)器人按既定指令完成任務(wù)并不讓人覺得新鮮，但能看著視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，你可能前所未聞。

　　1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on”probably can be replaced by________.

　　A．take hold ofB．make use of

　　C．keep track of

　　D．catch sight of

　　【解析】　詞義猜測題。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.”可知，機(jī)器人能利用網(wǎng)上大量的視頻信息，結(jié)合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on應(yīng)與“use”意思相近，因此選擇B項。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“與……保持聯(lián)系”；catch sight of“看到”。

　　【答案】　B

　　2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot________.

　　A．can not fully digest what it learns

　　B．can not make a simple salad

　　C．can follow home-made videos

　　D．can understand metaphorical language

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Aloimonos的話可知，該機(jī)器人目前還不能理解比喻性的語言。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能認(rèn)為目前該機(jī)器人還不能完全消化它學(xué)的東西，應(yīng)選擇A項。

　　【答案】　A

　　3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because________.

　　A．they can easily follow fixed programs

　　B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

　　C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

　　D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

　　【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的前兩句“But why teach a robot...a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.”可知，教機(jī)器人理解視頻是因為預(yù)定指令不夠靈活，應(yīng)選擇D項。

　　【答案】　D

　　4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

　　A．Robots Creating a New World

　　B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

　　C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

　　D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

　　【解析】　標(biāo)題判斷題。文章主要介紹了通過觀看視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，因此C項是最佳標(biāo)題。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅴ.完形填空

　　When I was walking through the forest，I heard weeping.I followed the sound of the soft cry until I saw a woman sitting on the snow.Her eyes were filled with tears for her heavy __1__ from life.I sat on the cold snow with her and I __2__ her my shoulder and my ears.

　　“What is your name？”，she asked.I smiled at her.__3__，my name is Jane，but to comfort her，I said，“My first name is __4__，my middle name is Hope and my last name is Compassion(同情)．” I saw a __5__ smile come upon her face as I asked her“what is your name？”“My name is Ann __6__ I had given up hope.”I read her a poem through which I __7__ the message of self-worth to her.Others will __8__ us when we love ourselves.__9__，it is important for one to have self-worth.After I shared the __10__，we talked a while and then I __11__ a wild rose that was in the snow.It was __12__ that there was a wild rose in such weather.I placed the rose in her hand and __13__ appeared in her eyes.Then I felt kind of __14__ at her change and handed her a piece of paper with my number on it.I walked away.She called me cheerfully the next day and expressed her __15__ to me.She told me I truly lived up to my name.__16__，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion.

　　We all need someone in life to say I believe in you.__17__ is as rare as a rose in the snow.When you __18__ it，don't let it ever die.Life is too __19__ to thank all the people who have encouraged us.We should receive and give encouragement __20__ let unimportant things stand in our way.

　　【答案速查】　1－5　DCADA　6－10　DCBBA

　　11－15　ABCDC　16－20　CDDBA

　　【語篇解讀】　作者看到一個女士在雪地里哭泣，在作者的安慰和鼓勵下，那個女士恢復(fù)了生活的信心。

　　1．A.body B．head

　　C．waist

　　D．heart

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，因來自生活的沉重心情(heart)，她的眼里充滿淚水。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．A.shared

　　B．fetched

　　C．offered

　　D．brought

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文my shoulder and my ears可知，作者提供(offered)肩膀讓那位傷心的女士依靠，提供耳朵傾聽她講話。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．A.Actually

　　B．Eventually

　　C．Especially

　　D．Specially

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文my name is Jane可知，作者的真實名字是Jane。所以此處選擇實際上(Actually)。

　　【答案】　A

　　4．A.Career

　　B．Inspiration

　　C．Command

　　D．Faith

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion可知，作者說出她的名字是信心(Faith)……。

　　【答案】　D

　　5．A.forced

　　B．puzzled

　　C．tired

　　D．worried

　　【解析】　因為那位女士正在哭泣，當(dāng)作者問她的名字時，她的臉上出現(xiàn)勉強(qiáng)的(forced)微笑。

　　【答案】　A

　　6．A.so

　　B．because

　　C．or

　　D．but

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，那個女士說：“我的名字叫作Ann，但是(but)我已經(jīng)放棄希望了。”

　　【答案】　D

　　7．A.transformed

　　B．left

　　C．conveyed

　　D．took

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，通過這首詩，我向她傳遞(conveyed)了自尊這一信息。

　　【答案】　C

　　8．A.adopt

　　B．treasure

　　C．tolerate

　　D．serve

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意可知，我們愛自己，別人才會珍惜(treasure)我們。

　　【答案】　B

　　9．A.However

　　B．Therefore

　　C．Otherwise

　　D．Moreover

　　【解析】　根據(jù)前后文，我們愛自己，別人才會愛我們。因此(Therefore)，自尊對一個人來說很重要。

　　【答案】　B

　　10．A.poem

　　B．meal

　　C．sadness

　　D．story

　　【解析】　由上文的I read her a poem可知，此處是指作者和那位女士分享了那首詩(poem)之后，又聊了一會。

　　【答案】　A

　　11．A.picked up

　　B．brought back

　　C．took over

　　D．took away

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文a wild rose可知，作者撿起(picked up)一朵野生的玫瑰花。

　　【答案】　A

　　12．A.usual

　　B．rare

　　C．easy

　　D．simple

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文there was a wild rose in such weather可知，作者說在這種天氣長野玫瑰是很少見的(rare)。

　　【答案】　B

　　13．A.disappointment

　　B．worry

　　C．smile

　　D．satisfaction

　　【解析】　作者將玫瑰花放在那個女士手中，那個女士的眼中出現(xiàn)了微笑(smile)。這表明在作者的安慰下那個女士的情緒好轉(zhuǎn)了，她破涕而笑。

　　【答案】　C

　　14．A.concern

　　B．security

　　C．shock

　　D．relief

　　【解析】　根據(jù)前文微笑出現(xiàn)在她的眼中可知，作者對她的改變感到有點放松(relief)。

　　【答案】　D

　　15．A.regret

　　B．hope

　　C．gratitude

　　D．interest

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，第二天她興高采烈地給我打電話，并且表達(dá)了對我的感激(gratitude)。

　　【答案】　C

　　16．A.Unbelievably

　　B．Slowly

　　C．Obviously

　　D．Naturally

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，明顯地(Obviously)，她已經(jīng)找到了自己的信心，希望和同情。

　　【答案】　C

　　17．A.Relationship

　　B．Pleasure

　　C．Friendship

　　D．Encouragement

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文作者對鼓勵的論述，可知作者說鼓勵(Encouragement)像那雪地里的玫瑰，是那么罕見。

　　【答案】　D

　　18．A.choose

　　B．pass

　　C．create

　　D．receive

　　【解析】　根據(jù)后文don't let it ever die可知，作者說當(dāng)你收到(receive)了鼓勵，你就不要讓它凋謝。

　　【答案】　D

　　19．A.good

　　B．short

　　C．slow

　　D．happy

　　【解析】　作者說人生太短暫(short)了，以至于我們無法感恩每個鼓勵過我們的人。

　　【答案】　B

　　20．A.rather than

　　B．other than

　　C．now that

　　D．in case

　　【解析】　根據(jù)句意，我們應(yīng)該接受和給予鼓勵而不是(rather than)讓無關(guān)緊要的事情擋在我們的路上。

　　【答案】　A