高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)+考點(diǎn)+題型+演練(8)
高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)+考點(diǎn)+題型+演練(8)
一、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn):
1. recognize sb as:認(rèn)出某人是…
be recognized as:某人被認(rèn)作…
recognize sb to do sth:承認(rèn)某人做某事
recognize that-clause
recognition (n.)
2. dress:既表動(dòng)作,也表狀態(tài)+ dress sb
be dressed in
have on:表狀態(tài),不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)
wear:表狀態(tài)+(衣服、鞋帽、領(lǐng)帶、圍巾、首飾、眼鏡)表示某一時(shí)間的穿戴,常用進(jìn)行時(shí)
put on:表動(dòng)作
3. prove sth
prove sth to sb
prove sth to be
prove ... as
(to be)that-clause
4. beyond control:無(wú)法控制
in control:控制著
under control:控制中
out of control=lose control of:失控
5. tear sth to/into pieces
sth in half/into halves
sth open
sth down
at sth:撕扯著…(表過(guò)程)
sth:撕碎/撕破(表結(jié)果)
up:毀掉
off:脫去、跑掉
away from…:從…奪走
6. attend school/church
attend the meeting/lecture
join party/league/club/sb
join in the party/activity
7. call on sb=drop in on sb
call at a place=drop in at a place
visit +sb/a place
pay a visit to a place
8. be (well) worth + n./doing sth
be worthy + of+n.
be worthy + of+being done
be worthy + to be done
9.
pay for sth
pay sb for sth
pay sb money for sth=pay money to sb for sth
pay off:全部還清
pay back:償還,歸還;報(bào)復(fù)
10. make/carry out/perform/do experiment
by experiment
experiment on/upon…:對(duì)…進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)
二、語(yǔ)法專題──非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)
1. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能
具有哪些詞的部分特征 可作哪些句子成分
名詞
形容詞 副詞 主 賓 表 定 狀 補(bǔ)
不定式 √
√
√
√ √ √ √ √ √
動(dòng)名詞 √
√
√ √ √
現(xiàn)在分詞
√
√
√ √ √ √
過(guò)去分詞
√
√
√ √ √ √
2. 不定式和分詞作狀語(yǔ)的比較
名稱 狀語(yǔ)類型
時(shí)間 目的 結(jié)果 原因 方式 條件 伴隨 讓步
不定式
√
√
√
現(xiàn)在分詞 √
√
√
√
√
√
√
過(guò)去分詞 √
√
√
√
√
√
√
注:不定式和分詞都可作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),但用法和意義不同。不定式常和only, never連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)意想不到的結(jié)果和失望的情緒;而分詞往往與主句有因果關(guān)系,主句表原因,分詞形式表結(jié)果。
3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選擇原則:(1)與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系:主謂或動(dòng)賓;(2)與主謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系:①在主謂語(yǔ)之前一般用完成式;②與主謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)發(fā)生一般用現(xiàn)在分詞;③在主謂語(yǔ)之后一般用不定式。
4. 只能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(巧記)
(1)建議冒險(xiǎn)去獻(xiàn)身,忍受期待不停頓;(2)I make a red saver camp.每個(gè)字母代表一個(gè)單詞。
放棄延期悔失去,堅(jiān)持欣賞實(shí)踐成;
注意原諒避反對(duì),考慮要求不自禁;
允許習(xí)慣不介意,價(jià)值開(kāi)始想動(dòng)名。
它們所對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞或詞組分別是:advise, suggest, risk, devote oneself to; have/bear/stand(忍受), look forward to, stop, give up, delay, put off, regret, miss; keep (on)/insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice, finish; pay attention to, excuse, escape, avoid, object to; consider, require, cannot help, forbid; permit, be/get used to, mind; be worth, set about, imagine.
