2024屆高考英語倒計時30天訓(xùn)練：第13天

　　Ⅰ.常考句型

　　【句型1】 　The reason why＋句子．..is that＋句子“……的原因是……”

　　仿寫：我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。

　　①The reason why we have to plant trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

　　②The reason why we have to plant trees is that they can supply fresh air to us.

　　【句型2】　So＋形容詞＋be＋主語＋that＋句子“如此……以致于……”

　　仿寫：時間是如此珍貴，我們浪費不起。

　　So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.

　　【句型3】 　adj.＋as＋Subject(主語) ＋be，S＋V...“雖然……”

　　仿寫：雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活質(zhì)量絕對令人不滿意。

　　Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　體 裁 話 題 關(guān)鍵詞 建議時間 正確率

　　說明文 熱點話題 underemployment 5分鐘 /5

　　The term“underemployment” has three related meanings.In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications(資格)

　　is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.In the second sense，it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time.In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing(人浮于事)

　　in which employees are not being fully made use of.

　　All forms of underemployment have an effect on the economy and the health of the business community.Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations.When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，using that number to judge the health of the job market.This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs，as they are considered employed，and it also doesn't reflect workers who are underpaid，considering their qualifications.

　　In the first sense，underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world.Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.

　　The issue of part-time employment is also very serious.Some people are forced into part-time jobs，while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available，even though they really need to work full-time.This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment，where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs，rather than keeping a full staff at all times.

　　In the sense of shortage of workers，underemployment appears in a variety of situations.Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work，or to keep well-trained，qualified workers so that they will be available when needed.Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours，leading to a situation in which people report to work，but have nothing to do.

　　【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文是一篇說明文。低度就業(yè)或不充分就業(yè)不是指沒有工作，常常指有著某種專業(yè)資格的人從事著非專業(yè)的工作，也指本應(yīng)該從事全職工作，而實際在做臨時工作，或者人浮于事的狀態(tài)。本文給我們講述的就是低度就業(yè)的三個層面及其形成原因。

　　1．The purpose of the passage is

　　.

　　A．to show underemployment is becoming more serious today

　　B．to imply women are laid off more than men

　　C．to explain the meaning of “underemployment”

　　D．to tell the present economic situations

　　解析　主旨大意題。全文在解釋underemployment的含義，故選C。

　　答案　C

　　2．According to the text，underemployment means

　　.

　　A．the same meaning as the word—unemployed

　　B．employees are not fully taken charge of

　　C．qualified workers get a low salary

　　D．people who do manual work for wages

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段對underemployment的解釋：In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing in which employees are not being fully made use of.可知B正確。

　　答案　B

　　3．When it comes to unemployment statistics，

　　.

　　A．the underpaid workers are included

　　B．it implies the people who are jobless

　　C．the part-time employees are included

　　D．it shows the employment situation of a country

　　解析　推理判斷題。第二段的第三句When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，...由此推斷失業(yè)統(tǒng)計則包含沒有工作的人，故選B。

　　答案　B

　　4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 3nd and 4th paragraphs?

　　A．Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.

　　B．People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.

　　C．Part-time staffs seems to benefit from firms less.

　　D．Companies need full-time staffs indeed.

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。雖然第三段提到了在發(fā)達國家低就業(yè)很常見，但是并沒有說低就業(yè)僅發(fā)生在發(fā)達國家，由此可知A不符合文章的意義。誤解分析：根據(jù)第三段第二句可知B正確；第四段的it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs說明C正確；根據(jù)even though they really need to work full-time可知D正確。

　　答案　A

　　5．Some companies maintain a full staff

　　.

　　A．to compete with others in the future

　　B．to make preparations for seasonal work

　　C．to get the skilled workers paid

　　D．to obey labor laws and union pressures

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段提到有些公司沒有解雇員工是為季節(jié)性的工作做準備，由此可知B正確。

　　答案　B

　　【溫馨提示】　underemployment n．不充分就業(yè)，未按專長就業(yè) underpaid adj.少付工資的　full-time adj.全部時間的，專任的，全日制的　lay off 解雇，休息，停止工作　staff n．全體人員，全體職員

　　【長難句解讀】

　　原文　In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as

　　for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.

