四級翻譯四大難點解密
一、四級核心詞組：
例如have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something(做某事有困難)已經(jīng)考過三次，需要注意的是，in可以省略，后面要使用動詞的動名詞形式。
1)Having spent some time in the city， he had no trouble (找到去歷史博物館的路).
解析：答案為(in) finding the way to the Museum of History，歷史博物館最好譯為the Museum of History，專有名詞注意大小寫。
2)Soon after he transferred to the new school， Ali found that he had (很難跟上班里的同學(xué))in math and English.
解析：答案為difficulty in catching up with his classmates，此題也考察了catch up with(跟上)這一四級核心詞組。
3)Because of noise outside， Nancy had great difficulty (集中注意力在實驗上).
解析：答案為(in) focusing/concentrating on her experiment，此題亦考察focus/concentrate on(集中注意力)這一四級核心詞組。
二、倒裝句：考過三次，需要注意的前半句與后半句時態(tài)應(yīng)前后呼應(yīng)。
1)大綱樣題88題：Not only (他向我收費過高)， but he didnt do a good repair job either.
解析：答案為did he charge me too much/overcharge me，本句后半句使用了一般過去時，前半句也應(yīng)使用一般過去時，not only放在句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句。收費過多可譯為overcharge me或charge me too much.。
2)(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.
解析：答案為Not until he had accomplished his mission，此題后半句使用一般過去時，前半句動作發(fā)生在后半句之前，應(yīng)使用過去完成時。Not until放在句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句，完成使命應(yīng)譯為accomplish the mission。
3)The manager never laughed; neither (她也從來沒有發(fā)過脾氣).
解析：答案為did she lose her temper，前半句使用一般過去時，后半句也應(yīng)使用一般過去時。發(fā)脾氣應(yīng)譯為lose ones temper，neither放在句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句。
三、被動語態(tài)：考過六次
1)Though a skilled worker，(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.
解析：答案為he was fired by the company，需要注意的是，本句應(yīng)使用一般過去時。
2)Many Americans live on credit， and their quality of life (是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量)， not how much they can earn.
解析：答案為is measured by how much they can borrow，用來衡量應(yīng)譯為is measuered by;by后面接how much引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
3)Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research (能應(yīng)用于新技術(shù)的開發(fā))
解析：答案為can be applied to the development of new technology，應(yīng)用于應(yīng)譯為be applied to。
4)The anti-virus agent was not known (直到一名醫(yī)生偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了他).
解析：答案為until it was accidently found by a doctor，本句使用被動語態(tài)更加地道，偶然可譯為accidentally或by accident。
5)The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (與缺乏鍛煉密切相關(guān)).
解析：答案為closely related to the lack of exercise，與密切相關(guān)應(yīng)譯為be closely related to;缺乏鍛煉譯為the lack of exercise。
6)We look forward to (被邀請出席開幕式).
解析：答案為being invited to attend the opening ceremony。本句前半句出現(xiàn)了look forward to，此處的to為介詞，后面應(yīng)使用動名詞形式;被邀請應(yīng)譯為be invited to;出席應(yīng)譯為attend;開幕式譯為opening ceremony。
四、虛擬語氣：考過五次。
最常考的考點有兩個：一是require或suggest等動詞+that引導(dǎo)的建議句型，后面應(yīng)使用should+動詞原形，should可以省略;二是從句使用if引導(dǎo)的過去完成時，主句使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時。
1)The professor required that(我們交研究報告)by Wednesday.
解析：答案為we hand in our research report (s)。前半句使用requeire+that引導(dǎo)的建議句型，屬于虛擬語氣的一種。后半句應(yīng)使用should+動詞原形，should可以省略。研究報告使用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。
2)The victim (本來有機會活下來)if he had been taken to hospital in time.
解析：答案為would have had a chance to survive/of survival。后半句是條件狀語從句，使用了過去完成時，前半句主句應(yīng)使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時。活下來可譯為to survive 或of survival作后置定語。
3)If he had returned an hour earlier， Mary (就不會被大雨淋了).
解析：答案為wouldnt have been caught by the heavy rain。前半句是條件狀語從句，使用了過去完成時，后半句主句應(yīng)使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時。大雨應(yīng)譯為heavy rain。
4)You would not have failed if you (按照我的指令去做).
解析：答案為had followed my instructions。前半句主句出現(xiàn)了would+現(xiàn)在完成時，后半句條件狀語從句應(yīng)使用過去完成時。按照應(yīng)譯為follow;指令譯為 instruction。
5)It is suggested that the air conditioner (要安裝在窗戶旁邊).
解析：答案為(should) be fixed/installed beside the window。前半句使用了it is suggested that引導(dǎo)的建議句型，屬于特殊虛擬語氣的一種，后半句應(yīng)使用should+動詞原形。安裝應(yīng)譯為fix或install;在窗戶旁邊譯為 beside the window。
一、四級核心詞組：
例如have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something(做某事有困難)已經(jīng)考過三次，需要注意的是，in可以省略，后面要使用動詞的動名詞形式。
1)Having spent some time in the city， he had no trouble (找到去歷史博物館的路).
