歷年GRE閱讀材料中的難句精選100句
21. As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed with the functionalsimilarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them.
隨著我的研究不斷深入，我對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)和脊椎動(dòng)物群落之間的功能類(lèi)似性印象愈來(lái)愈深刻，而對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異印象愈發(fā)淡漠，雖然這些結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異初看上去似乎構(gòu)成了二者間一條無(wú)法愈越的鴻溝。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)、省略
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渥拥闹虚g一段impressed with the functional similarites between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences容易令人看暈，其中的insect and vertebrate societies and less so with由兩個(gè)and連接了三個(gè)部分，然而它們其實(shí)不是同一層次的并列，第一個(gè)and實(shí)際上是between insect societies and vertebrate societies的一部分，是并列的，而and之后的less so with其實(shí)是對(duì)于一個(gè)完整的表達(dá)方式I have been increasingly less impressed with的省略形式，去掉了與前面重復(fù)的成分。
后面修飾的structural differences的定語(yǔ)從句that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf between them中，又出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)別扭的插入語(yǔ)at first glance，把應(yīng)該連在一起的seem to 粗暴地分開(kāi)，令人不熟悉此類(lèi)難句的人倍感不適。
意群訓(xùn)練：As my own studies have advanced, I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf between them.
22. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.
雖然小說(shuō)無(wú)疑起源于政治情狀，但其作者則是以非意識(shí)形態(tài)的方式對(duì)這些政治情狀作出反應(yīng)的，而將小說(shuō)和故事主要地當(dāng)作意識(shí)形態(tài)的工具來(lái)探討，會(huì)在相當(dāng)程度上阻礙小說(shuō)事業(yè)。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾
解釋?zhuān)罕揪鋸木渥拥慕Y(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)講，惟一的難度在于and之后的句子的主語(yǔ)talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments ofideology太長(zhǎng)，以至于看到謂語(yǔ)circumvent的時(shí)候已經(jīng)搞不清楚主謂了。更大的難度恐怕還在于對(duì)兩個(gè)詞匯的理解circumvent和enterprise。我們以前所背過(guò)的circumvent有兩個(gè)詞義，一個(gè)是規(guī)避，一是以計(jì)謀戰(zhàn)勝，但是這兩種意思放到此處都顯然不通;其實(shí)circumvent有一個(gè)我們沒(méi)有背過(guò)的最常用的意思是包圍、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企業(yè)，這里的指事業(yè)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.
23. Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying to forge，a different kind of aesthetic?
這究竟是一種缺陷呢，還是這些作者想要按照一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，抑或是在試圖創(chuàng)立一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系?
難句類(lèi)型：插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)罕揪涞木渥蛹榷蹋馑家膊浑y理解，但插入語(yǔ)的干擾作用卻極強(qiáng)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or trying to forge, a different kind of aesthetic?
24. In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomers Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism ; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted , a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression ?
不僅如此，有些黑人小說(shuō)的風(fēng)格接近與表現(xiàn)主義和超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義;這種技巧是否為流行的主題提供了一個(gè)和諧的對(duì)應(yīng)呢?這種主題刻畫(huà)了黑人注意與之相抗?fàn)幍拿\(yùn)，這是一個(gè)通常用更為自然主義的表現(xiàn)手法所表達(dá)的主題。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)涸诒揪渲杏腥齻€(gè)詞需要先解釋一番：verge on這個(gè)詞組是接近于、瀕于的意思，hero在文學(xué)作品中是主人公的意思，pit作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，除了挖坑、窖藏之外，還有使競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、使斗爭(zhēng)的意思，其英文釋義為：to set as gamecocks into or as if into a pit to fight, to set into opposition or rivalry usually used with against.在此用的是后一種語(yǔ)義的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)fate againt which Black heros are pitted.如果用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則是：pit black heros againt fate。
另外本句的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，分號(hào)之后是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，但是由于修飾成分過(guò)多，過(guò)長(zhǎng)，使得讀者看不清楚這個(gè)句子在問(wèn)什么。其實(shí)如果沒(méi)有最后的那個(gè)prevalent theme的同位語(yǔ)a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression，本句會(huì)易懂得多。
意群訓(xùn)練：In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomers Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?
25. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. 注意：bring A to B 〉bring to B A
《黑人小說(shuō)》考察了極為廣泛的一系列小說(shuō)，在此過(guò)程中讓我們注意到了某些引人入勝但卻鮮為人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韋爾登。約翰遜的《一個(gè)曾經(jīng)是有色人的自傳》。
難句類(lèi)型：倒裝
解釋?zhuān)涸谝詁ringing開(kāi)頭的作狀語(yǔ)的分詞中出現(xiàn)了倒裝，bring A to B被倒裝為bring to B A,其倒裝的原因仍是為了避免頭重腳輕，正常的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該如下：bringing some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man to our attention in the process.
意群訓(xùn)練：Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels， bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
26. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths， where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through，they absorb some of the longer-wavelength，infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surface，radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.
雖然這些分子允許可見(jiàn)波長(zhǎng)的輻射陽(yáng)光的絕大部分能量就匯集于此不受阻擋地穿透，但它們卻會(huì)吸收某些較長(zhǎng)波長(zhǎng)，亦即從地球表面輻射出的紅外發(fā)射，這種輻射若不是二氧化碳的緣故就會(huì)被重新輸送回太空。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞
解釋?zhuān)呵懊娴姆志渲杏幸粋€(gè)不算很長(zhǎng)的插入語(yǔ)，但是因?yàn)樗迦氲奈恢谜迷诠潭ù钆鋋llow something to do somthing中間，將allow和to分得很遠(yuǎn)，所以讀起來(lái)讓人感覺(jué)很不舒服。
后面的分句中的最后一行radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space是其前面的infrared emissions的同位語(yǔ)。其中的otherwise是副詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示如果后面的分句所說(shuō)的they absorb some of the longer-waverlength, infrared emissions不發(fā)生時(shí)的后果。
意群訓(xùn)練：Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths， where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated， to pass through， they absorb some of the longer-wavelength， infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surface， radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.
27. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraintsways of feeling，thinking，and acting thatcome naturally in archetypal situations in any culture.
這些人類(lèi)學(xué)家所歸諸于生物進(jìn)化的作用，不是規(guī)定人類(lèi)行為的種種細(xì)節(jié)，而是將各種限制強(qiáng)加于人類(lèi)即在任何文化的典型情景中都會(huì)自然表露的情感、思維、以及行動(dòng)方式。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略
解釋?zhuān)罕M管我們很熟悉the role of something的這種表達(dá)，但本句中the role of被作者勝利很活。首先，在role后面有一個(gè)省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的定語(yǔ)從句，這樣就把role和系動(dòng)詞is隔得很遠(yuǎn)。其次，but前面的句子的主要結(jié)構(gòu)The role is not of doing something其實(shí)是The role is not the role of doing something的省略形式，因?yàn)楹竺娴膖he role與前面的完全重復(fù)，如果不把它省略掉，誰(shuí)看到都要覺(jué)得啰嗦。因?yàn)橥瑯拥牡览恚琤ut之后的one of imposing constraints實(shí)際上是is one role of imposing constraints的省略形式。
意群訓(xùn)練：The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints ways of feeling， thinking，and acting thatcome naturally in archetypal situations in any culture.
28. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
以下哪一個(gè)選項(xiàng)最有可能為文章中所談到的與人類(lèi)行為有關(guān)的人類(lèi)行為細(xì)節(jié)相對(duì)人類(lèi)所受限制之間的差異，從人類(lèi)形態(tài)的角度上提供了一個(gè)合適的類(lèi)比?
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渥釉谒蠫RE或GMAT閱讀題的題干中是最難讀懂的題干之一。本句不但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，而且用詞抽象，使得讀者如果想根據(jù)語(yǔ)義來(lái)搞清楚誰(shuí)修飾誰(shuí)，也變得極為困難。分析如下：本句的主干是Which of the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraints distinction?. Versus是一個(gè)介詞，等于against，即體育比賽中的VS。其他的所有成分均是一些修飾成分。其中一個(gè)對(duì)答題最重要的限制條件是from human morphology， 說(shuō)明這種類(lèi)比的比較雙方所比的必須是人類(lèi)形態(tài)上的特征。
意群訓(xùn)練：Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
29. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers had removed most of the algae.
