SAT閱讀題型介紹與例題講解
下面SAT思為大家整理了SAT閱讀題型介紹與例題講解，供考生們參考，以下是詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。
SAT的閱讀部分對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是最難對(duì)付的了，一是它的詞匯量要求極大;二是它對(duì)時(shí)間的要求甚嚴(yán)，三是它的問(wèn)題中有一些即使翻譯成漢語(yǔ)也是很不好回答的。
SAT閱讀部分由3個(gè)試卷共65道選擇題組成，均是選擇試題。每道選擇題有五項(xiàng)選擇答案，總測(cè)試時(shí)間為70分鐘。下表是閱讀試題的一個(gè)得分換算表，盡管每次考試的得分表略有不同，但不會(huì)有大的變化。表中左面的一列是原始分?jǐn)?shù)，右面的一列為最終得分。
這里，C是英文Correct的縮寫，它代表答對(duì)的題目數(shù);W是英文Wrong的縮寫，代表答錯(cuò)的多項(xiàng)選擇題數(shù)乘以1/4后再把結(jié)果四舍五入后得到的值。
如果一位考生答對(duì)了65道題，錯(cuò)了2道題，那么他的C =65，W=1，所以的R=C-W=65-1=64;由上表得知該考生的SAT閱讀部分的得分是滿分。由此可見在SAT考試中盡管你錯(cuò)了題，但仍然可能得滿分。
本節(jié)將通過(guò)如下的4部分內(nèi)容使讀者對(duì)SAT閱讀有一個(gè)清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)和基本的了解。這4部分是SAT閱讀考核何種能力;SAT閱讀的出題方式;SAT閱讀的特點(diǎn);SAT閱讀的典型試題。
一、SAT閱讀考核何種能力
SAT閱讀不是測(cè)試考生掌握了多少文學(xué)知識(shí)，也不是考核考生掌握了多少修辭技巧，它是通過(guò)語(yǔ)言這個(gè)媒介測(cè)試考生的綜合理解和分析能力，或者更為露骨的說(shuō)它是在考核考生的智商。在前面我們已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)今天的SAT考試起源于智商考試，故直至今日SAT閱讀試題仍然有智商考試的影子，它注重考核閱讀速度，速記能力，分析能力，快速歸納能力等;而不考核文學(xué)常識(shí)，修辭方法，組造句等一般的語(yǔ)文內(nèi)容，可以說(shuō)這一考試與美國(guó)高中4年所學(xué)的語(yǔ)文課程沒(méi)有什么直接的關(guān)聯(lián)，也就是說(shuō)它純粹是能力考試而不是知識(shí)考試。這與中國(guó)高考的語(yǔ)文考試是大不相同的。
二、SAT閱讀的出題方式
在閱讀試卷里有三類試題。第一類是句子填空題，第二類是短文問(wèn)答題，第三類是長(zhǎng)文問(wèn)答題。
1.句子填空試題
這類試題分布在兩個(gè)試卷中，共有18道。題型是在一個(gè)完整的句子里，把一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞抽出，并在抽出位置的下面畫上線以示意這里需要填上一個(gè)詞。題目要求考生在5組選項(xiàng)中，找出最佳答案。被抽出的詞可能是名詞、動(dòng)詞或形容詞等;句子也可能是簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句或者是復(fù)合句。
2.短文問(wèn)答題
這類試題存在于兩個(gè)試卷中，每張卷子中有兩篇短文，每篇短文有100個(gè)詞左右，短文可能是各種題材的段子;兩組短文共8道試題，每個(gè)短文各自獨(dú)立并有各自不同的問(wèn)題，問(wèn)題都是圍繞短文內(nèi)容提問(wèn)的。
3.長(zhǎng)文問(wèn)答題
這類題目是閱讀部分的核心，所占比例最大，在3份試卷中都有長(zhǎng)文，它可分為兩種：?jiǎn)为?dú)的長(zhǎng)文和對(duì)比性文章。單獨(dú)的長(zhǎng)文長(zhǎng)達(dá)100行左右，800-900個(gè)單詞，并跟有十來(lái)道問(wèn)題;對(duì)比性文章是由兩篇文章組成，每篇文章約有40-50行，400字左右，最后給出一些問(wèn)題，一些是關(guān)于其中一篇文章的，而另一些則是關(guān)于兩篇文章的對(duì)比關(guān)系的。
長(zhǎng)文通常涉及的問(wèn)題類型包括：本篇文章的主要觀點(diǎn)及中心主題;在本篇文章中作者對(duì)所論述問(wèn)題的態(tài)度及基本觀點(diǎn);判斷所閱讀文章的體裁形式;什么是文章中的基本事實(shí);閱讀材料的含義或暗指是什么;難詞、偏詞、怪詞及多義詞在這篇文章中的準(zhǔn)確意思是什么等等。
三、SAT閱讀的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)試技巧
1.句子填空題
由于考試時(shí)間緊迫，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循先易后難的原則，因?yàn)镾AT填空試題一般是由易到難的順序出題，故可按題的順序做題。對(duì)于位于后面的一些難度比較大的題型，往往很難直接將答案選出，故可大膽采取排除法，將錯(cuò)誤答案排除，逐漸縮小選擇范圍，最后得出正確答案。
2.短文問(wèn)答題
解這類問(wèn)題時(shí)首先不要由于它們短而小看它們。正因?yàn)樗鼈兌蹋詢?nèi)容比較集中，這就更應(yīng)該仔細(xì)地讀。由于兩篇文章各自獨(dú)立互不影響，又沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)到兩篇文章的問(wèn)題，更主要的是題目少，便于記憶，所以可以先看問(wèn)題，后看文章。
3.長(zhǎng)文問(wèn)答題
對(duì)于這類題，一般是先看文章后看問(wèn)題，看文章要弄清楚文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、邏輯關(guān)系、作者的態(tài)度等等，還要看出文中的觀點(diǎn)。這種長(zhǎng)文章涉及的范圍也很廣，各個(gè)學(xué)科都可能涉及到，而且專業(yè)詞匯很多，難詞偏詞也不少。由于長(zhǎng)文閱讀需要較大的詞匯量，且文章較長(zhǎng)，閱讀的時(shí)間又很短，所以抓住重點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵，可能你會(huì)說(shuō)把所有的內(nèi)容都記住不是更好嗎，說(shuō)實(shí)話，這幾乎是不可能的。
