2024屆牛津英語(yǔ)第二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件信息的表述

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　　104. in public

　　— publically公開(kāi)地 105. take pride in —

　　be proud of 以……為自豪 106. set free —

　　release釋放 107. look like —

　　resemble像 108. stand for —

　　represent代表 109. seek

　　— search

　　— search for

　　—

　　hunt for

　　—

　　look for尋找，搜尋 110. all of a sudden

　　— all at once

　　— suddenly突然地 111. put up with — tolerate

　　— stand

　　— bear忍受 112. put on weight

　　— gain weight長(zhǎng)胖 113. speak in a low voice

　　— whisper低語(yǔ)

　　二、注意表述的概括性

　　概括性是英語(yǔ)閱讀填空所考查的重點(diǎn)，要求對(duì)閱讀信息具有較強(qiáng)的綜合歸納能力。在解答這類題時(shí)，要找出共性，根據(jù)標(biāo)題詞的特點(diǎn)表達(dá)，平時(shí)注意積累典型的概括性詞匯及其常用搭配，以便迅速鎖定最佳詞語(yǔ)。閱讀填空的概括性詞匯分類歸納表原因： reason (for), cause (of) 目的： purpose, aim, destination(目的地), goal, target 種類： kind of, type of, sort of, variety of, category of, style(風(fēng)格) 方式： means, way, method 方位： location, position 建議： advice, suggestion, recommendation, tip 觀點(diǎn)： attitude, idea, opinion, aspect, concern 用途(功能): usage, function 變化，趨勢(shì)： trend, development, raise, increase, decrease, change, spreading 描述： description, appearance, look, color, size, length, width, distance, height, shape 來(lái)源，歷史： history, source, origin, root 影響，結(jié)果： effect, influence, result, consequence 措施，行動(dòng)： measure, action, activity 益處，不利： benefit, advantage, convenience, disadvantage 概括，總結(jié)： summary, conclusion 主題： topic, theme, main idea, subject 特點(diǎn)： feature, characteristic 評(píng)論： comment, remark, assessment 問(wèn)題： problem, question, issue 需求： demand, need, requirement 內(nèi)容，項(xiàng)目： content, item 事實(shí)，細(xì)節(jié)： fact, detail 信息： information 情緒，感覺(jué)： feeling, emotion 物質(zhì)，材料： substance, material 步驟： beginning, ending, step, procedure, process 比例： rate (比例，速度), percentage 天氣，氣候： weather, climate 災(zāi)難，事故： disaster, accident, threat 關(guān)系： relation, relationship 不同： difference, diversity 交通： traffic, transportation 時(shí)間，年代，年齡： date, time, age 性別： sex

　　國(guó)籍： nationality 質(zhì)量，數(shù)量： quality, quantity, number 速度： speed 事件： incident, event 反應(yīng)： response 實(shí)踐： practice 定義： definition 產(chǎn)品： product

　　防止： prevention, precaution 程度： degree 相同，不同： similarity, difference 信仰： belief 答案： solution, answer 人口： population 資源： resource 職位： position 職業(yè)： work, job, occupation, profession 設(shè)備： equipment 任務(wù)： task 組織者：organizer, sponsor 參加者：participant 種族： race, peoples

　　三、注意表述的對(duì)稱性

　　對(duì)稱性是英語(yǔ)閱讀填空的又一要求。考生必須對(duì)試題所在表格中的上下、左右進(jìn)行研究，挖掘出其表達(dá)形式的共性，如名詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及特殊符號(hào)等都應(yīng)該保持一致。

　　四、注意表達(dá)的正確性

　　正確表達(dá)是英語(yǔ)閱讀填空的基本要求?？忌谡页鱿嚓P(guān)信息后，必須仔細(xì)研究，作出正確的表達(dá)。務(wù)必要避免時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)形式的錯(cuò)誤，更不能出現(xiàn)拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等錯(cuò)誤。

　　感謝您的關(guān)注 Thank you for your attention ! 第24講

　　信息的表述

　　本文著重講述了美國(guó)的政府特許學(xué)校(charter school)的相關(guān)情況：它的定義、與傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校對(duì)比之異同以及存在的問(wèn)題等。