在存在大量食草動(dòng)物的同時(shí)卻只有少量的水藻花粉囊，這暗示出但沒(méi)能證明食草動(dòng)物已吞噬了大部分水藻。
難句類(lèi)型：插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渲髡Z(yǔ)很長(zhǎng)，而且謂語(yǔ)suggested與that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句間被插入語(yǔ)but did not prove隔開(kāi)，造成閱讀障礙。當(dāng)suggest與but did not prove連在一起使用的時(shí)候，其意思不是建議，而是指一種基于主觀臆測(cè)的推理，中文翻譯成暗示。其英文釋義為：to call to mind by though or association the explosion suggested sabotage。GRE、GMAT及LSAT文章中，常用suggest，but do not prove來(lái)描述一種沒(méi)有真憑實(shí)據(jù)、可能有問(wèn)題的理論，然后在后面的敘述中把它否定掉。
意群訓(xùn)練：A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers had removed most of the algae.
30. Perhaps the fact many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net , a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on , led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.
可能這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是很多這樣的最初的研究只是考慮了那些能夠用網(wǎng)撈起來(lái)的大小的水藻，這樣一個(gè)忽視了更小的浮游生物的做法，導(dǎo)致了在接下來(lái)的研究中對(duì)于捕食者的作用的貶低。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)壕渥拥慕Y(jié)構(gòu)繁雜。句子的主語(yǔ)令人吃驚地長(zhǎng)，在最后一個(gè)逗號(hào)后的led以前，全是主語(yǔ)!其實(shí)句子的主干簡(jiǎn)單，就是the fact led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers。但是本句的主語(yǔ)the fact后面的修飾成分長(zhǎng)得嚇人，先是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句;定語(yǔ)從句中又套了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。然后逗號(hào)后面的a practice引導(dǎo)的部分是前面的主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)兼任插入語(yǔ)，practice后面的修飾它的一大堆東西又是定語(yǔ)從句套著定語(yǔ)從句。本句是典型的層層修飾結(jié)構(gòu)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net, a pratice that overlooked the smaller that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.
21. As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed with the functionalsimilarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them.
隨著我的研究不斷深入，我對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)和脊椎動(dòng)物群落之間的功能類(lèi)似性印象愈來(lái)愈深刻，而對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異印象愈發(fā)淡漠，雖然這些結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異初看上去似乎構(gòu)成了二者間一條無(wú)法愈越的鴻溝。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)、省略
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渥拥闹虚g一段impressed with the functional similarites between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences容易令人看暈，其中的insect and vertebrate societies and less so with由兩個(gè)and連接了三個(gè)部分，然而它們其實(shí)不是同一層次的并列，第一個(gè)and實(shí)際上是between insect societies and vertebrate societies的一部分，是并列的，而and之后的less so with其實(shí)是對(duì)于一個(gè)完整的表達(dá)方式I have been increasingly less impressed with的省略形式，去掉了與前面重復(fù)的成分。
后面修飾的structural differences的定語(yǔ)從句that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf between them中，又出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)別扭的插入語(yǔ)at first glance，把應(yīng)該連在一起的seem to 粗暴地分開(kāi)，令人不熟悉此類(lèi)難句的人倍感不適。
意群訓(xùn)練：As my own studies have advanced, I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf between them.
22. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.
雖然小說(shuō)無(wú)疑起源于政治情狀，但其作者則是以非意識(shí)形態(tài)的方式對(duì)這些政治情狀作出反應(yīng)的，而將小說(shuō)和故事主要地當(dāng)作意識(shí)形態(tài)的工具來(lái)探討，會(huì)在相當(dāng)程度上阻礙小說(shuō)事業(yè)。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾
解釋?zhuān)罕揪鋸木渥拥慕Y(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)講，惟一的難度在于and之后的句子的主語(yǔ)talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments ofideology太長(zhǎng)，以至于看到謂語(yǔ)circumvent的時(shí)候已經(jīng)搞不清楚主謂了。更大的難度恐怕還在于對(duì)兩個(gè)詞匯的理解circumvent和enterprise。我們以前所背過(guò)的circumvent有兩個(gè)詞義，一個(gè)是規(guī)避，一是以計(jì)謀戰(zhàn)勝，但是這兩種意思放到此處都顯然不通;其實(shí)circumvent有一個(gè)我們沒(méi)有背過(guò)的最常用的意思是包圍、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企業(yè)，這里的指事業(yè)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.
23. Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying to forge，a different kind of aesthetic?
這究竟是一種缺陷呢，還是這些作者想要按照一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作，抑或是在試圖創(chuàng)立一種與眾不同的美學(xué)體系?
難句類(lèi)型：插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)罕揪涞木渥蛹榷蹋馑家膊浑y理解，但插入語(yǔ)的干擾作用卻極強(qiáng)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or trying to forge, a different kind of aesthetic?
24. In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomers Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism ; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted , a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression ?
不僅如此，有些黑人小說(shuō)的風(fēng)格接近與表現(xiàn)主義和超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義;這種技巧是否為流行的主題提供了一個(gè)和諧的對(duì)應(yīng)呢?這種主題刻畫(huà)了黑人注意與之相抗?fàn)幍拿\(yùn)，這是一個(gè)通常用更為自然主義的表現(xiàn)手法所表達(dá)的主題。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)涸诒揪渲杏腥齻€(gè)詞需要先解釋一番：verge on這個(gè)詞組是接近于、瀕于的意思，hero在文學(xué)作品中是主人公的意思，pit作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，除了挖坑、窖藏之外，還有使競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、使斗爭(zhēng)的意思，其英文釋義為：to set as gamecocks into or as if into a pit to fight, to set into opposition or rivalry usually used with against.在此用的是后一種語(yǔ)義的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)fate againt which Black heros are pitted.如果用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則是：pit black heros againt fate。
另外本句的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，分號(hào)之后是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，但是由于修飾成分過(guò)多，過(guò)長(zhǎng)，使得讀者看不清楚這個(gè)句子在問(wèn)什么。其實(shí)如果沒(méi)有最后的那個(gè)prevalent theme的同位語(yǔ)a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression，本句會(huì)易懂得多。
意群訓(xùn)練：In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomers Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?
25. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. 注意：bring A to B 〉bring to B A
《黑人小說(shuō)》考察了極為廣泛的一系列小說(shuō)，在此過(guò)程中讓我們注意到了某些引人入勝但卻鮮為人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韋爾登。約翰遜的《一個(gè)曾經(jīng)是有色人的自傳》。
難句類(lèi)型：倒裝
解釋?zhuān)涸谝詁ringing開(kāi)頭的作狀語(yǔ)的分詞中出現(xiàn)了倒裝，bring A to B被倒裝為bring to B A,其倒裝的原因仍是為了避免頭重腳輕，正常的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該如下：bringing some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man to our attention in the process.
意群訓(xùn)練：Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels， bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnsons Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
26. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths， where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated，to pass through，they absorb some of the longer-wavelength，infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surface，radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.
雖然這些分子允許可見(jiàn)波長(zhǎng)的輻射陽(yáng)光的絕大部分能量就匯集于此不受阻擋地穿透，但它們卻會(huì)吸收某些較長(zhǎng)波長(zhǎng)，亦即從地球表面輻射出的紅外發(fā)射，這種輻射若不是二氧化碳的緣故就會(huì)被重新輸送回太空。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞
解釋?zhuān)呵懊娴姆志渲杏幸粋€(gè)不算很長(zhǎng)的插入語(yǔ)，但是因?yàn)樗迦氲奈恢谜迷诠潭ù钆鋋llow something to do somthing中間，將allow和to分得很遠(yuǎn)，所以讀起來(lái)讓人感覺(jué)很不舒服。
后面的分句中的最后一行radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space是其前面的infrared emissions的同位語(yǔ)。其中的otherwise是副詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示如果后面的分句所說(shuō)的they absorb some of the longer-waverlength, infrared emissions不發(fā)生時(shí)的后果。
意群訓(xùn)練：Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths， where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated， to pass through， they absorb some of the longer-wavelength， infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surface， radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.
27. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraintsways of feeling，thinking，and acting thatcome naturally in archetypal situations in any culture.