三、題型歸納完形填空的解題要決一
巧用首句信息:①利用首句把握文章的體裁:如果文章開(kāi)頭交代事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及人物等,毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)就是記敘文;如果文章開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山點(diǎn)明話題或作者的觀點(diǎn),那么很可能就是議論文或說(shuō)明文。②分析首句信息,預(yù)測(cè)下文內(nèi)容:一般情況下,根據(jù)首句所給的線索,就能粗知短文的大概內(nèi)容。由首句的提示,加上語(yǔ)法分析、邏輯推理,并借助于短文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)所提供的信息以及上下文之間的關(guān)系,就能進(jìn)一步確切了解短文內(nèi)容,為確定答案開(kāi)辟道路。
例1:Monty owns a horse ranch(牧場(chǎng)) in San Sedro. Once when asked about his____, he told the story about a young man, son of a horse trainer.
A. life
B. success
C. family
D. education
[分析]從本文的開(kāi)頭可以斷定是記敘文,同時(shí)第一句話還透露出Monty有一定的成就。從后文的"a horse trainer"可知他出身貧賤,由此可以斷定,人們不是詢問(wèn)他的"生活","家庭"或"受教育"情況,而是詢問(wèn)他"成功的秘訣"。
例2:…Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo(單獨(dú)的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them____.
A. tired
B. asleep
C. conscious D. busy
[分析]文章開(kāi)頭談到一個(gè)人進(jìn)行太空旅行會(huì)感到很孤單,因此通常給單獨(dú)旅行的宇航員安排很多工作以排遣這種孤獨(dú)的情緒。由常識(shí)可知,人在忙碌的時(shí)候不會(huì)感到孤單,而其他三項(xiàng)都與第一句話沒(méi)有關(guān)系。
例3:When I come across a good article in reading newspapers, I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so, I find the article on the____ side is also interesting…
A. each
B. other
C. another
D. either
[分析]作者非常喜歡閱讀報(bào)紙上的文章,當(dāng)他想要把那些好的文章剪下來(lái)保留時(shí)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)其背面的文章也同樣有趣。由文中的"newspapers"及常識(shí)可知報(bào)紙只有兩面,故用other
高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)+考點(diǎn)+題型+演練(8)
一、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn):
1. recognize sb as:認(rèn)出某人是…
be recognized as:某人被認(rèn)作…
recognize sb to do sth:承認(rèn)某人做某事
recognize that-clause
recognition (n.)
2. dress:既表動(dòng)作,也表狀態(tài)+ dress sb
be dressed in
have on:表狀態(tài),不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)
wear:表狀態(tài)+(衣服、鞋帽、領(lǐng)帶、圍巾、首飾、眼鏡)表示某一時(shí)間的穿戴,常用進(jìn)行時(shí)
put on:表動(dòng)作
3. prove sth
prove sth to sb
prove sth to be
prove ... as
(to be)that-clause
4. beyond control:無(wú)法控制
in control:控制著
under control:控制中
out of control=lose control of:失控
5. tear sth to/into pieces
sth in half/into halves
sth open
sth down
at sth:撕扯著…(表過(guò)程)
sth:撕碎/撕破(表結(jié)果)
up:毀掉
off:脫去、跑掉
away from…:從…奪走
6. attend school/church
attend the meeting/lecture
join party/league/club/sb
join in the party/activity
7. call on sb=drop in on sb
call at a place=drop in at a place
visit +sb/a place
pay a visit to a place
8. be (well) worth + n./doing sth
be worthy + of+n.
be worthy + of+being done
be worthy + to be done
9.