對(duì)于這種閱讀，先看第一篇文章，然后回答與第一篇文章相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，再看第二篇文章，之后回答與第二篇文章相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，最后回答與兩篇文章相關(guān)的問(wèn)題。要牢記找答案的根據(jù)是文章里的敘述，而不是你的常識(shí)，另外選擇答案中可能有幾個(gè)都不錯(cuò)，這時(shí)你要選擇其中你認(rèn)為比較好的那個(gè)。
每一篇文章均有其主要觀點(diǎn)或中心主題。這些題往往比較難，望考生在讀文章時(shí)就應(yīng)注意。常見的提問(wèn)方法有：這篇文章中作者的主要目的是什么?這篇文章主要涉及什么問(wèn)題?這篇文章主要建議是什么?這篇文章總體上想要回答什么問(wèn)題等等。
四、SAT閱讀典型試題
為了讓讀者感受一下SAT閱讀試題，下面給出了從真題中抽取出的一部分題目，并把它們按類型分成三個(gè)組。
1.句子填空試題
1. Many private universities depend heavily on -------, the wealthy individuals who support them with gifts and bequests。
Instructors administrators monitors accountants benefactors
2. One of the characters in Milton Murayamas novel is considered ------- because he deliberately defies an oppressive hierarchical society。
rebellious impulsive artistic industrious tyrannical
3. Nightjars possess a camouflage perhaps unparalleled in the bird world: by day they roost hidden in shady woods, so ------- with their surroundings that they are nearly impossible to -------。
vexed . . dislodge blended . . discern
harmonized . . interrupt impatient . . distinguish
integrated . . classify
4. Many economists believe that since resources are scarce and since human desires cannot all be -------, a method of ------- is needed。
indulged . . apportionment verified . . distribution
usurped . . expropriation expressed . . reparation
anticipated . . advertising
2.短文閱讀試題
Questions 5-8 are based on the following passages。
Passage 1
Line I know what your e-mail in-box looks like, and it isnt pretty: a babble of come-ons and lies from hucksters and con artists. To find your real e-mail, you must wade through the torrent of fraud and obscenity known politely 5 as unsolicited bulk e-mail and colloquially as spam。
In a perverse tribute to the power of the online revolution, we are all suddenly getting the same mail: easy weight loss, get-rich-quick schemes, etc. The crush of these messages is now numbered in billions per day. Its becoming 10 a major systems and engineering and network problem, says one e-mail expert. Spammers are gaining control of the Internet。
Passage 2
Many people who hate spam assume that it is protected as free speech. Not necessarily so. The United States 15 Supreme Court has previously ruled that individuals may preserve a threshold of privacy. Nothing in the
Constitution compels us to listen to or view any unwanted communication, whatever its merit, wrote Chief Justice Warren Burger in a 1970 decision. We therefore category- 20 cally reject the argument that a vendor has a right to send unwanted material into the home of another。 With regard to a seemingly similar problem, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 made it illegal in the United States to send unsolicited faxes; why not extend the act to include
25 unsolicited bulk e-mail?
