李克強(qiáng)夏季達(dá)沃斯開幕致辭[1]

國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)于10日下午出席在大連舉行的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇新領(lǐng)軍者年會(huì)——2023年夏季達(dá)沃斯，并在開幕式上發(fā)表特別致辭。

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang on Thursday delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2023, also known as the Summer Davos Forum.

致辭全文如下：

The following is the full text of Li's speech:

描繪增長(zhǎng)新藍(lán)圖

——在第九屆 新領(lǐng)軍者年會(huì)上的特別致辭

中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理 李克強(qiáng)

（2023年9月10日，大連達(dá)沃斯）

A New Blueprint for Global Growth

Special Address by H.E. Li Keqiang

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China

At the Ninth Annual Meeting of the New Champions

Dalian, 10 September 2023

尊敬的施瓦布主席先生，

Professor Klaus Schwab,

尊敬的各國(guó)元首和政府首腦，

Heads of State and Government,

尊敬的各國(guó)貴賓，

Distinguished Guests,

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

很高興在金秋九月與大家在大連會(huì)面。我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府，對(duì)夏季達(dá)沃斯年會(huì)在大連召開表示熱烈祝賀，對(duì)各位遠(yuǎn)道而來的貴賓表示熱烈的歡迎！也向媒體的朋友們表示謝意。

It gives me great pleasure to join you in the beautiful city of Dalian in this golden autumn season of September. On behalf of the Chinese government, let me extend warm congratulations on the opening of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions. I want to welcome all guests who have traveled from afar to Dalian and I also express my sincere thanks to friends from the media.

就在昨天，我一到大連就去看了一家大連的創(chuàng)客空間。在那里我看到了一個(gè)公司，他們有10位員工，用了短短兩年時(shí)間創(chuàng)業(yè)，他們所取得的業(yè)績(jī)給我留下了難忘的印象。他們利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)這個(gè)平臺(tái)，在中國(guó)全國(guó)注冊(cè)登記了28萬個(gè)工程師，這個(gè)公司對(duì)在中國(guó)東北地區(qū)擁有的3萬臺(tái)機(jī)床的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了搜集。他們不僅通過讓機(jī)床生產(chǎn)和需求者更好的對(duì)接，來實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)床利用率的提高，更重要的是他們依靠28萬個(gè)工程師的智慧提供解決方案，對(duì)許多機(jī)床進(jìn)行智能改造，他們目前已經(jīng)有100多個(gè)產(chǎn)品推出。

Yesterday, I visited a local makers' space in Dalian after I arrived. The company, which employs only ten people, has built an impressive business in just two years' time. It has attracted 280,000 registered users through the Internet, and developed nearly 100 maker products. One thing it does is to develop new models for the utilization of machine tools. It has collected data of some 30,000 machine tools in northeast China, and managed to link the production of machine tools with consumers on the demand side. Their service greatly improved the utilization rate of these machine tools. More importantly, building on the wisdom of its 280,000 registered users, it has offered smart solutions for upgrading machine tools. The company has an ambitious plan -- to not just upgrade the old machine tools, but also build new and smarter ones by pooling wisdom via a public platform. In fact, one could find tens of thousands of small companies like this in China, whose creativity is beyond our imagination. Whether they succeed in the end, they are all like the new champions. Through them, people see the future of our economy, and I believe they are all part of the new blueprint for growth in China and beyond.

他們雄心勃勃的計(jì)劃不僅要使能夠改造的，現(xiàn)在性能還比較低的3萬臺(tái)機(jī)床升級(jí)，而且還要集眾智創(chuàng)造新的智能機(jī)床。在中國(guó)，像這樣的企業(yè)已經(jīng)是千千萬萬，他們的創(chuàng)意我們甚至難以想象。無論他們成功與否，可以說他們是在扮演著新領(lǐng)軍者的角色。他們向人們展現(xiàn)著未來經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的希望，也是在參與描繪中國(guó)和世界增長(zhǎng)的新藍(lán)圖。象征著希望和未來。

At the moment, global economic recovery is still weak. Many international institutions have downgraded their global economic forecast. The more complex and intricate the situation, the more we need confidence and hope. In this context, the theme of the meeting - Charting a New Course for Growth - reflects our collective wisdom and consensus, and points the way for the future. It is therefore highly relevant.

