湖南高考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件牛津譯林版模塊必修2《Unit 3 Amazing people》有所作為的人
36.(2008年全國卷Ⅱ) It was in New Zealand ________ Elizabeth first met Mr Smith. A．that
B．how C．which
D．when 【解析】 句意為：伊麗莎白和史密斯先生第一次見面是在新西蘭。強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語in New Zealand。
【答案】 A
37．(2006年山東卷) I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited. A．why it does
B．what he does C．how it is
D．what it is 【解析】 句意為：我想知道是什么使他如此興奮。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。這種強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句只需把疑問句提前，在賓語從句中要用陳述語氣。本題考查了賓語從句。 【答案】 D
38．(2007年重慶卷) It is not who is right but what is right ________ is of importance. A．which
B．it C．that
D．this 【解析】 句意為：誰對誰錯(cuò)不重要，重要的是什么是對的。強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子主語。本題考查對強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的掌握，而本題中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分用了not...but...結(jié)構(gòu)增加了試題的難度。
【答案】 C
39．(2007年浙江卷) It________we had stayed together for a couple of weeks________I found we had a lot in common. A．was until；when
B．was until；that C．wasn’t until；when
D．wasn’t until；that 【解析】 句意為：直到我們在一起呆了幾個(gè)星期以后，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有許多的共同之處。這是含有until引導(dǎo)狀語從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)until從句部分時(shí)，應(yīng)注意把not提前。 【答案】 D
make a great contribution/great contributions to...對……做出巨大的貢獻(xiàn)
give a contribution to...向……捐贈(zèng)…… He has made great contributions to a space development program. 他對太空發(fā)展計(jì)劃有很大的貢獻(xiàn) The kind person gave a small contribution to the church. 這好心人向教堂捐了點(diǎn)東西。
contribute
vt.& vi. (1)作出捐款； (2)做貢獻(xiàn)； (3)提供(時(shí)間、經(jīng)歷)； (4)有助于……，促使…… He contributed a lot of money to the charity. 他捐很多錢給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。 She contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion. 她在這次討論中提出很多好的意見。 Exercise contributes to better health.鍛煉能促成更強(qiáng)健的體魄。 She didn’t contribute one idea to the discussion. 她在討論時(shí)沒有獻(xiàn)出一個(gè)主意。 The doctor makes a great contribution to the public health. 這醫(yī)生為公眾健康做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。
25.Plenty of fresh air ________ good health. So you should go out often. A．results from
B．resulted in
C．contributed at
D．contributes to 【解析】 句意為：大量的新鮮空氣有助于身體健康，所以你應(yīng)該經(jīng)常出去。D解釋為“有助于”，但本句是講一般的客觀事實(shí)，所以要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
【答案】 D
assist v．援助，幫助
Mr Li assisted me with/to do/in doing the job. 李先生幫我做那個(gè)工作。
assist sb. With
sth.幫助某人(做某事) assist sb. to do sth.幫助某人(做某事) assist sb. in doing
sth.幫助某人(做某事) assistant
n．助手，助教 an assistant cook一個(gè)副廚師/二廚
辨析：aid，help，assist 三詞用做動(dòng)詞均可表“幫助”。 aid為正式用詞，資助，援助aid sb. in sth. /doing
sth.；aid sb. with sth.； help最常用help sb. with
sth./(to) do sth.。 assist最正式，assist sb. with
sth. /to do
sth.幫助某人(做某事)assist sb. in doing
sth.幫助某人(做某事)，表示協(xié)助某人做某事，尤指在體力上或具體事務(wù)上幫助和扶持。 She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. 她雇了一名婦女幫她做家務(wù)。