　　71. Charter schools　直接題。綜合全文可以得出。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　72. Definition / Meaning　概括題。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　73. Receiving tax money　改寫(xiě)題。根據(jù)第三段“It receives tax money to operate a number of students.”可得出。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　74. agreement (or charter)　直接題。根據(jù)第三段“These governments provide the school with the agreement, or charter that permits it to operate.”可判斷。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　75. Differences　概括題。對(duì)比上面similarities可得。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　76. teaching contents　改寫(xiě)題。根據(jù)第四段“Local, state or federal governments cannot tell it what to teach.”可判斷。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　77. how to reach / ways to reach / ways of reaching　改寫(xiě)題。根據(jù)第五段 “Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach those goals.”可判斷。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　78. fewer　改寫(xiě)題。根據(jù)第五段 “Class sizes are usually smaller than in many traditional public schools.” 可判斷。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　79．traditional public schools　直接題。由倒數(shù)第二段“They say these schools may receive money badly needed by traditional public schools.”可判斷。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　80. (needed) space　直接題。根據(jù)最后一段 “Many also lack needed space.”可判斷。思路點(diǎn)撥

　　理解是前提，而表述是目的和歸宿。要正確、有效地表述信息要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　一、注意文字的簡(jiǎn)潔性

　　有以下幾個(gè)規(guī)律可循：

　　(1)用名詞所有格形式“'s”代替介詞of。

　　(2)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

　　(3)句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。主要通過(guò)加工壓縮信息抓住要點(diǎn)。言簡(jiǎn)意賅，擊中要害。因此怎樣加工壓縮信息就成了廣大考生必備的一種技能。閱讀填空題要掌握以下幾種技能：

　?、僭~形轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。主要是看其前后的動(dòng)詞形式再作確認(rèn)。如果前后都是動(dòng)詞原形那就不變；如果前后是v.-ing形式，那就要隨其變形。

　　②刪減多余詞匯的能力。一般主要是刪去不影響主要意思表達(dá)的修飾詞匯。如形容詞、副詞、冠詞等等。

　　③以群體代替?zhèn)€體。如有的將a/an ＋n.變?yōu)槠鋵?duì)應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　④原意改換能力?？梢杂猛x或近義詞代替；或用反義詞或派生詞改換；或用從句改寫(xiě)；或用意思接近的名詞短語(yǔ)代替原句較長(zhǎng)的句子。同義、近義詞歸納 1. run out (of) — lack — use up — give out 用光，用盡 2. take place of — replace代替，替代 3. no matter what — whatever不管什么 4. international — worldwide — global — universal — throughout the world

　　— all over the world全世界 5. come into being

　　— come into existence — appear形成，源于 6. in the countryside — in rural areas在鄉(xiāng)下 in the city — in urban areas在城里 7. besides — as well as — what's more — apart from — in addition而且，除了 8. split — break sth. apart

　　—

　　destroy

　　— damage撕裂，毀壞 9. come out

　　—

　　publish出版，發(fā)行 10. remove — get rid of拆除，移走 11. immediately

　　— directly — instantly — secondly — the moment — the minute — upon/on doing —

　　as soon as一……就…… 12. solutions to do sth. —

　　ways to do sth./ways of doing sth. — approaches to do sth.做某事的方法 13. every year

　　— yearly —

　　annual每年，年年 14. make sb. have the ability to do sth.

　　— enable sb. to do sth.使某人能夠做某事 15. a growing number — an increasing number越來(lái)越多 16. work out a plan — make a plan 制訂計(jì)劃 17. like sth. better — prefer更喜歡 18. make sth. better — improve使某物變好 19. take the advantage of — make full / good use of 充分利用 20. be aware of — know — realize — become conscious of知道，意識(shí)到 21. believe in — trust — have faith/trust in相信，信任 22. give up — abandon — stop — quit放棄 23. go to a foreign country — go abroad出國(guó) 24. be not present at — be absent from缺席 25. be present at — attend出席，參加 26. take in