當(dāng)前，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇乏力，不少國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)都調(diào)低了全球增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期。越是面對(duì)混沌復(fù)雜的局面，越要提振信心，看到希望。這次論壇以“描繪增長(zhǎng)新藍(lán)圖”為主題，也是匯聚了眾智和共識(shí)，尋找全球未來發(fā)展之路，很有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。我之所以要講前面我在大連的見聞，還是想從一個(gè)側(cè)面來回答大家對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)走勢(shì)乃至于對(duì)世界未來的關(guān)切。這里，我想告訴大家，現(xiàn)在中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的走勢(shì)是緩中趨穩(wěn)、穩(wěn)中向好，但穩(wěn)中有難，總體是機(jī)遇大于挑戰(zhàn)。

I hope the story I shared with you could somehow help answer your question about the status and direction of the Chinese economy and the future of the world. My message is this: despite the moderation in speed, the performance of the Chinese economy is stable and moving in a positive direction. Although difficulties remain, there are more opportunities than challenges. People's creativity and entrepreneurial passion has given us confidence to overcome the challenges. We are capable of meeting the main goals and tasks set for economic and social development this year, and this will lay a solid foundation for sustainable growth in the years to come.

正是大眾的創(chuàng)業(yè)和創(chuàng)新精神，使我們?cè)鰪?qiáng)了克服時(shí)艱的信心。我們有能力實(shí)現(xiàn)今年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，并為未來打下可持續(xù)發(fā)展的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)背景放緩的情況下，今年上半年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)7%，這殊為不易。因?yàn)檫@是在10萬億美元經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模基礎(chǔ)上所取得的增長(zhǎng)，是高基數(shù)上的增長(zhǎng)，這比過去增長(zhǎng)兩位數(shù)的絕對(duì)量還要大，這個(gè)速度在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中仍居前列。更令人欣喜的是，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)在加快優(yōu)化。服務(wù)業(yè)已占GDP的“半壁江山”，消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到了60%；高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)增速明顯快于整體工業(yè)，信息、文化、健康、旅游等消費(fèi)需求旺盛，節(jié)能環(huán)保、綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方興未艾，新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)在催生中加快形成。

Given the slowdown in global growth, the 7% growth China achieved in the first half of the year is not at all easy. Because we are talking about a US$ 10 trillion economy, for which 7% growth actually generates more increase in volume than the double-digit growth in the past. And the 7% growth is in fact among the highest of the world's major economies. What is more encouraging is that China's economic structure is rapidly improving. Today, the services sector already accounts for half of China's GDP, and consumption contributes 60% to growth. Growth in high-tech industries is notably higher than the entire industrial sector. Consumer demands for information, cultural, health and tourism products are booming. Energy conservation, environmental protection and the green economy are thriving. New economic growth areas are rapidly taking shape.

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的平穩(wěn)發(fā)展造福了人民，人民的感受是最重要的。今年以來，就業(yè)穩(wěn)定擴(kuò)大，上半年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)718萬人，完成全年目標(biāo)的72%，大城市城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率為5.1%左右。同時(shí)全國(guó)居民人均可支配收入增速高于經(jīng)濟(jì)增速，農(nóng)村居民人均收入增速快于城鎮(zhèn)居民，物價(jià)保持穩(wěn)定，居民消費(fèi)能力增強(qiáng)，社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售額增長(zhǎng)超過10%。我曾經(jīng)多次說過，只要有比較充分的就業(yè)，居民收入增長(zhǎng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)同步，生態(tài)環(huán)境不斷改善，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度高一點(diǎn)、低一點(diǎn)都是我們可以接受的。

China's steady economic development has benefited the people. For us to measure the state of the economy, it's always important to know how the people are feeling. Since the beginning of this year, employment has steadily expanded. In the first six months, 7.18 million new urban jobs were created, meaning 72% of our annual target is already met. Surveyed unemployment rate in big cities was around 5.1%. In terms of household income, per capita disposal income grew faster than the economy, with the income of rural residents growing faster than that of urban residents. As a result, consumers now have more money in their pocket to spend. Price level has been kept basically stable. Total retail sales increased by more than 10%. I have said on many occasions that as long as there is sufficient employment, and if household income could increase in step with the economy and if the environment keeps improving, then a slight change in GDP growth is acceptable.