　　譯文　第一種意思是指一種情形，在這種情形中，一個有著優(yōu)秀的從業(yè)資格的人在一個需要較少資格的崗位上工作，譬如一個律師開校車。

　　分析　該句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜。首先該句子中in which 引導(dǎo)了一個限制性定語從句，先行詞為situation，也可以用where來引導(dǎo)該定語從句；再次，在該定語從句中又包含有that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，that作定語從句中的主語，不能省略。

　　B

　　體 裁 話 題 關(guān)鍵詞 建議時間 正確率

　　應(yīng)用文 天氣 winter 6分鐘 /5

　　In the winter months—December，January and February—the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0℃.However，in some parts of Canada，such as southern British Columbia，the temperature rarely goes below 0℃.In most of the regions in Canada where people live，snow will be on the ground from mid-December to the middle of March.Though Canada's winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to，it can be very enjoyable.For many Canadians，being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life.There are many outdoor winter activities，including skiing，ice fishing，walking，and skating.Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow.

　　Dressing for winter

　　During winter in Canada，you will need warm clothing.If possible，arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival.You will need：

　　*Insulated waterproof boots

　　*A scarf for your neck

　　*A hat that covers your ears

　　*Gloves or mittens for your hands

　　*Thick winter coats，pants and sweaters

　　Layers(層) keep you warm

　　It is a good idea to layer your clothing by，for example，wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket.If you become too hot，it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another.On the West Coast，prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather.You will need：

　　*A warm waterproof coat

　　*Lined waterproof footwear such as rain boots or snow boots

　　*Gloves or mittens

　　*Waterproof hats

　　*An umbrella

　　Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada.You can also contact Related Links，for example，an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.

　　【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。在冬季時，加拿大的大部分地方氣溫比較低，但是有些地方，比如南部的不列顛哥倫比亞省的氣溫很少低于零度。文章介紹了冬季在加拿大游玩的注意事項。

　　1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

　　A．To show many outdoor winter activities.

　　B．To tell about the details about Canada.

　　C．To encourage you to enjoy winter in Canada.

　　D．To call for attention to the winter of Canada.

　　解析　主旨大意題。第一段介紹了加拿大的不同的地理氣候，在該段結(jié)尾處Joining in one of these activities...說明作者在建議“你”到加拿大過冬天，故選C。

　　答案　C

　　2．What is the important part for many Canadians in winter?

　　A．Ice fishing is what they love most.

　　B．Joining a group is very important for them.

　　C．Staying in the snow is what they enjoy most.

　　D．Leading an active life is the key to them.

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的For many Canadians，being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life.可知，在冬季，對于大多數(shù)加拿大人來說，保持活躍的生活是最重要的。

　　答案　D

　　3．If you stay in Canada for the coming winter，you will prepare all EXCEPT

　　.

　　A．snow boots and gloves

　　B．thick winter coats and a scarf

　　C．mittens and sunglasses

　　D．waterproof hats and a scarf

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三段中給出的加拿大冬季旅游所需用品，文中沒有提到太陽鏡，故排除C項。

　　答案　C

　　4．Why does the author suggest layering your clothing?

　　A．Because it is cool to put more clothes on.

　　B．Because taking off clothes is easier than putting on.

　　C．Because it is a rule to dress like that.

　　D．Because the weather there is changeable.

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段給出的On the West Coast，prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather.可知，在西海岸，天氣變化無常，故選D。

　　答案　D　

　　5．Where can you read the passage?

　　A．In the newspaper.

　　B．In a guide book.

　　C．From a magazine.

　　D．On the Internet.

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中給出的You can also contact Related Links可以推斷出該文章是在因特網(wǎng)上讀到的。

　　答案　D

　　【溫馨提示】　enjoyable adj.令人愉快的，可享受的　scarf n．圍巾，披巾，薄頭巾　mitten n．(四指套在一起拇指分開的)手套　underneath prep.在……下面adv.在下面　community n．社區(qū)，社會；團體

　　【長難句解讀】

　　原文　You can also contact Related Links，for example，an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.

　　譯文　你也可以聯(lián)系相關(guān)的鏈接，譬如你居住的社區(qū)的移民服務(wù)組織，在那里獲取更多的冬季穿衣信息。

　　分析　該句其實是個單句，之所以較為復(fù)雜，是因為加入了插入語for example，而后面提及的移民服務(wù)組織就是相關(guān)機構(gòu)的一個例子，在這個名詞短語中，又加入了一個where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞community，where在定語從句中作狀語。

　　Ⅰ.常考句型

　　【句型1】 　The reason why＋句子．..is that＋句子“……的原因是……”

　　仿寫：我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。

　　①The reason why we have to plant trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

　　②The reason why we have to plant trees is that they can supply fresh air to us.

