2024屆高三英語一輪復習課時作業(yè)50：語法專練十之定語從句
高考真題
1．(2011·大綱全國)The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
[解析]句意：這個獎項會給故事最具想象力的作者。根據句子結構可知，從句中缺少定語，故C項正確。that 與 which 在句中只可作表語、主語和賓語；what 不能引導定語從句。
[答案]C
2．(2011·江蘇)Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy icecream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
[解析]句意：在音樂會的兩部分之間有一段休息時間，那個時候觀眾可以買冰激凌。分析結構可知，定語從句先行詞為 interval，定語從句缺少時間狀語，用 when 引導，故A項正確。
[答案]A
3．(2011·湖南)Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. that
[解析]句意：朱麗葉精通德語，法語和俄語，并且都說得很流利。此處由“代詞＋of＋關系代詞”引導非限制性定語從句，which 指代先行詞 German，French and Russian。that 不能引導非限制性定語從句。
[答案]C
4．(2011·北京)Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ________， of course, made all the others upset.
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. that
[解析]句意：瑪麗對杰克比對其他的人都友好，當然，這使其他的所有人都很沮喪。what 和 that 不能引導非限制性定語從句；who 引導非限制性定語從句時指人；which 引導非限制性定語從句，which 指代前面整個句子的內容。
[答案]B
5．(2011·山東)The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.
A. they
B. where
C. what
D. that
[解析]句意：這古老的城鎮(zhèn)擁有狹窄的街道和一些小房子，這些房子都靠得很近。本題為定語從句，且從句中缺少主語，故D項正確。where 在從句中作狀語，they 和 what 不能引導定語從句。
[答案]D
6．(2011·陜西)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, ________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A. which
B. where
C. who
D. that
[解析]句意：我和朋友們走到山頂，在那兒我們欣賞到壯麗的湖景。該定語從句缺少地點狀語，所以用 where 引導。而 which，who 和 that 均無此用法。
[答案]B
7．(2011·四川)The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
A. which
B. whose
C. when
D. where
[解析]句意：那個以學生為主要顧客的校內商店，假期里停業(yè)。whose 引導非限制性定語從句，作定語修飾 customers，表示出商店與顧客的關系：商店的顧客。
[答案]B
8．(2011·福建)She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. who
[解析]句意：她有為她的學生創(chuàng)造一個允許他們互相自由交流的氣氛的能力。分析結構可知，________ allows them to communicate freely with each other 為atmosphere 的定語從句，從句缺少主語，用 which 引導。
[答案]A
9．(2011·江西)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years.
A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
[解析]句意：她領游客們參觀了博物館，其建設花費了三年多的時間。of 表所屬關系，意為“……的”；for“對于”；with“擁有，具有；隨著”；to“對于；向，往，到”。
[答案]C
10．(2011·浙江)A bank is the place ________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. there
[解析]首先排除D項。句意：銀行是在晴朗的日子借給你雨傘而下雨天收回傘的地方。分析句子結構可知，該從句缺少地點狀語，故選擇 where。排除 when (作時間狀語)和 that (作主語、賓語或表語)。
[答案]C
11．(2011·天津)The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
[解析]從句結構完整，故排除B、D兩項；where 指地點，與句意不符；引導的定語從句修飾先行詞 the days，故A項正確。句意：完全靠體力勞動謀生的日子已一去不復返了。
[答案]A
12．(2011·安徽)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ________ it will keep for two or three weeks.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. while
[解析]句意：不論剩下什么都可以把它放到冰箱里，可以保存兩三周的時間。where 引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，相當于 in the refrigerator。
[答案]C
13．(2010·全國Ⅰ)As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ________ named after his grandfather.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. that
[解析]句意：當杰克還是個孩子的時候，在一家鄉(xiāng)村學校學習，該校以杰克祖父的名字命名。分析句子結構可知，該句為含有非限制性定語從句的主從復合句，從句缺少主語，且先行詞為 village school，故選 which。
[答案]A
14．(2010·四川)After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, ________ turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
[解析]句意：大學畢業(yè)以后，我抽出了一點時間去旅游，這后來證明是個明智的決定。空格處缺少非限制性定語從句的引導詞，不可用 that，且在從句中作主語，不可用 when 和 where。
[答案]B
15．(2010·北京)Children who are not active or ________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what
B. whose
C. which
D. that
[解析]句意：那些不活動或者飲食含過多脂肪的孩子會很快胖起來。whose 在定語從句中作定語，修飾 diet，它引導的從句修飾先行詞 children。
[答案]B
16．(2010·陜西)The old temple ________ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A. where
B. which
C. its
D. whose
[解析]句意：屋頂在暴風雨中受到損壞的那座古廟現在正在修理中。“________ roof was damaged in a storm”是定語從句，修飾先行詞 temple，空格處是從句的引導詞且作名詞 roof 的定語，用 whose。
[答案]D
17．(2010·山東)That's the new machine ________ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
[解析]句意：那就是那臺新機器，其許多零件太小而看不到。先行詞是 the new machine，whose 表示“……的”，代替 the new machine's，在定語從句中作定語，修飾 parts。
[答案]C
18．(2010·福建)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. whose
[解析]句意：斯蒂芬·霍金認為：地球不大可能是有生命進化現象的唯一星球。限制性定語從句中缺少地點狀語，where 在此處引導定語從句，作地點狀語，修飾先行詞 planet。A、C和D三個選項都不能在從句中作狀語。
[答案]B
19．(2010·全國Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. what
[解析]句意：我拒絕接受因別人的錯誤而對我進行的指責。定語從句的先行詞是 something，who 在定語從句中指人，故排除A；引導詞在句中作主語，故用 that；as 只可引導非限制性定語從句，代替前面或后面的整個句子；what 不能引導定語從句。
[答案]B
20．(2010·天津)—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
—You should try the barber's ________ I go. It's only 15.