5. The primary purpose of Passage 1 is to
make a comparison
dispute a hypothesis
settle a controversy
justify a distinction
highlight a concern
6. The primary purpose of Passage 2 is to
confirm a widely held belief
discuss the inadequacies of a ruling
defend a controversial technology
analyze a widespread social problem
lay the foundation for a course of action
7. What would be the most likely reaction by the author of Passage 1 to the argument cited in lines 16-21 of Passage 2 ?
Surprise at the assumption that freedom of speech is indispensable to democracy Dismay at the Supreme Courts vigorous defense of vendors rights Hope that the same reasoning would be applied to all unsolicited e-mail Concern for the plight of mass marketers facing substantial economic losses Appreciation for the political complexity of the debate about spam
8. Unlike the author of Passage 1, the author of Passage 2
criticizes a practice
offers an example
proposes a solution
states an opinion
quotes an expert
3.長(zhǎng)文閱讀試題
下面是一篇閱讀長(zhǎng)文，由于篇幅原因只列出文章但未給出問(wèn)題，作者在此只想讓大家感受一下，若讀者有興趣練習(xí)更多的試題的話，請(qǐng)看其他關(guān)于SAT的書籍。
Passage 1 is from a 2003 book that examines the famousI Have a Dream speech delivered by Martin Luth rKing, Jr. at the historic March on Washington in August 1963. Passage 2 is from a 2000 biography of Martin Luther King, Jr. written by an African American scholar。
Passage 1
The ability of the I Have a Dream speech to highlight Kings early career at the expense of his later career accounts for the tone of impatience and betrayal that often appears when modern-day supporters of Kings agenda talk about the speech. Former Georgia state legislator Julian Bond said in 1986 that commemorations of King seemed to focus almost entirely on Martin Luther King the dreamer, not on Martin King the antiwar activist, not on Martin King the challenger of the economic order, not on Martin King the opponent of apartheid, not on the complete Martin Luther King。 One King scholar has proposed a ten-year moratorium on reading or listening to theI Have a Dreamspeech, in the hopes that America will then discover the rest of Kings legacy. This proposal effectively concedes that Kings magnificent address cannot be recovered from the misuse and over quotation it has suffered since his death. But it is not clear that this is so. Even now, upon hearing the speech, one is struck by the many forms of Kings genius. Many people can still remember the first time they heard I Have a Dream, and they tend to speak of that memory with the reverence reserved for a religious experience. At the very least, reflecting on the I Have a Dream speech should be an opportunity to be grateful for the astonishing transformation of America that the freedom movement wrought. In just under a decade, the civil rights movement brought down a system of segregation that stood essentially unaltered since Reconstruction. Kings dreams of an America