　　【句型2】　So＋形容詞＋be＋主語＋that＋句子“如此……以致于……”

　　仿寫：時間是如此珍貴，我們浪費不起。

　　So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.

　　【句型3】 　adj.＋as＋Subject(主語) ＋be，S＋V...“雖然……”

　　仿寫：雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活質(zhì)量絕對令人不滿意。

　　Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　體 裁 話 題 關(guān)鍵詞 建議時間 正確率

　　說明文 熱點話題 underemployment 5分鐘 /5

　　The term“underemployment” has three related meanings.In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications(資格)

　　is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.In the second sense，it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time.In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing(人浮于事)

　　in which employees are not being fully made use of.

　　All forms of underemployment have an effect on the economy and the health of the business community.Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations.When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，using that number to judge the health of the job market.This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs，as they are considered employed，and it also doesn't reflect workers who are underpaid，considering their qualifications.

　　In the first sense，underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world.Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.

　　The issue of part-time employment is also very serious.Some people are forced into part-time jobs，while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available，even though they really need to work full-time.This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment，where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs，rather than keeping a full staff at all times.

　　In the sense of shortage of workers，underemployment appears in a variety of situations.Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work，or to keep well-trained，qualified workers so that they will be available when needed.Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours，leading to a situation in which people report to work，but have nothing to do.

　　【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文是一篇說明文。低度就業(yè)或不充分就業(yè)不是指沒有工作，常常指有著某種專業(yè)資格的人從事著非專業(yè)的工作，也指本應(yīng)該從事全職工作，而實際在做臨時工作，或者人浮于事的狀態(tài)。本文給我們講述的就是低度就業(yè)的三個層面及其形成原因。

　　1．The purpose of the passage is

　　.

　　A．to show underemployment is becoming more serious today

　　B．to imply women are laid off more than men

　　C．to explain the meaning of “underemployment”

　　D．to tell the present economic situations

　　解析　主旨大意題。全文在解釋underemployment的含義，故選C。

　　答案　C

　　2．According to the text，underemployment means

　　.

　　A．the same meaning as the word—unemployed

　　B．employees are not fully taken charge of

　　C．qualified workers get a low salary

　　D．people who do manual work for wages

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段對underemployment的解釋：In the third sense，it is a form of overstaffing in which employees are not being fully made use of.可知B正確。

　　答案　B

　　3．When it comes to unemployment statistics，

　　.

　　A．the underpaid workers are included

　　B．it implies the people who are jobless

　　C．the part-time employees are included

　　D．it shows the employment situation of a country

　　解析　推理判斷題。第二段的第三句When nations collect employment statistics，they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals，...由此推斷失業(yè)統(tǒng)計則包含沒有工作的人，故選B。

　　答案　B

　　4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 3nd and 4th paragraphs?

　　A．Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.

　　B．People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.

　　C．Part-time staffs seems to benefit from firms less.

　　D．Companies need full-time staffs indeed.

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。雖然第三段提到了在發(fā)達國家低就業(yè)很常見，但是并沒有說低就業(yè)僅發(fā)生在發(fā)達國家，由此可知A不符合文章的意義。誤解分析：根據(jù)第三段第二句可知B正確；第四段的it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs說明C正確；根據(jù)even though they really need to work full-time可知D正確。

　　答案　A

　　5．Some companies maintain a full staff

　　.

　　A．to compete with others in the future

　　B．to make preparations for seasonal work

　　C．to get the skilled workers paid

　　D．to obey labor laws and union pressures

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段提到有些公司沒有解雇員工是為季節(jié)性的工作做準備，由此可知B正確。

　　答案　B

　　【溫馨提示】　underemployment n．不充分就業(yè)，未按專長就業(yè) underpaid adj.少付工資的　full-time adj.全部時間的，專任的，全日制的　lay off 解雇，休息，停止工作　staff n．全體人員，全體職員

　　【長難句解讀】

　　原文　In one sense，it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications is working in a position that requires less qualifications，as

　　for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus.

