高中英語語法-英語語法表解2

　　英語語法表解2

　　 25 交際英語

　　 類別 A(問) B(答)

　　 ①Greetings(問候) How do you do?

　　 (I'm) pleased/glad to see you.

　　 How are you?

　　 How are things (with you)?

　　 How are you doing(getting on)?

　　 Good morning(afternoon;evening;

　　 Night)!

　　 Goodbye! Bye_--Bye!

　　 Remember me to your family!

　　 Please give my regards to sb! How do you do?

　　 (I'm) pleased/glad to see you.

　　 Fine,thank you(and you)?

　　 All right,thanks.

　　 Very well,thank you.

　　 Good morning(afternoon;evening;

　　 Night)!

　　 Bye_--Bye! See you later!

　　 I will do that,thank you!

　　 I will do that,thanks !

　　 ②Weather、time、date(天氣、時間、日期) What's the date today?

　　 What was the date yesterday?

　　 What day (of the week) is it today?

　　 What time is it?

　　 What's the time by your watch?

　　 What's the weather like today?

　　 How is the weather today?

　　 What's the temperature today?

　　 It's January 5th

　　 It was September 3rd.

　　 It's Wednesday.

　　 It's 6:26.

　　 It's 8:22.

　　 It's sunny/fine/cold/rainy/windy/

　　 It's cloudy/snowy.

　　 It's 260c.

　　 ③Good wishes、congratulations(祝福) Happy New Year To You!

　　 Wish You a Merry Chritmas!

　　 Have a nice weekend!

　　 Wish you success/good luck!

　　 Happy birthday to you!

　　 Congratulate you! Congratulations! Thank you,you too.

　　 Thank you,the same to you.

　　 Thank you and I wish you the same.

　　 Thank you very much!

　　 Many thanks!

　　 Thank you !

　　 ④Compliments(稱贊) You look very pretty.

　　 Your hair is very beautiful.

　　 Your handwriting is very good.

　　 How lucky you are!

　　 The dress suits you very well. Thank you for saying so.

　　 You are very kind.

　　 It's very nice/kind of you to say so.

　　 Oh,you flatter me(I'm flattered).

　　 I'm glad you think so.

　　 ⑤Gratitude(感謝) Many thanks(thanks a lot)!

　　 Thank you for helping me!

　　 I'm really grateful/thankful to you!

　　 I'm much obliged to you!

　　 I greatly appreciate your help.

　　 It's very nice/kind of you to say so. Not at all.

　　 You are welcome.

　　 (It's) my pleasure.

　　 It's a pleasure.

　　 That's all right.

　　 Please don't mention it.

　　 ⑥Apology(道歉) I'm (terribly) sorry (about sth ).

　　 Excuse me for my smoking here.

　　 Please excuse my coming late.

　　 Pardon me for my sneezing. Never mind.

　　 That's all right.

　　 It's nothing.

　　 It doesn't matter.

　　 ⑦Request(請求) May I ask a favor of you?

　　 Would you do me a favor?

　　 Will you fetch me a drink?

　　 Can/Could you lend me a pen?

　　 May I trouble you to do? (肯定回答):Certainly,I'd be glad to; I'd like/love to;With pleasure;Yes,all

　　 right(of course);OK.

　　 (否定回答):I'm afraid I can't;I'd like

　　 to, but I don't I'm sorry but I

　　 ⑧Permission(許可) Would you mind my smoking ?

　　 Would you mind if open the door?

　　 (肯定回答):No,just go ahead; Not in

　　 the least; Not at all; Certainly not;

　　 No , do it please; Of course not,do as

　　 Please.

　　 (否定回答):I'm afraid you can't; I'm sorry I'd rather you didn't.

　　 ⑨Suggestion(建義) Shall we go out for a hike ?

　　 Let's go out for a hike.

　　 What/How about going out for a hike?

　　 Why not go out for a hike?

　　 Why don't we go out for a hike? (肯定回答):All right;I'd love/like to; (That's a) goodThat's ok; Great

　　 (否定回答):I'd like/love to,but I can't afford the time;I don't think

　　 I will, but thank you all the same;

　　 No,I don't think so.

　　 ⑩Soliciting opinions(征求意見) Could I open the window?

　　 Will you allow me to park here?

　　 May I smoke here?

　　 Would you like to have some coffee?

　　 Shall I make you some tea? (肯定回答):Yes,please;Yes, certainly;Yes,do as you please;

　　 Yes,I'd like/love some.

　　 (否定回答): I'm afraid you can't; I'm sorry I'd rather you didn't;No,thank you( I'm full; I have had enough);All right, just

　　 a little.

　　 ⑾Telephone(電話) Hello/Hi! Who is that? Who's that speaking? Is that you,Mum?

　　 Is that No.1Middle School (Mr.Tom)?