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的平穩(wěn)發(fā)展也惠及世界。今年上半年，中國(guó)對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)率是30%左右。由于全球貿(mào)易低迷，大宗商品價(jià)格大幅下跌，中國(guó)進(jìn)出口從金額上看增速放緩，但進(jìn)口的大宗商品實(shí)物量并未減少，甚至還有所增加。中國(guó)將在“優(yōu)進(jìn)優(yōu)出”中實(shí)施更加積極的進(jìn)口政策，今后進(jìn)口商品的數(shù)量還會(huì)更多。中國(guó)對(duì)外投資繼續(xù)保持較快增長(zhǎng)。出境旅游人數(shù)大幅增加，去年超過1億人次，今年上半年同比又增長(zhǎng)了10%。中國(guó)游客出國(guó)既“游”且“購(gòu)”，這說明中國(guó)的老百姓對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的前景是樂觀的。因?yàn)橹袊?guó)人有量入為出的傳統(tǒng)，如果沒有穩(wěn)定的收入來源是不敢消費(fèi)的。事實(shí)證明，中國(guó)不是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之源，而是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)力源之一。

China's steady economic development has benefited the world. China contributed about 30% to global growth in the first half of the year. With commodity prices dropping markedly on the global market, the growth of China's foreign trade volume is slowing down. But even so, the actual amount of commodities China imported has continued to go up. China will adopt a more proactive import policy and place greater emphasis on the quality of imports and exports. And China will only buy more from the world to meet its growing domestic demands. China's outward investment has maintained rapid growth. The number of outbound tourists has notably increased. Last year alone, Chinese tourists made over 100 million trips overseas. In the first half of this year, the number rose by another 10%. When Chinese tourists go abroad, they not just go sightseeing but also shopping. This shows that the Chinese people are bullish about the economic prospects. Given the celebrated tradition of frugality in China, people would hardly feel free to spend if they don't have a stable source of income. Of course, one should not forget that more than 70 million people in China are still living in poverty. Yet, the sheer size of the middle-income population also means huge and fast-growing consumer demands. All these serve to prove that China is not a source of risks for the world economy but a real source of strength for world economic growth.

當(dāng)然，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)也面臨著不少困難和下行的壓力，但仍然處在合理區(qū)間。作為一個(gè)與國(guó)際市場(chǎng)密切關(guān)聯(lián)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)情況總體偏弱，中國(guó)不可能獨(dú)善其身，同時(shí)國(guó)內(nèi)長(zhǎng)期積累的深層次矛盾在逐步顯現(xiàn)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正處于新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換階段，實(shí)現(xiàn)制造業(yè)從粗放增長(zhǎng)到集約增長(zhǎng)的升級(jí)發(fā)展，和從過度依賴投資拉動(dòng)到消費(fèi)與投資協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換，是一個(gè)充滿陣痛、十分艱難的過程，這期間經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)難免有波動(dòng)起伏，這是調(diào)整轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)的一種正常現(xiàn)象，用中醫(yī)說是“脈象”。近兩個(gè)月，有的指標(biāo)出現(xiàn)下滑或波動(dòng)。但前期采取的一系列政策措施正在逐步見效，經(jīng)濟(jì)中的積極因素在積聚增多，所以有些指標(biāo)又出現(xiàn)了走強(qiáng)。總的來說，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的基本面沒有改變。正可謂“形有波動(dòng)，勢(shì)仍向好”。對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)短期波動(dòng)，我們也不會(huì)掉以輕心。

Despite the many difficulties and downward pressure, the Chinese economy is still within the reasonable range. The Chinese economy is deeply integrated into the global market. Given the weak growth of the global economy, China could not stand unaffected. Meanwhile, the deep-seated problems that have built up over the years are thrown into sharper relief. The Chinese economy is in the state of a new normal. It is going through a transition with traditional drivers being replaced by new ones. The extensive model of growth in the manufacturing sector is giving way to more intensive production. And over-reliance on investment is abandoned for greater balance between consumption and investment. This is a painful and challenging process. Ups and downs in growth are hardly avoidable, as they are natural in a period of adjustment and transition. To borrow a concept from traditional Chinese medicine, they are the "pulse" that shows the health of the economy. Over the last two months, we have seen a slip or fluctuation in certain indicators. Yet, the policies and measures adopted in the previous stage are starting to pay off, and positive factors are building up in the economy, hence the upward trend in certain indicators. The fundamentals underpinning a stable Chinese economy have not changed. The ups and downs in the economy may have formed the shape of a curving wave, but the underlying trend remains to be positive. We will not be swayed by short-term fluctuations in economic performance, nor will we take it lightly.

