2024屆高考英語二輪語法強(qiáng)攻課件：狀語從句
1. 狀語從句的基本用法。 2. 引導(dǎo)狀語從句的常見連詞。 一、狀語從句的類型及連詞 二、狀語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞 1. while
while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，從句的謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（如stay, wait, live等），而不能是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，相當(dāng)于although / though / as，但while / although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不用倒裝語序，though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝也可以不倒裝，而as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句則必須倒裝。如：
While / Although / Though the bride is happy, she will feel homesick at the beginning.
Happy as the bride is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. 2. until和till
until和till都表示“直到”，常可互換，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中。
until / till從句與肯定的主句連用時(shí)，主句的謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示主句的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until / till所表示的時(shí)間為止。如：
You may stay here until the rain stops.
Mr. Bush remained there till his brother arrived.
until / till從句與否定的主句連用時(shí)，主句的謂語是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示“直到……才”，即主句的動(dòng)作到until / till所表示的時(shí)間才開始。如：
David won’t go to bed until / till his wife returns.
Leo didn’t come until he had gone over his lesson.
not until位于句首時(shí)，主句須用倒裝語序。如：
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
not until結(jié)構(gòu)可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中。如：
It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed. 3. when
when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作既可與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可先后發(fā)生。如：
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.
When the meal was finished, Rachel washed up.
when可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。如：
How can we explain it to you when you won’t listen?
when可以作并列連詞，意為“正在那時(shí)，突然”，此時(shí)所引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后。如：
We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.
4. as
as可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)，隨著”。
The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.
as可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，一般放在句首，表示十分明顯的原因。如：
As it is raining, we shall not go camping.
as可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 通常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。具體情況如下：
形容詞或副詞+ as +主語+系動(dòng)詞be或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞。
如: Much as I like it, I won’t buy.
名詞+ as +主語+系動(dòng)詞（句首的名詞前多不帶冠詞）。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+ as +主語+助動(dòng)詞（如果沒有助動(dòng)詞, 則要加上do, does或did）。如：
Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
5. no sooner ... than ..., hardly / scarcely ... when ...
no sooner ... than ...和hardly / scarcely ... when ...引導(dǎo)的從句表示“一……就……，剛……就……”的含義。主句中的動(dòng)詞一般用過去完成時(shí), 從句用一般過去時(shí)。no sooner, hardly位于句首時(shí), 主句的主謂語要部分倒裝。如：
The words had no sooner been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
6. 由“疑問詞-ever”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞與“no matter +
疑問詞”
由“疑問詞-ever”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。此時(shí)以-ever結(jié)尾的復(fù)合詞在口語中可由“no matter +疑問詞”代替。如：
I’ve told you that I’m going to buy that pen, however much it costs. = ..., no matter how much it costs.
Don’t trust him, whatever he says. = ..., no matter what he says. 在含狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，主、從句通常根據(jù)實(shí)際時(shí)間關(guān)系來確定動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，但有一點(diǎn)需要注意：在時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句或由“疑問詞-ever”、“no matter +疑問詞”等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。下面就狀語從句考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。 一、時(shí)間狀語從句 【考例】
It was the middle of the night _____ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. that
B. as
C. which
D. when
二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句
where在地點(diǎn)狀語從句中，除了指地點(diǎn)外，還可指處境等。
由where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別：where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示（抽象）地點(diǎn)或處所的名詞作先行詞，而狀語從句前沒有先行詞。 【考例】 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _____ the bus had dropped her.
A. until
B. when
C. although
D. where 2. Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.
A. when
B. which
C. whose
D. where
三、原因狀語從句
引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的常用連詞有because, since, as, now (that)等。它們的用法區(qū)別是：because語氣最強(qiáng)，述說直接原因，說明因果關(guān)系，常回答以why開頭的問句；since, as和now (that)引導(dǎo)的從句用法相似，表示雙方都知道的原因。 【考例】
—Coach, can I continue with the training?
—Sorry, you can’t _____ you haven’t recovered
from the knee injury.
A. until
B. before
C. as
D. unless 四、讓步狀語從句 【考例】
_____ the forest park is far away, a lot of
tourists visit it every year.
A. As
B. When
C. Even though
D. In case 五、目的狀語從句 【考例】
Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _____ she could stay home and raise her family.
A. now that
B. as if
C. only if
D. so that 六、結(jié)果狀語從句
so ... that和such ... that表示“如此……以致于”, so后面接形容詞或副詞， such后面接名詞。但名詞前有many, much, few, little這些詞修飾時(shí), 要用so?！皊uch + a(n) + adj. +單數(shù)名詞+ that”可轉(zhuǎn)換成“so + adj. + a(n) +單數(shù)名詞+ that”。
【考例】The weather was _____ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A. really
B. such
C. too
D. so 七、條件狀語從句
【考例】
You will never gain success _____ you are fully
devoted to your work.
A. when
B. because
C. after
D. unless 八、方式狀語從句
引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的常用連詞有as, as if / though。as if / though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。如果從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容被看作是事實(shí)或者有可能是事實(shí)時(shí)，就要用陳述語氣。
【考例】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _____ he had done something very clever.
A. as if
B. in case
C. while
D. though 九、比較狀語從句
含as ... as ...的比較狀語從句用在同級比較中, 若表否定用not so / as ... as ...。其中第一個(gè)so / as是副詞, 修飾主句的形容詞或副詞的原形，后一個(gè)as是連詞, 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。
【考例】I have seldom seen my mother _____ pleased with my progress as she is now.