26．During the summer vacation，he always ________ his mother in doing the housework. A．helped
B．a(chǎn)ided
C．a(chǎn)ssisted
D. let
【解析】 句意為：在暑假期間，他總是幫助他媽媽做家務(wù)。這里考查詞組：assist sb.in doing sth.幫助某人(做某事)。
【答案】 C
Certain adj. be certain/sure to do sth. 一定要 be certain/sure of (about)sth.對……有把握 make certain (sure) of/about/that務(wù)必，一定 for certain/sure 必定，一定 Be sure/certain to come to see me tonight. 今晚一定要來看我。 Are you certain/sure of that?你對那個(gè)有把握嗎？ Make certain that you turn off the lights before you leave.在離開前你務(wù)必要把燈關(guān)了。 I don’t know for sure/certain.我知道得不太確定。 certainly adv (1)certainly =sure 用在答語中，表示同意，解釋為“當(dāng)然，可以，沒問題。” -Can I
try it on? 我能試一下嗎？ -Certainly。當(dāng)然可以。 （2）用作狀語，解釋為“的確，確定。” Something was certainly
wrong with him。 他在某些事情上的確有錯(cuò)。
辨析：certain和sure
(1)在意義上的區(qū)別 兩詞都作形容詞，有“肯定的，確信的，確實(shí)的”，都可加ly構(gòu)成副詞；但certain強(qiáng)調(diào)根據(jù)客觀情況而做出的推斷，主語可以是人，也可以是物；而sure表示經(jīng)過主觀分析判斷后得出的結(jié)論，主語一般是人。 (2)在用法上的區(qū)別 ①以下結(jié)構(gòu)中只用sure to be sure (用作插入語)當(dāng)讓，肯定，不成問題； sure enough果然，果真，毫無疑問；用作副詞，在答語里，意思為“當(dāng)然”。 To be sure，some people may disagree but that doesn’t mean I am wrong. 一定會(huì)有一些人反對，但這并不意味著我是錯(cuò)的。 We said things would turn out well，and sure enough they did. 我們說過情況會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)，果然如此。 —Are you going？你去嗎？ —Sure！當(dāng)然啦！ ②It is/was certain that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，只能用certain It’s certain that he will succeed sooner or later. 很確信他遲早會(huì)成功的。 certain和some
some man＝a certain man某個(gè)男人 some men一些男人 certain men某些男人
Upon entering the tomb，Carter’s lucky pet bird，which had led him to the place，was eaten by a snake.進(jìn)入墓地的那一刻，卡特的幸運(yùn)愛鳥就被一條蛇吃掉了，這只鳥將卡特帶到這個(gè)地方。 句中upon是介詞，可以與名詞或者動(dòng)名詞連用，表示“一……就……”。on后一般跟表示去向性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，如arrive，reach，return，leave等。
On arriving at the station，he found that the train had left. 一到車站，他就發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。 On his stepping out of the taxi，he was seized by two men. 他一下出租車就被兩個(gè)人抓了起來。
常見的“一……就……”的表示方式還有： (1)as soon as
As soon as the teacher entered the classroom，the students stopped talking.老師一進(jìn)教室，學(xué)生們就停止講話了。 (2)the moment/minute/second/instant＋從句 The enemy plane was shot down the moment (that) it intruded into our air space.這架敵機(jī)一侵入我國領(lǐng)空就被擊落。 (3)immediately/directly/instantly＋從句 I got in touch with him immediately after I received the letter. 我一接到信就和他聯(lián)系了。 (4)no sooner...than... No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)剛開始，天就下起了大雨。 (5)hardly...when... Hardly had it stopped raining when they went to work in the fields.雨一停，他們就到田里去干活了。
He had hardly got off the bus when he met an old friend of his. 他一下公共汽車，就碰見他的一個(gè)老朋友。
27.________hearing the good news，they jumped with joy. A．For
B．In C．Upon
D．At 【解析】 句意為：一聽到這個(gè)好消息．他們都高興的跳了起來。upon doing sth....表示“一……就……”upon可以換成on。
【答案】 C
28．—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? —Yes. I gave it to her ________ I saw her.