這些人類(lèi)學(xué)家所歸諸于生物進(jìn)化的作用，不是規(guī)定人類(lèi)行為的種種細(xì)節(jié)，而是將各種限制強(qiáng)加于人類(lèi)即在任何文化的典型情景中都會(huì)自然表露的情感、思維、以及行動(dòng)方式。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略
解釋?zhuān)罕M管我們很熟悉the role of something的這種表達(dá)，但本句中the role of被作者勝利很活。首先，在role后面有一個(gè)省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的定語(yǔ)從句，這樣就把role和系動(dòng)詞is隔得很遠(yuǎn)。其次，but前面的句子的主要結(jié)構(gòu)The role is not of doing something其實(shí)是The role is not the role of doing something的省略形式，因?yàn)楹竺娴膖he role與前面的完全重復(fù)，如果不把它省略掉，誰(shuí)看到都要覺(jué)得啰嗦。因?yàn)橥瑯拥牡览恚琤ut之后的one of imposing constraints實(shí)際上是is one role of imposing constraints的省略形式。
意群訓(xùn)練：The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints ways of feeling， thinking，and acting thatcome naturally in archetypal situations in any culture.
28. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
以下哪一個(gè)選項(xiàng)最有可能為文章中所談到的與人類(lèi)行為有關(guān)的人類(lèi)行為細(xì)節(jié)相對(duì)人類(lèi)所受限制之間的差異，從人類(lèi)形態(tài)的角度上提供了一個(gè)合適的類(lèi)比?
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渥釉谒蠫RE或GMAT閱讀題的題干中是最難讀懂的題干之一。本句不但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，而且用詞抽象，使得讀者如果想根據(jù)語(yǔ)義來(lái)搞清楚誰(shuí)修飾誰(shuí)，也變得極為困難。分析如下：本句的主干是Which of the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraints distinction?. Versus是一個(gè)介詞，等于against，即體育比賽中的VS。其他的所有成分均是一些修飾成分。其中一個(gè)對(duì)答題最重要的限制條件是from human morphology， 說(shuō)明這種類(lèi)比的比較雙方所比的必須是人類(lèi)形態(tài)上的特征。
意群訓(xùn)練：Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
29. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers had removed most of the algae.
在存在大量食草動(dòng)物的同時(shí)卻只有少量的水藻花粉囊，這暗示出但沒(méi)能證明食草動(dòng)物已吞噬了大部分水藻。
難句類(lèi)型：插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)罕揪渲髡Z(yǔ)很長(zhǎng)，而且謂語(yǔ)suggested與that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句間被插入語(yǔ)but did not prove隔開(kāi)，造成閱讀障礙。當(dāng)suggest與but did not prove連在一起使用的時(shí)候，其意思不是建議，而是指一種基于主觀臆測(cè)的推理，中文翻譯成暗示。其英文釋義為：to call to mind by though or association the explosion suggested sabotage。GRE、GMAT及LSAT文章中，常用suggest，but do not prove來(lái)描述一種沒(méi)有真憑實(shí)據(jù)、可能有問(wèn)題的理論，然后在后面的敘述中把它否定掉。
意群訓(xùn)練：A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested，but did not prove， that the grazers had removed most of the algae.
30. Perhaps the fact many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net , a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on , led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.
可能這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是很多這樣的最初的研究只是考慮了那些能夠用網(wǎng)撈起來(lái)的大小的水藻，這樣一個(gè)忽視了更小的浮游生物的做法，導(dǎo)致了在接下來(lái)的研究中對(duì)于捕食者的作用的貶低。
難句類(lèi)型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)
解釋?zhuān)壕渥拥慕Y(jié)構(gòu)繁雜。句子的主語(yǔ)令人吃驚地長(zhǎng)，在最后一個(gè)逗號(hào)后的led以前，全是主語(yǔ)!其實(shí)句子的主干簡(jiǎn)單，就是the fact led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers。但是本句的主語(yǔ)the fact后面的修飾成分長(zhǎng)得嚇人，先是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句;定語(yǔ)從句中又套了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。然后逗號(hào)后面的a practice引導(dǎo)的部分是前面的主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)兼任插入語(yǔ)，practice后面的修飾它的一大堆東西又是定語(yǔ)從句套著定語(yǔ)從句。本句是典型的層層修飾結(jié)構(gòu)。
意群訓(xùn)練：Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net, a pratice that overlooked the smaller that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.
