[動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)]不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況
1) 不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),如appear, die disappear, end(vi. 結(jié)束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等沒(méi)有無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
After the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火過(guò)后,我家燒得所剩無(wú)幾。
比較:rise, fall, happen是不及物動(dòng)詞;raise, seat是及物動(dòng)詞。
(錯(cuò)) The price has been risen.
(對(duì)) The price has risen.
(錯(cuò)) The accident was happened last week.
(對(duì)) The accident happened last week.
(錯(cuò)) The price has raised.
(對(duì)) The price has been raised.
(錯(cuò)) Please seat.
(對(duì)) Please be seated.
要想正確地使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),就須注意哪些動(dòng)詞是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動(dòng)詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問(wèn)題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中多留意積累。
2) 不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如:
This key just fits the lock. 這把鑰匙只配這把鎖。
Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你說(shuō)的與我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)的一致。
3) 系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如:It sounds good. 聽(tīng)上去不錯(cuò)。
4) 帶同源賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞如die/death, dream/dream, live/life等,以及反身代詞,相互代詞,不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了個(gè)惡夢(mèng)。
5) 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí),很少用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
(對(duì)) She likes to swim.
(錯(cuò)) To swim is liked by her.
1) 不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),如appear, die disappear, end(vi. 結(jié)束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等沒(méi)有無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
After the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火過(guò)后,我家燒得所剩無(wú)幾。
比較:rise, fall, happen是不及物動(dòng)詞;raise, seat是及物動(dòng)詞。
(錯(cuò)) The price has been risen.
(對(duì)) The price has risen.
(錯(cuò)) The accident was happened last week.
(對(duì)) The accident happened last week.
(錯(cuò)) The price has raised.
(對(duì)) The price has been raised.
(錯(cuò)) Please seat.
(對(duì)) Please be seated.
要想正確地使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),就須注意哪些動(dòng)詞是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動(dòng)詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問(wèn)題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中多留意積累。
2) 不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如:
This key just fits the lock. 這把鑰匙只配這把鎖。
Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你說(shuō)的與我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)的一致。
3) 系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如:It sounds good. 聽(tīng)上去不錯(cuò)。
4) 帶同源賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞如die/death, dream/dream, live/life等,以及反身代詞,相互代詞,不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了個(gè)惡夢(mèng)。
5) 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí),很少用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
(對(duì)) She likes to swim.
(錯(cuò)) To swim is liked by her.