　　譯文　第一種意思是指一種情形，在這種情形中，一個有著優(yōu)秀的從業(yè)資格的人在一個需要較少資格的崗位上工作，譬如一個律師開校車。

　　分析　該句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜。首先該句子中in which 引導(dǎo)了一個限制性定語從句，先行詞為situation，也可以用where來引導(dǎo)該定語從句；再次，在該定語從句中又包含有that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，that作定語從句中的主語，不能省略。

　　B

　　體 裁 話 題 關(guān)鍵詞 建議時間 正確率

　　應(yīng)用文 天氣 winter 6分鐘 /5

　　In the winter months—December，January and February—the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0℃.However，in some parts of Canada，such as southern British Columbia，the temperature rarely goes below 0℃.In most of the regions in Canada where people live，snow will be on the ground from mid-December to the middle of March.Though Canada's winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to，it can be very enjoyable.For many Canadians，being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life.There are many outdoor winter activities，including skiing，ice fishing，walking，and skating.Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow.

　　Dressing for winter

　　During winter in Canada，you will need warm clothing.If possible，arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival.You will need：

　　*Insulated waterproof boots

　　*A scarf for your neck

　　*A hat that covers your ears

　　*Gloves or mittens for your hands

　　*Thick winter coats，pants and sweaters

　　Layers(層) keep you warm

　　It is a good idea to layer your clothing by，for example，wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket.If you become too hot，it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another.On the West Coast，prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather.You will need：

　　*A warm waterproof coat

　　*Lined waterproof footwear such as rain boots or snow boots

　　*Gloves or mittens

　　*Waterproof hats

　　*An umbrella

　　Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada.You can also contact Related Links，for example，an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.

　　【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。在冬季時，加拿大的大部分地方氣溫比較低，但是有些地方，比如南部的不列顛哥倫比亞省的氣溫很少低于零度。文章介紹了冬季在加拿大游玩的注意事項。

　　1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

　　A．To show many outdoor winter activities.

　　B．To tell about the details about Canada.

　　C．To encourage you to enjoy winter in Canada.

　　D．To call for attention to the winter of Canada.

　　解析　主旨大意題。第一段介紹了加拿大的不同的地理氣候，在該段結(jié)尾處Joining in one of these activities...說明作者在建議“你”到加拿大過冬天，故選C。

　　答案　C

　　2．What is the important part for many Canadians in winter?

　　A．Ice fishing is what they love most.

　　B．Joining a group is very important for them.

　　C．Staying in the snow is what they enjoy most.

　　D．Leading an active life is the key to them.

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的For many Canadians，being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life.可知，在冬季，對于大多數(shù)加拿大人來說，保持活躍的生活是最重要的。

　　答案　D

　　3．If you stay in Canada for the coming winter，you will prepare all EXCEPT

　　.

　　A．snow boots and gloves

　　B．thick winter coats and a scarf

　　C．mittens and sunglasses

　　D．waterproof hats and a scarf

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三段中給出的加拿大冬季旅游所需用品，文中沒有提到太陽鏡，故排除C項。

　　答案　C

　　4．Why does the author suggest layering your clothing?

　　A．Because it is cool to put more clothes on.

　　B．Because taking off clothes is easier than putting on.

　　C．Because it is a rule to dress like that.

　　D．Because the weather there is changeable.

　　解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段給出的On the West Coast，prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather.可知，在西海岸，天氣變化無常，故選D。

　　答案　D　

　　5．Where can you read the passage?

　　A．In the newspaper.

　　B．In a guide book.

　　C．From a magazine.

　　D．On the Internet.

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中給出的You can also contact Related Links可以推斷出該文章是在因特網(wǎng)上讀到的。

　　答案　D

　　【溫馨提示】　enjoyable adj.令人愉快的，可享受的　scarf n．圍巾，披巾，薄頭巾　mitten n．(四指套在一起拇指分開的)手套　underneath prep.在……下面adv.在下面　community n．社區(qū)，社會；團體

　　【長難句解讀】

　　原文　You can also contact Related Links，for example，an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.

　　譯文　你也可以聯(lián)系相關(guān)的鏈接，譬如你居住的社區(qū)的移民服務(wù)組織，在那里獲取更多的冬季穿衣信息。

　　分析　該句其實是個單句，之所以較為復(fù)雜，是因為加入了插入語for example，而后面提及的移民服務(wù)組織就是相關(guān)機構(gòu)的一個例子，在這個名詞短語中，又加入了一個where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞community，where在定語從句中作狀語。