free from racial discrimination are still some distance away, but it is astounding how far the nation has come since that hot August day in 1963. Segregation in the South has been dismantled; there are no longer Whites Only signs; segregationist governors do not try to prevent Black children from entering public schools. Toward the end of his life, King preached a sermon entitled Ingratitude, in which he called ingratitude one of the greatest of all sins, because the sinner fail to realize his dependence on others。 The annual Martin Luther King holiday is properly a day of national thanksgiving, a time for the nation to recognize the immense debt it owes to King and the thousands of heroes of the civil rights movement for saving the soul of America。
Passage 2
Martin Luther King was at his best when he was willing to reshape the wisdom of many of his intellectual predecessors. He ingeniously harnessed their ideas to his views to advocate sweeping social change. He believed that his early views on race failed to challenge America fundamentally. He later confessed that he had underestimated how deeply entrenched racism was in America. If Black Americans could not depend on goodwill to create social change, they had to provoke social change through bigger efforts at nonviolent direct action. This meant that Blacks and their allies had to obtain political power. They also had to try to restructure American society, solving the riddles of poverty and economic inequality. This is not the image of King that is celebrated on Martin Luther King Day. Many of Kings admirers are uncomfortable with a focus on his mature beliefs. They seek to deflect unfair attacks on Kings legacy by shrouding him in the cloth of superhuman heroism. In truth, this shroud is little more than romantic tissue. Kings image has often suffered a sad fate. His strengths have been needlessly exaggerated, his weaknesses wildly overplayed. Kings true legacy has been lost to cultural amnesia. As a nation, we have emphasized Kings aspiration to save America through inspiring words and sacrificial deeds. Time and again we replay the powerful image of King standing on a national stage in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial mouthing perhaps the most famous four words ever uttered by a Black American: I have a dream。 For most Americans, those words capture Kings unique genius. They express his immortal longing for freedom, a longing that is familiar to every person who dares imagine a future beyond unjust laws and unfair customs. The edifying universality of those four wordswho has not dreamed, and who cannot identify with people whose dreams of a better world are punished with violence?helps to explain their durability. But those words survive, too, because they comfort folk who would rather entertain the dreams of unfree people than confront their rage and despair。
4.試題答案
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