A．while
B．the moment
C．suddenly
D．once 【解析】 句意為：——你記得把欠瑪麗的錢還給她了嗎？——是的，我一看到她就還給她了。the moment表示“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
【答案】 B
29．The young lady rushed into the room ________ she heard the noise. A．that
B．unless C．immediately
D．before 【解析】 句意為：一聽到聲音那個(gè)女士就沖了出去。immediately表示“一……就……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
【答案】 C
If breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.如果這些病毒被吸入，他們可能導(dǎo)致疾病甚至死亡。 if breathed in為過去分詞作條件狀語。 (If) United，we stand；(if) divided，we fall. 團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡。 (If) Taken in time，the medicine will be quite effective. 如果及時(shí)服用，這種藥是相當(dāng)有效的。 (If) Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast. 如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。
30.(2003年北京卷)________time，he’ll make a first - class tennis player. A．Having given
B．To give C．Giving
D．Given 【解析】 句意為：假以時(shí)日，他很快就會(huì)成為一名一流的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。given為過去分詞作條件狀語。
【答案】 D 31．(2007年四川卷)The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. A．watered
B．watering C．water
D．to water 【解析】 句意為：他朋友給他的花會(huì)死掉，除非每天都被澆水。主語是flowers，故用過去分詞watered表示被動(dòng)＝unless they are watered。
【答案】 A
What is certain，though，is that the mystery of
Tutankhamun’s
tomb has never been fully explained. 但是，有一點(diǎn)可以肯定，圖坦卡蒙國王陵墓之謎至今沒人能夠完全破解。 what is certain在句中作主語，為主語從句。 主語從句的基本用法： 在句中作主語的名詞性從句稱為主語從句，主語從句所對應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用第三人稱單數(shù)的形式。為了整個(gè)句子的平衡，主語從句經(jīng)常后置，并用it充當(dāng)形式主語(此時(shí)， that引導(dǎo)的主語從句若不放在句首，可以省略引導(dǎo)詞that)。 What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不論誰來都?xì)g迎。 It is a pity (that) we haven’t contacted for ages. 很遺憾，我們幾年沒聯(lián)系了。 It has not been decided where the meeting is to be held. 在哪里開會(huì)還沒決定。 It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否來這無關(guān)緊要。
32.(2006年遼寧卷)________makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A．What
B．Who C．Whatever
D．Whoever 【解析】 題干中的主語從句特指“使得這家商店與眾不同的事物”，而且沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)“使得這家商店與眾不同的任何事物”之意，應(yīng)選用what引導(dǎo)主語從句。
【答案】 A
33．(2002年上海春)________fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A．What
B．That C．This
D．Which 【解析】 陳述客觀情況的名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞之后是完整的陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞本身不充當(dāng)該名詞性從句中具體的句子成分，有這樣用法的引導(dǎo)詞只能是that。
【答案】 B
34．(2003年上海卷)It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A．that
B．when C．what
D．how 【解析】 本題下劃線處引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)放在句末的主語從句(被句首的形式主語it所指代)。在該主語從句中引導(dǎo)詞要作主語，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有what可以充當(dāng)名詞性從句的主語。
【答案】 C
35．(2007年福建卷)It is none of you business ________ other people think about
you. Believe yourself. A．how
B．what C．which
D．when 【解析】 填空處引導(dǎo)主語從句表示“其他人如何想你”，在該主語從句中充當(dāng)think的賓語，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只能選擇what做引導(dǎo)詞。題干中what引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句末、由句首的形式主語it所指代。
【答案】 B
Although Yang did not actually get the best scores on every single test，it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him his position as China’s first astronaut. 盡管楊利偉實(shí)際上不是每項(xiàng)測試都是最高分，但是他各項(xiàng)心理測試所得的高分使他最終成為了中國第一位宇航員。
it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句： (1)It is(was)＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that(who)＋原句其它部分”來強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的意愿，此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語，賓語和狀語。