　　 May I speak to Mr.Bush?

　　 May I leave a message? This is John (speaking).

　　 Hold on ( a minute) , please.

　　 Would you like to leave a message?

　　 Can I take a message for you?

　　 ⑿Shopping(購物) What can I do for you?

　　 May /Can I help you?

　　 How much is the book?

　　 What/How much does it cost?

　　 What's the price of the book?

　　 How much do you want/sell for the pen?

　　 What color and size do you want/take+? I'd like to buy/get a pen;

　　 Will you show me a book?

　　 Have you got any pens?

　　 Do you sell pens?

　　 May/Could I have a look at the

　　 books? I want to buy sth for sb;

　　 It's 10 yuan; It costs 5 dollars.

　　 I'd like red and size 6.

　　 ⒀Asking the way(問 路) Excuse me,but could you tell me the

　　 Way to?Is this the right way to the station?Which is the best/nearest/

　　 shortest way to the airport? It's over there;Go along/down

　　 the street until you come to

　　 Go ahead and turn left at the first crossing; Go across the street

　　 and take Bus No.6 to I'm sorry ,I'm a stranger.

　　 ⒁Seeing a doctor(看醫(yī)生) What's wrong /the trouble / the

　　 Matter with you ? What's happened to you? Is there

　　 Anything wrong with you ? I don't feel I'm not

　　 feeling I'm afraid I'm ill;

　　 I have a cold; I feel a pain in my chest.

　　 ⒂(其它) If we don't hear or understand what

　　 Other people say, we usually say.. I beg your pardon?

　　 Pardon me? Pardon? Sorry? What?

　　 表25 精選練習(情景交際、慣用法)

　　 1.It's a fine day .Let's go fishing ,______?

　　 A.won't we B.will we C.don't we D. shall we

　　 2.---Do you mind my taking this seat? ----_____________.

　　 A. Yes ,sit down please B. No,of course not C.Yes, take it please D. No, you can't take it.

　　 3.Don't smoke in the meeting room,_______?

　　 A. do you B.will you C. can you D.could you

　　 4.-----Have a nice weekend! ------________________.

　　 A.The same to you B.You do too C. The same as you D.You have it too

　　 5.-----Hello.May I speak to Zhao Hua? ---Yes._______________.

　　 A.My name's Zhao Hua B.I'm Zhao Hua C.This is Zhao Hua speaking D. Zhao Hua's me

　　 6.---Please don't make a noise. ----________.I'll be as quiet as a mouse.

　　 A.Yes, I won't B.No,I won't C.No, I will D. Yes, I will

　　 7. Be sure to write to us, ______?

　　 A.will you B.aren't you C.can you D.mustn't you

　　 8.---Let me itroduce myself ,I'm Albert .----__________.

　　 A.What a pleasure B.It's my pleasure C.Pleased to meet you D.I'm very pleased

　　 9.---How's the young man?-----_________.

　　 A.He's twenty B.He's a doctor C.He's much better D.He's David

　　 10.----Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend ?----____________.

　　 A.I don't believe B. I don't believe it C. I believe not so D.I believe not

　　 11.---Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine.

　　 ---_______.You look fine ,too. A.Great B.Thanks C.Oh, no D.Not at all

　　 12.---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.------____________.

　　 A.I don't B. I won't C.I can't D. I haven't

　　 13. Don't all speak at once ! ________,please .

　　 A.Each at one time B.One by one time C.One for each time D. One at a time

　　 14.I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?

　　 ----Not at all._________.

　　 A. I've no time B.I'd rather not C.I'd like it D.I'd be very happy to

　　 15.---I'm sorry I broke your cup.-------Oh,really?______________.

　　 A.It's OK with me B.It doesn't matter C.Don't be sorry D.I don't care

　　 16.----Can I help you,sir?------Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it_________.

　　 A. didn't work B.won't work C.can't work D.doesn't work

　　 17.---Do you think I could borrow your dictionary?-----___________.

　　 A.Yes, you may borrow B.Yes, you could C. Yes, help yourself D.Yes, go on.

　　 18.---I'd like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith.---_________.

　　 A.Oh ,no, let's not B.I'd rather stay at home

　　 C.I'm very sorry ,but I have other plans D.Oh,no.That'll be too much trouble

　　 19.---Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me .---______________.

　　 A.No thanks B.I'm glad you like it C.Please don't say so D.No,it's not so good

　　 20.---____________.--------Thank you, I certainly will.

　　 A.Happy birthday to you B . Let me help you with your maths

　　 C.Please remember me to Mum D.Don't forget to post the letter

　　 21.---I wonder if I could use your telephone.--------____________.

　　 A.I wonder how B.I don't wonder

　　 C.Sorry, It's out of order D.No wonder , here it is

　　 22.---Wasn't it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?----___________________.