A. so
B. very
C. too
D. rather
1. 狀語從句的基本用法。 2. 引導(dǎo)狀語從句的常見連詞。 一、狀語從句的類型及連詞 二、狀語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞 1. while
while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，從句的謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（如stay, wait, live等），而不能是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，相當(dāng)于although / though / as，但while / although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不用倒裝語序，though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝也可以不倒裝，而as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句則必須倒裝。如：
While / Although / Though the bride is happy, she will feel homesick at the beginning.
Happy as the bride is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. 2. until和till
until和till都表示“直到”，常可互換，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中。
until / till從句與肯定的主句連用時(shí)，主句的謂語必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示主句的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until / till所表示的時(shí)間為止。如：
You may stay here until the rain stops.
Mr. Bush remained there till his brother arrived.
until / till從句與否定的主句連用時(shí)，主句的謂語是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示“直到……才”，即主句的動(dòng)作到until / till所表示的時(shí)間才開始。如：
David won’t go to bed until / till his wife returns.
Leo didn’t come until he had gone over his lesson.
not until位于句首時(shí)，主句須用倒裝語序。如：
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
not until結(jié)構(gòu)可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中。如：
It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed. 3. when
when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作既可與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可先后發(fā)生。如：
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.
When the meal was finished, Rachel washed up.
when可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。如：
How can we explain it to you when you won’t listen?
when可以作并列連詞，意為“正在那時(shí)，突然”，此時(shí)所引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后。如：
We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.
4. as
as可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)，隨著”。
The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.
as可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，一般放在句首，表示十分明顯的原因。如：
As it is raining, we shall not go camping.
as可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 通常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。具體情況如下：
形容詞或副詞+ as +主語+系動(dòng)詞be或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞。
如: Much as I like it, I won’t buy.
名詞+ as +主語+系動(dòng)詞（句首的名詞前多不帶冠詞）。如：
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+ as +主語+助動(dòng)詞（如果沒有助動(dòng)詞, 則要加上do, does或did）。如：
Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
5. no sooner ... than ..., hardly / scarcely ... when ...
no sooner ... than ...和hardly / scarcely ... when ...引導(dǎo)的從句表示“一……就……，剛……就……”的含義。主句中的動(dòng)詞一般用過去完成時(shí), 從句用一般過去時(shí)。no sooner, hardly位于句首時(shí), 主句的主謂語要部分倒裝。如：
The words had no sooner been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.
Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
6. 由“疑問詞-ever”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞與“no matter +
疑問詞”
由“疑問詞-ever”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。此時(shí)以-ever結(jié)尾的復(fù)合詞在口語中可由“no matter +疑問詞”代替。如：
I’ve told you that I’m going to buy that pen, however much it costs. = ..., no matter how much it costs.
Don’t trust him, whatever he says. = ..., no matter what he says. 在含狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，主、從句通常根據(jù)實(shí)際時(shí)間關(guān)系來確定動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，但有一點(diǎn)需要注意：在時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句或由“疑問詞-ever”、“no matter +疑問詞”等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。下面就狀語從句考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。 一、時(shí)間狀語從句 【考例】
It was the middle of the night _____ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
A. that
B. as
C. which
D. when
二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句
where在地點(diǎn)狀語從句中，除了指地點(diǎn)外，還可指處境等。
由where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別：where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示（抽象）地點(diǎn)或處所的名詞作先行詞，而狀語從句前沒有先行詞。 【考例】 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _____ the bus had dropped her.
A. until
B. when
C. although
D. where 2. Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.
A. when
B. which
C. whose
D. where
三、原因狀語從句
引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的常用連詞有because, since, as, now (that)等。它們的用法區(qū)別是：because語氣最強(qiáng)，述說直接原因，說明因果關(guān)系，常回答以why開頭的問句；since, as和now (that)引導(dǎo)的從句用法相似，表示雙方都知道的原因。 【考例】
—Coach, can I continue with the training?
—Sorry, you can’t _____ you haven’t recovered
from the knee injury.
A. until
B. before
C. as
D. unless 四、讓步狀語從句 【考例】
_____ the forest park is far away, a lot of
tourists visit it every year.
A. As
B. When
C. Even though
D. In case 五、目的狀語從句 【考例】
Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _____ she could stay home and raise her family.
A. now that
B. as if
C. only if
D. so that 六、結(jié)果狀語從句
so ... that和such ... that表示“如此……以致于”, so后面接形容詞或副詞， such后面接名詞。但名詞前有many, much, few, little這些詞修飾時(shí), 要用so?！皊uch + a(n) + adj. +單數(shù)名詞+ that”可轉(zhuǎn)換成“so + adj. + a(n) +單數(shù)名詞+ that”。
【考例】The weather was _____ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.
A. really
B. such
C. too
D. so 七、條件狀語從句
【考例】
You will never gain success _____ you are fully
devoted to your work.
A. when
B. because
C. after
D. unless 八、方式狀語從句
引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的常用連詞有as, as if / though。as if / though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。如果從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容被看作是事實(shí)或者有可能是事實(shí)時(shí)，就要用陳述語氣。
【考例】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _____ he had done something very clever.
A. as if
B. in case
C. while
D. though 九、比較狀語從句
含as ... as ...的比較狀語從句用在同級比較中, 若表否定用not so / as ... as ...。其中第一個(gè)so / as是副詞, 修飾主句的形容詞或副詞的原形，后一個(gè)as是連詞, 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。
【考例】I have seldom seen my mother _____ pleased with my progress as she is now.
A. so
B. very
C. too
D. rather