下面SAT思為大家整理了SAT閱讀題型介紹與例題講解，供考生們參考，以下是詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。
SAT的閱讀部分對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是最難對(duì)付的了，一是它的詞匯量要求極大;二是它對(duì)時(shí)間的要求甚嚴(yán)，三是它的問(wèn)題中有一些即使翻譯成漢語(yǔ)也是很不好回答的。
SAT閱讀部分由3個(gè)試卷共65道選擇題組成，均是選擇試題。每道選擇題有五項(xiàng)選擇答案，總測(cè)試時(shí)間為70分鐘。下表是閱讀試題的一個(gè)得分換算表，盡管每次考試的得分表略有不同，但不會(huì)有大的變化。表中左面的一列是原始分?jǐn)?shù)，右面的一列為最終得分。
這里，C是英文Correct的縮寫，它代表答對(duì)的題目數(shù);W是英文Wrong的縮寫，代表答錯(cuò)的多項(xiàng)選擇題數(shù)乘以1/4后再把結(jié)果四舍五入后得到的值。
如果一位考生答對(duì)了65道題，錯(cuò)了2道題，那么他的C =65，W=1，所以的R=C-W=65-1=64;由上表得知該考生的SAT閱讀部分的得分是滿分。由此可見在SAT考試中盡管你錯(cuò)了題，但仍然可能得滿分。
本節(jié)將通過(guò)如下的4部分內(nèi)容使讀者對(duì)SAT閱讀有一個(gè)清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)和基本的了解。這4部分是SAT閱讀考核何種能力;SAT閱讀的出題方式;SAT閱讀的特點(diǎn);SAT閱讀的典型試題。
一、SAT閱讀考核何種能力
SAT閱讀不是測(cè)試考生掌握了多少文學(xué)知識(shí)，也不是考核考生掌握了多少修辭技巧，它是通過(guò)語(yǔ)言這個(gè)媒介測(cè)試考生的綜合理解和分析能力，或者更為露骨的說(shuō)它是在考核考生的智商。在前面我們已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)今天的SAT考試起源于智商考試，故直至今日SAT閱讀試題仍然有智商考試的影子，它注重考核閱讀速度，速記能力，分析能力，快速歸納能力等;而不考核文學(xué)常識(shí)，修辭方法，組造句等一般的語(yǔ)文內(nèi)容，可以說(shuō)這一考試與美國(guó)高中4年所學(xué)的語(yǔ)文課程沒(méi)有什么直接的關(guān)聯(lián)，也就是說(shuō)它純粹是能力考試而不是知識(shí)考試。這與中國(guó)高考的語(yǔ)文考試是大不相同的。
二、SAT閱讀的出題方式
在閱讀試卷里有三類試題。第一類是句子填空題，第二類是短文問(wèn)答題，第三類是長(zhǎng)文問(wèn)答題。
1.句子填空試題
這類試題分布在兩個(gè)試卷中，共有18道。題型是在一個(gè)完整的句子里，把一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞抽出，并在抽出位置的下面畫上線以示意這里需要填上一個(gè)詞。題目要求考生在5組選項(xiàng)中，找出最佳答案。被抽出的詞可能是名詞、動(dòng)詞或形容詞等;句子也可能是簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句或者是復(fù)合句。
2.短文問(wèn)答題
這類試題存在于兩個(gè)試卷中，每張卷子中有兩篇短文，每篇短文有100個(gè)詞左右，短文可能是各種題材的段子;兩組短文共8道試題，每個(gè)短文各自獨(dú)立并有各自不同的問(wèn)題，問(wèn)題都是圍繞短文內(nèi)容提問(wèn)的。
3.長(zhǎng)文問(wèn)答題
這類題目是閱讀部分的核心，所占比例最大，在3份試卷中都有長(zhǎng)文，它可分為兩種：?jiǎn)为?dú)的長(zhǎng)文和對(duì)比性文章。單獨(dú)的長(zhǎng)文長(zhǎng)達(dá)100行左右，800-900個(gè)單詞，并跟有十來(lái)道問(wèn)題;對(duì)比性文章是由兩篇文章組成，每篇文章約有40-50行，400字左右，最后給出一些問(wèn)題，一些是關(guān)于其中一篇文章的，而另一些則是關(guān)于兩篇文章的對(duì)比關(guān)系的。
長(zhǎng)文通常涉及的問(wèn)題類型包括：本篇文章的主要觀點(diǎn)及中心主題;在本篇文章中作者對(duì)所論述問(wèn)題的態(tài)度及基本觀點(diǎn);判斷所閱讀文章的體裁形式;什么是文章中的基本事實(shí);閱讀材料的含義或暗指是什么;難詞、偏詞、怪詞及多義詞在這篇文章中的準(zhǔn)確意思是什么等等。
三、SAT閱讀的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)試技巧
1.句子填空題
由于考試時(shí)間緊迫，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循先易后難的原則，因?yàn)镾AT填空試題一般是由易到難的順序出題，故可按題的順序做題。對(duì)于位于后面的一些難度比較大的題型，往往很難直接將答案選出，故可大膽采取排除法，將錯(cuò)誤答案排除，逐漸縮小選擇范圍，最后得出正確答案。
2.短文問(wèn)答題
解這類問(wèn)題時(shí)首先不要由于它們短而小看它們。正因?yàn)樗鼈兌蹋詢?nèi)容比較集中，這就更應(yīng)該仔細(xì)地讀。由于兩篇文章各自獨(dú)立互不影響，又沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)到兩篇文章的問(wèn)題，更主要的是題目少，便于記憶，所以可以先看問(wèn)題，后看文章。
3.長(zhǎng)文問(wèn)答題
對(duì)于這類題，一般是先看文章后看問(wèn)題，看文章要弄清楚文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、邏輯關(guān)系、作者的態(tài)度等等，還要看出文中的觀點(diǎn)。這種長(zhǎng)文章涉及的范圍也很廣，各個(gè)學(xué)科都可能涉及到，而且專業(yè)詞匯很多，難詞偏詞也不少。由于長(zhǎng)文閱讀需要較大的詞匯量，且文章較長(zhǎng)，閱讀的時(shí)間又很短，所以抓住重點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵，可能你會(huì)說(shuō)把所有的內(nèi)容都記住不是更好嗎，說(shuō)實(shí)話，這幾乎是不可能的。