He read three books in the library yesterday. 昨天他在圖書館讀了三本書。 →It was he who (that)read three books in the library yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語) →It was three books that he read in the library yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語) →It was in the library that he read three books yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語) (2)當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，可用that，也可用who；指物時(shí)，只用that。 It was Tom who(that)I met last week. It is a new book that his brother wants to buy. (3)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語時(shí)，只用that，不用when，where。 It is at 5 o’clock that the train will arrive. (4)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是主語時(shí)，注意句子的謂語動(dòng)詞和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語保持一致。 It is he who is late. It is they that were late. (5)一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句為“Is (was) it that...？”；特殊疑問句為：“特殊疑問詞 is (was) that...？”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Was it ten years ago that his father died? 他的父親是十年前去世的嗎？ When is it that you will set off？你到底什么時(shí)候出發(fā)？ 9.However，at times this balance in nature is________，resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects. A．troubled
B．disturbed C．interrupted
D．puzzled 【解析】 句意為：然而，自然界的平衡有時(shí)會(huì)被打破，從而導(dǎo)致許多可能無法預(yù)見的后果。disturb打擾，打破，攪亂。trouble麻煩，困擾；puzzle困惑，迷惑；interrupt打斷。
【答案】 B 10．In many areas，the world ecosystem is________，leading to global warming and many natural disasters. A．interrupted
B．disturbed C．troubled
D．upset 【解析】 句意為：在很多地方，世界的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)被擾亂了，這導(dǎo)致了全球氣候變暖和很多自然災(zāi)害。disturb表示“使某種環(huán)境不再安寧、平和怡人”等，而interrupt指使某動(dòng)作暫時(shí)停下的意思。
【答案】 B
result (1)n.結(jié)果，成效，計(jì)算結(jié)果(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)) The result of the game was five-nothing. 比賽結(jié)果是五比零。 (2)vi.(常與from連用)產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，發(fā)生 If the police leave，disorder will result.警察一走，就會(huì)大亂。 Disease often results from eating too much. 疾病往往是由于吃得多而引起的。 (3)vi.(常與in連用)造成；導(dǎo)致 The accident resulted in three people being killed. 這次事故造成三人死亡。 as a result因此 as a result of作為……的結(jié)果
11.The water pollution in the river ________ the death of many fishes. A．a(chǎn)s a result
B．results from C．results to
D．results in 【解析】 句意為：河水的污染導(dǎo)致了許多魚類的死亡。result in表示“導(dǎo)致，引起”。
【答案】 D
12．He drove home drunk，________the terrible accident. A．resulting from
B．resulting in C．resulted from
D．resulted in 【解析】 句意為：他喝醉了酒開車回家，導(dǎo)致了這次惡性事故。result from由……導(dǎo)致，不合題意。result in結(jié)果，導(dǎo)致，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表結(jié)果。
【答案】 B
13．However，at times this balance in nature is disturbed，________a number of possibly unforeseen effects. A．lying in
B．calling in
C．taking in
D．resulting in 【解析】 句意為：平衡被打破，會(huì)產(chǎn)生許多預(yù)料不到的影響，“導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生”為result in。lie in意為“在于”；call in意為“召，請進(jìn)來”；take in有“吸收”之意。
【答案】 D
examine vt.檢查；調(diào)查；考試 Lie down and let me examine you. 躺下來，我給你做個(gè)檢查。 The judge examined the witness in the court of law. 這位法官在法庭上詢問了那位證人。 You will be examined in French/on your knowledge of American history.你將要接受法文/美國歷史知識(shí)的考試。
辨析：examine，test與check (1)examine表示仔細(xì)觀察、調(diào)查研究以便弄清實(shí)際情況或事物的本質(zhì)、特征、狀況等；或?yàn)榱藱z查某物的質(zhì)量、合法性、真實(shí)性及功能等。 (2)test檢查，考驗(yàn)，測試。表示進(jìn)行全面徹底的測試以檢查是否合格，如查視力、驗(yàn)血等。表示就某個(gè)學(xué)科或某個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行測試時(shí)，后接介詞in；表示測試某方面知識(shí)時(shí)，后接介詞on；表示測試性能時(shí)，后接介詞for。 (3)check檢查；檢驗(yàn)；核對；核實(shí)，側(cè)重用檢查或調(diào)查的方法印證某事物。有“examine (sth.) in order to make sure that it is safe，correct or in good condition”之意。check in辦理登機(jī)或入住手續(xù)，check out辦理結(jié)賬及退房手續(xù)。