　　— absorb吸收 27. speed up —

　　quicken —

　　accelerate加速 28. occasionally —

　　accidentally — incidentally — once in a while偶爾 29. accomplish—complete — get through完成 30. because of — due to — on account of — owing to — thanks to因?yàn)?，由?31. occupy — account for

　　— make up構(gòu)成，占 32. accuse of

　　— charge with控告 33. look up to

　　— admire — show respect for欽佩，仰慕 34. grown-up

　　— adult成人(的) 35. move forward — advance前進(jìn) 36. have an effect/influence on — affect影響 37. later on

　　— afterwards 之后 38. be afraid of — be scared of — be terrified at — fear — be frightened 害怕 39. disapprove of — oppose — object to — disagree to — be against反對(duì) 40. by oneself

　　— alone 獨(dú)自地 41. lose one's temper — get angry/annoyed發(fā)怒 42. make sth. known to the public — announce — declare宣布 43. reply to

　　— answer — make response to

　　— react to回答 44. be anxious about — be concerned about —

　　be worried about擔(dān)心 45. make an apology to — say sorry to — apologize道歉 46. appeal to — interest — attract吸引 47. give birth to — bear生育 48. cause trouble to

　　— bother — disturb打擾，妨礙 49. have the courage to — be brave to有勇氣，勇敢 50. refuse to accept — boycott拒絕接受 51. out of breath — breathless上氣不接下氣 52. figure out

　　— calculate計(jì)算 53. call off — cancel取消 54. hold a celebration — celebrate — in celebration of — observe慶祝 55. one hundred years — century世紀(jì) 56. run after — chase追趕 57. mix sth. up — combine with混合 58. at ease

　　— comfortable 舒適，放松 59. make up for — compensate彌補(bǔ) 60. take part in

　　— compete in — participate in — join in

　　— attend參加 61. draw a conclusion

　　— conclude作結(jié)論 62. carry out — conduct — perform實(shí)施 63. contribute to

　　— lead to — result in造成，導(dǎo)致 64. be convinced of

　　— believe信服，相信 65. be important —count — matter重要 66. rely on

　　— count on — depend on依賴，依靠 67. at risk

　　— in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中 68. know nothing about — in the dark一無(wú)所知 69. turn a deaf ear to — refuse to listen to充耳不聞 70. deal with — handle — cope with

　　— do with處理，對(duì)付 71. ten years

　　— decade 十年 72. make up one's mind —

　　decide to do —

　　determine to — be determined to下定決心 73. win over

　　— defeat擊敗 74. delay — put off — postpone推遲 75. on purpose —

　　deliberately — by design故意 76. give a description of

　　— describe描述 77. in spite of — despite盡管 78. be worthy of — deserve值得 79. be different from — differ from與……不同 80. on display — on show —

　　on exhibition展覽 81. be drunk with — be bent on — be addicted to —

　　be crazy about沉溺于，著迷 82. run away — escape逃跑 83. earn a living — make a living謀生 84. employ — adopt — use — take on采用 85. full of energy — energetic 精力充沛的 86. would like to do sth. — enjoy doing sth. — feel like doing sth. — be fond of doing sth.想要做某事 87. make sure

　　— ensure確保 88. at last — eventually最后，終于 89. here and there —

　　everywhere到處，處處 90. work out —

　　exercise鍛煉 91. as a matter of fact — in fact/effect — actually事實(shí)上 92. make fun of

　　— laugh at

　　— play tricks/jokes on — make a fool of嘲笑，捉弄 93. grasp

　　— take hold of —

　　catch hold of抓住 94. body language —

　　gesture肢體語(yǔ)言 95. go hungry

　　— starve挨餓 96. pay no attention to —

　　ignore —

　　overlook — take no notice of不關(guān)注 97. at a loss

　　— feel puzzled at —

　　be confused at不知所措 98. go with —

　　match相配 99. keep up —

　　maintain保持 100. at the same time

　　— meanwhile同時(shí) 101. take place — occur發(fā)生 102. be well received

　　— popular受歡迎 103. take the possession of

　　— own —

　　possess擁有