對(duì)于這種閱讀，先看第一篇文章，然后回答與第一篇文章相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，再看第二篇文章，之后回答與第二篇文章相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，最后回答與兩篇文章相關(guān)的問(wèn)題。要牢記找答案的根據(jù)是文章里的敘述，而不是你的常識(shí)，另外選擇答案中可能有幾個(gè)都不錯(cuò)，這時(shí)你要選擇其中你認(rèn)為比較好的那個(gè)。
每一篇文章均有其主要觀點(diǎn)或中心主題。這些題往往比較難，望考生在讀文章時(shí)就應(yīng)注意。常見的提問(wèn)方法有：這篇文章中作者的主要目的是什么?這篇文章主要涉及什么問(wèn)題?這篇文章主要建議是什么?這篇文章總體上想要回答什么問(wèn)題等等。
四、SAT閱讀典型試題
為了讓讀者感受一下SAT閱讀試題，下面給出了從真題中抽取出的一部分題目，并把它們按類型分成三個(gè)組。
1.句子填空試題
1. Many private universities depend heavily on -------, the wealthy individuals who support them with gifts and bequests。
Instructors administrators monitors accountants benefactors
2. One of the characters in Milton Murayamas novel is considered ------- because he deliberately defies an oppressive hierarchical society。
rebellious impulsive artistic industrious tyrannical
3. Nightjars possess a camouflage perhaps unparalleled in the bird world: by day they roost hidden in shady woods, so ------- with their surroundings that they are nearly impossible to -------。
vexed . . dislodge blended . . discern
harmonized . . interrupt impatient . . distinguish
integrated . . classify
4. Many economists believe that since resources are scarce and since human desires cannot all be -------, a method of ------- is needed。
indulged . . apportionment verified . . distribution
usurped . . expropriation expressed . . reparation
anticipated . . advertising
2.短文閱讀試題
Questions 5-8 are based on the following passages。
Passage 1
Line I know what your e-mail in-box looks like, and it isnt pretty: a babble of come-ons and lies from hucksters and con artists. To find your real e-mail, you must wade through the torrent of fraud and obscenity known politely 5 as unsolicited bulk e-mail and colloquially as spam。
In a perverse tribute to the power of the online revolution, we are all suddenly getting the same mail: easy weight loss, get-rich-quick schemes, etc. The crush of these messages is now numbered in billions per day. Its becoming 10 a major systems and engineering and network problem, says one e-mail expert. Spammers are gaining control of the Internet。
Passage 2
Many people who hate spam assume that it is protected as free speech. Not necessarily so. The United States 15 Supreme Court has previously ruled that individuals may preserve a threshold of privacy. Nothing in the
Constitution compels us to listen to or view any unwanted communication, whatever its merit, wrote Chief Justice Warren Burger in a 1970 decision. We therefore category- 20 cally reject the argument that a vendor has a right to send unwanted material into the home of another。 With regard to a seemingly similar problem, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 made it illegal in the United States to send unsolicited faxes; why not extend the act to include
25 unsolicited bulk e-mail?