　　 A.I didn't know he was B. Yes ,it is

　　 C.No, he wasn't D.Yes, both

　　 23.---Which would you rather have , tea or coffee?----________________.

　　 A. Sure , I would B.Yes,please C.Yes ,both D.Neither , thank you

　　 24---Sorry, I couldn't come to the party. I was sick that day. -------__________.

　　 A. I don't know that B.That's all right

　　 C.Yes. we will have another party D.No, the party wasn't held

　　 25.---You haven't been to Beijing , have you?-----_____________-.

　　 A. Yes, I have B .Yes, I haven't C.No, I have D. No, I haven't

　　 26.---Can I get you a cup of tea? ------_______________.

　　 A.That's very nice of you B.With pleasure C. You can, please D.Thank you for the tea

　　 27.----I had a really good weekend at my uncle's.----_______________.

　　 A.Oh, that's very nice of you B.Congratulations

　　 C. It is a pleasure D. Oh, I am glad to hear that

　　 表26構(gòu)詞法表解

　　 一、 合成詞

　　 常見的合成形容詞的方法:①副詞+過去分詞 newly--built新建的well--known著名的;wide--spread廣泛流傳的。

　　 ②副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hardworking勤奮的;far-reaching 深遠的。

　　 ③形容詞+名詞+ed warm-hearted熱心腸的;good-temperd脾氣好的 ;noble-minded高尚的;big-nosed大鼻子的;white-haired白頭發(fā)的。

　　 ④形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 easy-going好說話的 ;good-looking 好看的。

　　 ⑤名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 English-speaking說英語的 ;peace-loving熱愛和平的 。

　　 ⑥名詞+過去分詞 heart-felt由衷的;state-owned 國有的;man-made人造的。

　　 ⑦其它特殊構(gòu)成:例如, ready-made現(xiàn)成的;over-all 總的 ;all-round全面的;first-class/rate第一流的;face-to-face 面對面的;first-aid急救的;first-hand第一手的;second-hand第二手的;second-class/rate 第二流的 ;up-to-date 時髦的;out-of-date過時的。

　　 常見的合成名詞的方法:①名詞+名詞 bloodtest驗血;bedroom寢室;thunderstorm大雷雨;glassware玻璃制品;oilwell油井。

　　 ②形容詞+名詞 shorthand速記;doublebed雙人床;greenhouse溫室。

　　 ③動名詞+ 名詞 sleeping-pills安眠藥;waiting-room候車室;swimming-pool游泳池;reading-room閱覽室。

　　 ④名詞+動名詞 handwriting書法;sun-bathing日光浴;sight-seeing游覽。

　　 ⑤動詞+ 副詞 get-together聯(lián)歡會;break-through突破。

　　 ⑥動詞+名詞 playground操場 ;pickpocket扒手。

　　 ⑦副詞+ 動詞 overthrow推翻;downfall垮臺;outbreak爆發(fā)。

　　 二、 轉(zhuǎn)化

　　 ① 名詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞:例如,He cupped his hands to drink water(使手成杯狀);He bought some canned food(罐裝的);I have booked two tickets for the film(預定); Who will chair the meeting?(主持); In the book the writer pictured the life of women in China(描寫); The hall can seat 2000 people(容納);We will back you up(支持); They tried to nose out our plan(試探); I hope we can room together(住一個房間); China will host the 20008 Olympic Games(主辦)。

　　 ② 動詞(含情態(tài)動詞)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞:例如,His new play is a must for drama fans (必需的東西); I have a say in the plan(發(fā)言的權(quán)利);He likes a quiet read after supper (讀書); This is for summer wear (衣物、佩帶); He came here at a run(跑步); Let me have a try/rest(嘗試/休息)。

　　 ③ 形容詞和副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞:例如The bus slowed down a little(減速、放慢);His words warmed our hearts(使感到溫暖);The classroom quieted down gradually(安靜下來);Mistakes must be corrected(糾正);You must empty the bottle(倒空); The meeting will further their cooperation(促進)。

　　 ④ 還有一類雙音節(jié)詞作為動詞時,其重讀音節(jié)在第二音節(jié);作為名詞時,其重讀音節(jié)在第一音節(jié):例如,

　　 digest 作為動詞是消化、領(lǐng)會,作為名詞是摘要、文摘; export出口;import進口; increase增加;permit作為動詞是允許,作為名詞是許可證;present作為動詞是贈送、展現(xiàn)、上演,作為名詞是禮物;progress作為動詞是前進、進展,作為名詞是進步、進展;record作為動詞是記錄、錄音,作為是記錄、唱片; transport運輸; perfect作為形容詞是完美的,作為動詞是使完美;

　　 三、 派生詞

　　 前綴及其意義 例詞

　　 un-(接動詞表相反動作;接形容詞表相反意思)

　　 dis-表相反意思