pay for sth
pay sb for sth
pay sb money for sth=pay money to sb for sth
pay off:全部還清
pay back:償還,歸還;報(bào)復(fù)
10. make/carry out/perform/do experiment
by experiment
experiment on/upon…:對(duì)…進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)
二、語(yǔ)法專題──非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)
1. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法功能
具有哪些詞的部分特征 可作哪些句子成分
名詞
形容詞 副詞 主 賓 表 定 狀 補(bǔ)
不定式 √
√
√
√ √ √ √ √ √
動(dòng)名詞 √
√
√ √ √
現(xiàn)在分詞
√
√
√ √ √ √
過(guò)去分詞
√
√
√ √ √ √
2. 不定式和分詞作狀語(yǔ)的比較
名稱 狀語(yǔ)類型
時(shí)間 目的 結(jié)果 原因 方式 條件 伴隨 讓步
不定式
√
√
√
現(xiàn)在分詞 √
√
√
√
√
√
√
過(guò)去分詞 √
√
√
√
√
√
√
注:不定式和分詞都可作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),但用法和意義不同。不定式常和only, never連用,強(qiáng)調(diào)意想不到的結(jié)果和失望的情緒;而分詞往往與主句有因果關(guān)系,主句表原因,分詞形式表結(jié)果。
3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選擇原則:(1)與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系:主謂或動(dòng)賓;(2)與主謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間關(guān)系:①在主謂語(yǔ)之前一般用完成式;②與主謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)發(fā)生一般用現(xiàn)在分詞;③在主謂語(yǔ)之后一般用不定式。
4. 只能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(巧記)
(1)建議冒險(xiǎn)去獻(xiàn)身,忍受期待不停頓;(2)I make a red saver camp.每個(gè)字母代表一個(gè)單詞。
放棄延期悔失去,堅(jiān)持欣賞實(shí)踐成;
注意原諒避反對(duì),考慮要求不自禁;
允許習(xí)慣不介意,價(jià)值開(kāi)始想動(dòng)名。
它們所對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞或詞組分別是:advise, suggest, risk, devote oneself to; have/bear/stand(忍受), look forward to, stop, give up, delay, put off, regret, miss; keep (on)/insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice, finish; pay attention to, excuse, escape, avoid, object to; consider, require, cannot help, forbid; permit, be/get used to, mind; be worth, set about, imagine.
三、題型歸納完形填空的解題要決一
巧用首句信息:①利用首句把握文章的體裁:如果文章開(kāi)頭交代事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及人物等,毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)就是記敘文;如果文章開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山點(diǎn)明話題或作者的觀點(diǎn),那么很可能就是議論文或說(shuō)明文。②分析首句信息,預(yù)測(cè)下文內(nèi)容:一般情況下,根據(jù)首句所給的線索,就能粗知短文的大概內(nèi)容。由首句的提示,加上語(yǔ)法分析、邏輯推理,并借助于短文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)所提供的信息以及上下文之間的關(guān)系,就能進(jìn)一步確切了解短文內(nèi)容,為確定答案開(kāi)辟道路。
例1:Monty owns a horse ranch(牧場(chǎng)) in San Sedro. Once when asked about his____, he told the story about a young man, son of a horse trainer.
A. life
B. success
C. family
D. education
[分析]從本文的開(kāi)頭可以斷定是記敘文,同時(shí)第一句話還透露出Monty有一定的成就。從后文的"a horse trainer"可知他出身貧賤,由此可以斷定,人們不是詢問(wèn)他的"生活","家庭"或"受教育"情況,而是詢問(wèn)他"成功的秘訣"。
例2:…Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo(單獨(dú)的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them____.
A. tired
B. asleep
C. conscious D. busy
[分析]文章開(kāi)頭談到一個(gè)人進(jìn)行太空旅行會(huì)感到很孤單,因此通常給單獨(dú)旅行的宇航員安排很多工作以排遣這種孤獨(dú)的情緒。由常識(shí)可知,人在忙碌的時(shí)候不會(huì)感到孤單,而其他三項(xiàng)都與第一句話沒(méi)有關(guān)系。
例3:When I come across a good article in reading newspapers, I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so, I find the article on the____ side is also interesting…
A. each
B. other
C. another
D. either
[分析]作者非常喜歡閱讀報(bào)紙上的文章,當(dāng)他想要把那些好的文章剪下來(lái)保留時(shí)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)其背面的文章也同樣有趣。由文中的"newspapers"及常識(shí)可知報(bào)紙只有兩面,故用other