當(dāng)前，我們也正在采取必要的定向調(diào)控、相機(jī)調(diào)控、精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控措施。主要是縮小短期波幅，防止產(chǎn)生傳導(dǎo)、放大效應(yīng)。一旦出現(xiàn)滑出合理區(qū)間的跡象，我們將有足夠的能力來應(yīng)對(duì)，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)“硬著陸”，這不是空話。近幾年，盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力較大，但我們沒有超發(fā)貨幣，沒有搞大規(guī)模強(qiáng)刺激，主要依靠改革增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力，既穩(wěn)定了經(jīng)濟(jì)，也為下一步調(diào)控留下了空間。中國(guó)中央政府財(cái)政赤字率在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中是較低的。中國(guó)創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控政策工具箱里的工具還有不少，就像下圍棋一樣，既落好眼前每個(gè)子、有針對(duì)性地出招，頂住當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，又要留有后手、謀勢(shì)蓄勢(shì)，以促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。

We are taking necessary measures of targeted, discretionary and precision macro regulation, mainly to mitigate short-term volatility and prevent its spillover or magnifying effect. We will be fully capable to deal with the situation once signs indicate that the economy is sliding out of the reasonable range. I'm not making an empty promise when I say that the Chinese economy will not head for a "hard landing". In fact, withstanding considerable downward pressure on the economy in recent years, China did not turn on the money-printing machine or resort to massive stimulus. Instead, we invigorated the economy mainly through deepening reform. This has ensured stability in economic performance and allowed room for future adjustment. The fiscal deficit ratio of the central government is relatively low compared with other major economies. There are still many tools at our disposal for innovative macro regulation. We need to take targeted measures to overcome downward economic pressure, so as to lay the foundation for sustainable and healthy growth in the future. It is like playing the Chinese chess game. We need to be careful with every move we make and also keep up the momentum for the long run.

女士們，先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

我們說中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)未來會(huì)更好，并不是盲目樂觀，而是有基礎(chǔ)、有條件和有動(dòng)力的。

We believe that the Chinese economy is on the right track and its future will be even brighter. This is not unrealistic optimism. Our confidence is based on the sound foundation, condition and momentum of economic growth.

一方面，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有巨大潛力和內(nèi)在韌性。中國(guó)新型工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程處在深入推進(jìn)階段，蘊(yùn)含著擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需的強(qiáng)勁需求。中國(guó)地域幅員遼闊且產(chǎn)業(yè)類型多樣，東方不亮西方亮、這業(yè)不興那業(yè)興。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的支撐并非獨(dú)木一根，而是“四梁八柱”，具有很強(qiáng)的抗沖擊能力和韌性。當(dāng)前，中國(guó)人民正在為到2023年全面建成小康社會(huì)宏觀目標(biāo)而奮斗，這也必將凝聚起社會(huì)動(dòng)員的強(qiáng)大力量。

The Chinese economy is resilient and full of potential. China is going through the process of a new type of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization, which all serve to generate strong domestic demand. China has a vast territory and diverse industries. That means, the Chinese economy is supported not by a single pillar but multiple pillars. It is highly resilient and shock-resistant. The Chinese people are now working toward the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2023. This will mobilize the whole society and generate a strong force driving development.

另一方面，中國(guó)推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革正在源源不斷釋放改革紅利。中國(guó)仍是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家。發(fā)展是硬道理，是解決中國(guó)一切問題的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵。但發(fā)展必須是科學(xué)發(fā)展，是有質(zhì)量、有效益、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的發(fā)展，必須依靠改革開放。我們正在全面深化改革，加快推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，努力把經(jīng)濟(jì)潛在增長(zhǎng)率充分挖掘出來，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長(zhǎng)、邁向中高端水平。

Meanwhile, the ongoing structural reform is constantly delivering benefits. China remains the biggest developing country in the world. Development is of overriding importance. It holds the key to resolving all issues in China. What we aim for is development that is scientific, quality-based, efficient and sustainable. To achieve such development, further reform and opening-up is required. We are comprehensively deepening reform, accelerating structural reform and pursuing an innovation-driven development strategy to fully unleash the potential of economic growth. We want to make sure that the economy maintains medium-high speed of growth and moves to medium-high level of development.

今年以來，財(cái)稅、投融資、價(jià)格等領(lǐng)域市場(chǎng)化改革不斷深入，消除市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入限制、促進(jìn)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的措施接連推出，圍繞推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的改革力度加大。金融領(lǐng)域的改革總的是按市場(chǎng)化、法治化的方向繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，積極培育公開透明、長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展的資本市場(chǎng)，同時(shí)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)和完善風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，堅(jiān)決守住不發(fā)生區(qū)域性系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。我國(guó)居民儲(chǔ)蓄率高，外匯儲(chǔ)備多，有相當(dāng)?shù)慕鹑诳偭俊３刈永锏乃呀?jīng)很多，關(guān)鍵是怎么用好這池水，讓它動(dòng)起來、活起來，而且流向?qū)嶓w經(jīng)濟(jì)。我們將通過結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的舉措，盤活存量，著力挖掘存量資金潛力，優(yōu)化金融資源配置，提高金融效率。