5. The primary purpose of Passage 1 is to
make a comparison
dispute a hypothesis
settle a controversy
justify a distinction
highlight a concern
6. The primary purpose of Passage 2 is to
confirm a widely held belief
discuss the inadequacies of a ruling
defend a controversial technology
analyze a widespread social problem
lay the foundation for a course of action
7. What would be the most likely reaction by the author of Passage 1 to the argument cited in lines 16-21 of Passage 2 ?
Surprise at the assumption that freedom of speech is indispensable to democracy Dismay at the Supreme Courts vigorous defense of vendors rights Hope that the same reasoning would be applied to all unsolicited e-mail Concern for the plight of mass marketers facing substantial economic losses Appreciation for the political complexity of the debate about spam
8. Unlike the author of Passage 1, the author of Passage 2
criticizes a practice
offers an example
proposes a solution
states an opinion
quotes an expert
3.長(zhǎng)文閱讀試題
下面是一篇閱讀長(zhǎng)文，由于篇幅原因只列出文章但未給出問(wèn)題，作者在此只想讓大家感受一下，若讀者有興趣練習(xí)更多的試題的話，請(qǐng)看其他關(guān)于SAT的書籍。
Passage 1 is from a 2003 book that examines the famousI Have a Dream speech delivered by Martin Luth rKing, Jr. at the historic March on Washington in August 1963. Passage 2 is from a 2000 biography of Martin Luther King, Jr. written by an African American scholar。
Passage 1
The ability of the I Have a Dream speech to highlight Kings early career at the expense of his later career accounts for the tone of impatience and betrayal that often appears when modern-day supporters of Kings agenda talk about the speech. Former Georgia state legislator Julian Bond said in 1986 that commemorations of King seemed to focus almost entirely on Martin Luther King the dreamer, not on Martin King the antiwar activist, not on Martin King the challenger of the economic order, not on Martin King the opponent of apartheid, not on the complete Martin Luther King。 One King scholar has proposed a ten-year moratorium on reading or listening to theI Have a Dreamspeech, in the hopes that America will then discover the rest of Kings legacy. This proposal effectively concedes that Kings magnificent address cannot be recovered from the misuse and over quotation it has suffered since his death. But it is not clear that this is so. Even now, upon hearing the speech, one is struck by the many forms of Kings genius. Many people can still remember the first time they heard I Have a Dream, and they tend to speak of that memory with the reverence reserved for a religious experience. At the very least, reflecting on the I Have a Dream speech should be an opportunity to be grateful for the astonishing transformation of America that the freedom movement wrought. In just under a decade, the civil rights movement brought down a system of segregation that stood essentially unaltered since Reconstruction. Kings dreams of an America free from racial discrimination are still some distance away, but it is astounding how far the nation has come since that hot August day in 1963. Segregation in the South has been dismantled; there are no longer Whites Only signs; segregationist governors do not try to prevent Black children from entering public schools. Toward the end of his life, King preached a sermon entitled Ingratitude, in which he called ingratitude one of the greatest of all sins, because the sinner fail to realize his dependence on others。 The annual Martin Luther King holiday is properly a day of national thanksgiving, a time for the nation to recognize the immense debt it owes to King and the thousands of heroes of the civil rights movement for saving the soul of America。
Passage 2
Martin Luther King was at his best when he was willing to reshape the wisdom of many of his intellectual predecessors. He ingeniously harnessed their ideas to his views to advocate sweeping social change. He believed that his early views on race failed to challenge America fundamentally. He later confessed that he had underestimated how deeply entrenched racism was in America. If Black Americans could not depend on goodwill to create social change, they had to provoke social change through bigger efforts at nonviolent direct action. This meant that Blacks and their allies had to obtain political power. They also had to try to restructure American society, solving the riddles of poverty and economic inequality. This is not the image of King that is celebrated on Martin Luther King Day. Many of Kings admirers are uncomfortable with a focus on his mature beliefs. They seek to deflect unfair attacks on Kings legacy by shrouding him in the cloth of superhuman heroism. In truth, this shroud is little more than romantic tissue. Kings image has often suffered a sad fate. His strengths have been needlessly exaggerated, his weaknesses wildly overplayed. Kings true legacy has been lost to cultural amnesia. As a nation, we have emphasized Kings aspiration to save America through inspiring words and sacrificial deeds. Time and again we replay the powerful image of King standing on a national stage in the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial mouthing perhaps the most famous four words ever uttered by a Black American: I have a dream。 For most Americans, those words capture Kings unique genius. They express his immortal longing for freedom, a longing that is familiar to every person who dares imagine a future beyond unjust laws and unfair customs. The edifying universality of those four wordswho has not dreamed, and who cannot identify with people whose dreams of a better world are punished with violence?helps to explain their durability. But those words survive, too, because they comfort folk who would rather entertain the dreams of unfree people than confront their rage and despair。
4.試題答案
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