A. as
B. which
C. where
D. that
[解析]句意：—你相信我得花30美元理發(fā)嗎？—你應該去我去的那家理發(fā)店去嘗試一下，只花15美元。分析結構可知，where 引導定語從句，在定語從句中作狀語，并替代先行詞 the barber's (理發(fā)店)。其余選項不能在定語從句中作地點狀語。
[答案]C
21．(2010·江蘇)The newly-built cafe, the walls of ________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. which
[解析]句意：新建的咖啡館的墻壁被刷成淡綠色，對我們來說真是個安靜的好地方，尤其是在繁重的工作之后。本題考查“the＋名詞＋of＋關系代詞”引導定語從句，相當于“whose ＋n.”。
[答案]D
22．(2010·浙江)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom
B. which
C. them
D. those
[解析]句意：這個住宅區(qū)是將近一千人的家園，他們當中許多人離開農村的家到城市里尋找更好的生活。本題考查定語從句，先行詞是 people，指人，且作介詞 of 的賓語，故用 whom。
[答案]A
23．(2010·上海)Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.
A. on which
B. by which
C. to which
D. from which
[解析]句意：風能是一種古老的資源，我們在不久的將來要將其回歸。由四個選項可知，此處為“介詞＋which”引導的定語從句。return to“回到……”，為固定搭配，故應用“介詞to＋which”引導定語從句。
[答案]C
24．(2010·重慶)In China, the number of cities is increasing ________ development is recognized across the world.
A. where
B. which
C. whose
D. that
[解析]句意：在中國，那些取得舉世矚目大發(fā)展的城市越來越多了。本題考查從句的引導詞，從語境來看，需要一個表達 cities 與 development 之間所屬關系的引導詞，而 whose 就是用來表達先行詞與其它名詞之間所屬關系的引導詞，在此相當于cities' development，故選C。
[答案]C
25．(2010·湖南)I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who
B. where
C. when
D. which
[解析]句意：我已和我們學校的幾個學生成了好朋友，他們是我在去年英語演講比賽時遇到的。本題考查定語從句，先行詞為人，從句中缺少主語，故用 who 引導。
[答案]A
26．(2010·江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ________ she would stay for an hour.
A. where
B. who
C. which
D. what
[解析]句意：這位女孩安排在培訓中心和她的妹妹上鋼琴課，在那兒她要呆上一個小時。where 引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the training centre，且在從句中作地點狀語。
[答案]A
27．(2009·江蘇)Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A. if
B. when
C. which
D. since
[解析]句意：由于經濟危機，在當地五星級酒店住一個晚上就要6,000元的日子一去不復返了。“when local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night”作 days 的定語，關系副詞 when 在定語從句中作時間狀語。
[答案]B
28．(2009·四川)She'll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
[解析]句意：她永遠也忘不了她待在那里的那段時間，期間她找到了兩年前失蹤的兒子。stay 此處的意義相當于 a period of staying，故用 when 引導定語從句，且在從句中作時間狀語。
[答案]D
29．(2009·浙江)I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which
B. where
C. how
D. why
[解析]句意：我已經到了應該自己做決定的那個人生階段。當 point，case，situation 等作定語從句的先行詞時，若定語從句缺狀語，應用 where 引導。此處 where 引導定語從句，修飾先行詞 point。
[答案]B
30．(2009·天津)A person ________ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. whoever
[解析]句意：一個人的電子郵箱滿了，就不能收發(fā)任何郵件了。此題考查定語從句，先行詞為 a person。由空格后的名詞e-mail account 可知從句中缺的是可作定語的成分，用來修飾名詞，所以只能選 whose。
[答案]C
31．(2009·湖南)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which
B. of which
C. that
D. whose
[解析]句意：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奧爾良，這座城市的名字會讓我們聯(lián)想到一幅有著漂亮的樹和綠草的圖畫。本題考查定語從句，先行詞是 a city，代入定語從句后為：the_city's name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.由此可見，先行詞在定語從句中作定語，故用 whose。
[答案]D
32．(2009·安徽)Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their
B. whose
C. of them