解析：答案為(in) finding the way to the Museum of History，歷史博物館最好譯為the Museum of History，專有名詞注意大小寫。
2)Soon after he transferred to the new school， Ali found that he had (很難跟上班里的同學(xué))in math and English.
解析：答案為difficulty in catching up with his classmates，此題也考察了catch up with(跟上)這一四級核心詞組。
3)Because of noise outside， Nancy had great difficulty (集中注意力在實驗上).
解析：答案為(in) focusing/concentrating on her experiment，此題亦考察focus/concentrate on(集中注意力)這一四級核心詞組。
二、倒裝句：考過三次，需要注意的前半句與后半句時態(tài)應(yīng)前后呼應(yīng)。
1)大綱樣題88題：Not only (他向我收費過高)， but he didnt do a good repair job either.
解析：答案為did he charge me too much/overcharge me，本句后半句使用了一般過去時，前半句也應(yīng)使用一般過去時，not only放在句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句。收費過多可譯為overcharge me或charge me too much.。
2)(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.
解析：答案為Not until he had accomplished his mission，此題后半句使用一般過去時，前半句動作發(fā)生在后半句之前，應(yīng)使用過去完成時。Not until放在句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句，完成使命應(yīng)譯為accomplish the mission。
3)The manager never laughed; neither (她也從來沒有發(fā)過脾氣).
解析：答案為did she lose her temper，前半句使用一般過去時，后半句也應(yīng)使用一般過去時。發(fā)脾氣應(yīng)譯為lose ones temper，neither放在句首引導(dǎo)倒裝句。
三、被動語態(tài)：考過六次
1)Though a skilled worker，(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.
解析：答案為he was fired by the company，需要注意的是，本句應(yīng)使用一般過去時。
2)Many Americans live on credit， and their quality of life (是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量)， not how much they can earn.
解析：答案為is measured by how much they can borrow，用來衡量應(yīng)譯為is measuered by;by后面接how much引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
3)Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research (能應(yīng)用于新技術(shù)的開發(fā))
解析：答案為can be applied to the development of new technology，應(yīng)用于應(yīng)譯為be applied to。
4)The anti-virus agent was not known (直到一名醫(yī)生偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了他).
解析：答案為until it was accidently found by a doctor，本句使用被動語態(tài)更加地道，偶然可譯為accidentally或by accident。
5)The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (與缺乏鍛煉密切相關(guān)).
解析：答案為closely related to the lack of exercise，與密切相關(guān)應(yīng)譯為be closely related to;缺乏鍛煉譯為the lack of exercise。
6)We look forward to (被邀請出席開幕式).
解析：答案為being invited to attend the opening ceremony。本句前半句出現(xiàn)了look forward to，此處的to為介詞，后面應(yīng)使用動名詞形式;被邀請應(yīng)譯為be invited to;出席應(yīng)譯為attend;開幕式譯為opening ceremony。
四、虛擬語氣：考過五次。
最常考的考點有兩個：一是require或suggest等動詞+that引導(dǎo)的建議句型，后面應(yīng)使用should+動詞原形，should可以省略;二是從句使用if引導(dǎo)的過去完成時，主句使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時。
1)The professor required that(我們交研究報告)by Wednesday.
解析：答案為we hand in our research report (s)。前半句使用requeire+that引導(dǎo)的建議句型，屬于虛擬語氣的一種。后半句應(yīng)使用should+動詞原形，should可以省略。研究報告使用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。
2)The victim (本來有機會活下來)if he had been taken to hospital in time.
解析：答案為would have had a chance to survive/of survival。后半句是條件狀語從句，使用了過去完成時，前半句主句應(yīng)使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時。活下來可譯為to survive 或of survival作后置定語。
3)If he had returned an hour earlier， Mary (就不會被大雨淋了).
解析：答案為wouldnt have been caught by the heavy rain。前半句是條件狀語從句，使用了過去完成時，后半句主句應(yīng)使用would+現(xiàn)在完成時。大雨應(yīng)譯為heavy rain。
4)You would not have failed if you (按照我的指令去做).
解析：答案為had followed my instructions。前半句主句出現(xiàn)了would+現(xiàn)在完成時，后半句條件狀語從句應(yīng)使用過去完成時。按照應(yīng)譯為follow;指令譯為 instruction。
5)It is suggested that the air conditioner (要安裝在窗戶旁邊).
解析：答案為(should) be fixed/installed beside the window。前半句使用了it is suggested that引導(dǎo)的建議句型，屬于特殊虛擬語氣的一種，后半句應(yīng)使用should+動詞原形。安裝應(yīng)譯為fix或install;在窗戶旁邊譯為 beside the window。
