英語語法經典例題800例：虛擬語氣（測試題及詳解）
【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。自學庫英語網為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在自學庫英語網。
1. I still havent thanked Aunt Lucy for her present. Its time you _____.
A. do B. did
C. had D. would
2. If I hadnt been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.
A. dont know B. hadnt known
C. wasnt knowing D. wouldnt know
3. Ive told everyone about it. Oh, Id rather you _____.
A. dont B. hadnt
C. couldnt D. wouldnt
4. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadnt rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.
A. cant get B. wont get
C. hadnt got D. wouldnt get
5. Do you know his address? No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.
A. knew, live B. knew, lives
C. know, lives D. know, lived
6. Isnt it about time you _____ to do morning exercises? Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?
A. begin B. have begun
C. began D. had begun
7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay
C. had lain D. should lie
10. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
11. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later.
A. had said B. said
C. might say D. might have said
12. You didnt let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.
A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get
C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got
13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
14. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.
A. would have passed B. would pass
C. wouldnt have passed D. wouldnt pass
答案請看第二頁
【答案與解析】
1. 選B。Its time you did 為 Its time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法，its time 后從句通常要用過去式。
2. 選A。雖然前有虛擬條件句, 后有使用了虛擬語氣的賓語，但 I dont know 卻宜用一般現在時，因為 I dont know 表述的是現在的真實情況，句意為我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知(指現在不知)我會做出什么蠢事來。
3. 選B。Id rather 后接從句時，從句謂語的時態規律是：用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示過去。
4. 選A。we cant get there by tomorrow 為客觀事實，故宜用陳述語氣。
5. 選B。第一空填 knew，因為 I wish 后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣(即用過去式表示現在的想法);第二空要填lives，即用陳述語氣，因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實，而不是 I wish 的內容。
6. 選C。Its time / Its high time / Its about time 等后接從句時，從句謂語通常用過去式。
7. 選 B。此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句，主句與現在事實相反，條件句與過去事實相反。句意為：要不是在七歲時就迷上了 Melinda Cox 圖書館，我真不能想像我如今會在做什么。
8. 選 D。這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣，再根據前面的 hesitated 可進一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，由此可推知答案選 D。
9. 選 C。if only 意為要是就好了，其后的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣，同時根據 as the doctor instructed 中的過去時態可知從句是與過去事實相反，故選 C。
10. 選 A。without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現在事實相反的含蓄條件句。
11. 選 D。otherwise 在此相當于 if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一個與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句。
12. 選 D。根據句中的 didnt let me drive 可知，這是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句，條件句的謂語用 had+過去分詞，主句謂語用 would / should / could / might have+過去分詞。
13. 選 C。as if 引導的句子，有時用虛擬語氣，有時不用。原則上說，若指事實或可能為事實，不用虛擬語氣;若指現在，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時(be 用 were);若指過去用過去完成時，若指將來用過去將來時或用 were to do sth。又如下面一題要選 C：
It seems as if the sun ____ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west.
A. circles B. is circling
C. were circling D. has been circling
14. 選C。but for 的意思是若不是，要不是，用于引出與事實相反的假設，通常與虛擬語氣連用。根據句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示與過去事實相反，故選C。
【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。自學庫英語網為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在自學庫英語網。
1. I still havent thanked Aunt Lucy for her present. Its time you _____.
A. do B. did
C. had D. would
2. If I hadnt been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.
A. dont know B. hadnt known
C. wasnt knowing D. wouldnt know
3. Ive told everyone about it. Oh, Id rather you _____.
A. dont B. hadnt
C. couldnt D. wouldnt
4. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadnt rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.
A. cant get B. wont get
C. hadnt got D. wouldnt get
5. Do you know his address? No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.
A. knew, live B. knew, lives
C. know, lives D. know, lived
6. Isnt it about time you _____ to do morning exercises? Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?
A. begin B. have begun
C. began D. had begun
7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay
C. had lain D. should lie
10. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
11. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later.
A. had said B. said
C. might say D. might have said
12. You didnt let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.
A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get
C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got
13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
14. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.
A. would have passed B. would pass
C. wouldnt have passed D. wouldnt pass
答案請看第二頁
【答案與解析】
1. 選B。Its time you did 為 Its time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英語語法，its time 后從句通常要用過去式。
2. 選A。雖然前有虛擬條件句, 后有使用了虛擬語氣的賓語，但 I dont know 卻宜用一般現在時，因為 I dont know 表述的是現在的真實情況，句意為我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知(指現在不知)我會做出什么蠢事來。
3. 選B。Id rather 后接從句時，從句謂語的時態規律是：用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示過去。
4. 選A。we cant get there by tomorrow 為客觀事實，故宜用陳述語氣。
5. 選B。第一空填 knew，因為 I wish 后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣(即用過去式表示現在的想法);第二空要填lives，即用陳述語氣，因為 where he lives 是一個客觀事實，而不是 I wish 的內容。
6. 選C。Its time / Its high time / Its about time 等后接從句時，從句謂語通常用過去式。
7. 選 B。此題涉及錯綜時間虛擬條件句，主句與現在事實相反，條件句與過去事實相反。句意為：要不是在七歲時就迷上了 Melinda Cox 圖書館，我真不能想像我如今會在做什么。
8. 選 D。這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣，再根據前面的 hesitated 可進一步知道這是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，由此可推知答案選 D。
9. 選 C。if only 意為要是就好了，其后的句子謂語要用虛擬語氣，同時根據 as the doctor instructed 中的過去時態可知從句是與過去事實相反，故選 C。
10. 選 A。without 引出的介詞短語為一個與現在事實相反的含蓄條件句。
11. 選 D。otherwise 在此相當于 if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一個與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句。
12. 選 D。根據句中的 didnt let me drive 可知，這是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句，條件句的謂語用 had+過去分詞，主句謂語用 would / should / could / might have+過去分詞。
13. 選 C。as if 引導的句子，有時用虛擬語氣，有時不用。原則上說，若指事實或可能為事實，不用虛擬語氣;若指現在，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時(be 用 were);若指過去用過去完成時，若指將來用過去將來時或用 were to do sth。又如下面一題要選 C：
It seems as if the sun ____ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west.
A. circles B. is circling
C. were circling D. has been circling
14. 選C。but for 的意思是若不是，要不是，用于引出與事實相反的假設，通常與虛擬語氣連用。根據句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示與過去事實相反，故選C。
