2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)夯實(shí)訓(xùn)練：Unit 16《Stories》（北師大版含解析）

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　　2024高考英語(yǔ)北師大版一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit 16夯實(shí)訓(xùn)練含答案

　　高考題型提能練(十六)　Unit 16

　　(2024·河南鄭州市高三第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China，__1__ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria (瘧疾)．Tu Youyou __2__(be) the woman who uses the plant’s special power to save millions of lives.The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.

　　On October 5，Tu was awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan.Tu is the first native Chinese person __3__(receive) a Nobel Prize in natural sciences.

　　Tu was modest about receiving the award：“It’s a success for the whole research team.”She also thinks __4__ is scientists’ duty to fight for the health of all humans.

　　When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine __5__ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s，things were hard.The team didn’t have advanced equipment back then.Tu used to test __6__(medicine) by eating them herself.Her team searched old Chinese medicine books __7__ hand and tested over 2，000 traditional recipes.

　　Once Tu __8__(return) home after traveling for six months.Her little daughter didn’t recognize her and hid from the“strange woman”．To do research，Tu also had to move around a lot.

　　Finally，Tu found artemisinin (青蒿素) in sweet wormwood in 1971.She spent the next decades __9__(try)to improve the medicine.According to World Health Organization，about 200 million people suffer __10__ malaria around the world，and about half a million die each year.Artemisinin is still the most effective treatment against malaria known today.

　　Tu never complains about how hard she works.“I feel more rewarded when I see so many cured patients，” she said.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。屠呦呦是中國(guó)第一個(gè)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的女科學(xué)家，她帶領(lǐng)她的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)了

　　1．but　[考查連詞。空前語(yǔ)境為：青蒿在中國(guó)是一種常見(jiàn)的植物；空后語(yǔ)境為：它有治愈致命疾病——瘧疾的能力。根據(jù)空處前后語(yǔ)境可以判斷，兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。]

　　2．is　[考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的“who uses the plant’s special power”可知，該句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。又因主語(yǔ)為Tu Youyou，故用is。]

　　3．to receive　[考查動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)該句中的“the first native Chinese person”可以判斷，該句應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作person的后置定語(yǔ)。]

　　4．it　[考查it的用法。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to fight for the health of all humans作真正的主語(yǔ)，it作形式主語(yǔ)。]

　　5．that/which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析該句結(jié)medicine，空處在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which或that引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。]

　　6．medicines　[考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)該句中的them可以判斷，空處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。]

　　7．by/on/at/in　[考查介詞。by hand意為“用手”；on hand，at hand，in hand意為“在手頭”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知這四個(gè)介詞都對(duì)。]

　　8．returned　[考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)下句的“Her little daughter didn’t

　　recognize her”可知，這里陳述的是過(guò)去的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。]

　　9．trying　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。spend time doing sth 為固定搭配，意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，故用trying。]

　　10．from　[考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。suffer from為固定搭配，意為“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　These days, there are very few wild animals left

　　in the UK. The wolves have gone. The bears have been hunted to extinction.

　　Fortunately, there are a few badgers ()—Oh, well, actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too! But why?

　　Badgers are fascinating creatures.

　　The black and white mammals live underground in “setts”， which they dig out of the earth. They are extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves.

　　The problem is that some badgers carry “Bovine Tuberculosis”(BTB), an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Bovis (M. Bovis) which can cause TB in some other animals, including cattle.

　　For farmers, this is a serious issue. In 1998 in the UK, almost 6 000 cows were killed to control the disease. And in 2010, more than 30 000 animals were destroyed. It's expensive too. Bovine TB costs the UK about ￡100 million per year. And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy ￡9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.

　　Experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle.

　　So, after much debate, the government has agreed to a badger cull (殺戮). This will mean about 30 000 of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease.

　　Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman admitted that there was

　　“great strength of feeling”

　　about it, but said, “I believe this is the right way forward.”

　　Of course, many are against the measure, including conservationists and animal rights activists. They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldn't work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the empty setts and become infected too. Furthermore, they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.

　　Most ordinary people are against the measure too. A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender. One of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine (疫苗) on badgers. However, this costs an average of ￡2 250 per year per square kilometer. Trapping and shooting badgers costs ￡2 500 per year, but shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．

　　So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks!

　　文章大意：本文是一篇資訊報(bào)道。在英國(guó)，一些獾身上攜帶TB病菌，這種病菌會(huì)傳播給牲畜，從而給農(nóng)民帶來(lái)巨大的損失。政府不顧多數(shù)人的反對(duì)，決定采取行動(dòng)來(lái)殺掉獾，因?yàn)閷?duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣做的代價(jià)相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)較低。

　　1．Why does the government want to kill the badgers?

　　A．Because there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease.

　　B．Because badgers carry TB, a disease which can infect other animals.

　　C．Because they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle.

　　D．Because it might be an effective way to fight TB at the least expense.

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中第四句“The problem is that some badgers carry ‘Bovine Tuberculosis’ (BTB)．..”及倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“... shooting freerunning badgers only costs about ￡200 per year (per square kilometer)．”可知，殺死獾可能是以最低價(jià)來(lái)對(duì)抗TB傳播的有效辦法。故答案選D。

　　2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．Some people object to culling because it costs much more to trap and shoot badgers.

　　B．In the following four decades, ￡9 billion will be spent on TB.

　　C．Based on the survey, people of different age groups, regions and both genders are against

　　killing the badgers.

　　D．Caroline Spelman thought badgers should be culled despite people's strong reaction.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“A survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender.”可知，一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明來(lái)自不同年齡、地區(qū)和性別的人，大多數(shù)都反對(duì)屠殺獾。故答案選C。

　　3．Who is strongly for killing the badgers according the passage?

　　A．The government.

　　B．Most ordinary people.

　　C．Conservationists.

　　D．Animal rights activists.

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四、五、六段及文章最后一段中“it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府對(duì)屠殺獾是非常支持的，因?yàn)檫@樣做的代價(jià)最低。故答案選A。

　　4．What is the author's attitude toward government's decision?

　　A．Supportive.

　　B．Critical.

　　C．Objective.

　　D．Unconcerned.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句中“actually, not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too！”及最后一段“So, with that in mind, it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. Money talks！”可知，政府不顧多數(shù)人的反對(duì)，只考慮錢的問(wèn)題。從中可以看出，作者對(duì)政府的決定是持批評(píng)態(tài)度。故答案選B。

　　5．Which is the best title for the passage?

　　A．The Control of TB

　　B．The Voice of the Badgers

　　C．Badger Danger

　　D．The Threat of the Badgers

　　答案：C　標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講了英國(guó)政府不顧人們的反對(duì)，已經(jīng)決定殺死獾，從而使獾處于危險(xiǎn)之中。因此，短文的最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)是Badger Danger。故答案選C。

　　(2024·貴陽(yáng)市適應(yīng)性檢測(cè)考試)

　　Choose your wish list

　　It's normal for any student's college wish list to change throughout high school. But when it comes time to apply, many seniors have a hard time narrowing down their choices.

　　There's no hard and fast answer, but there are several things you can do and ask yourself to make the decision easier. Here are three pieces of advice that might help.

　　Do your research

　　Above all, it's important to figure out your wants and needs. What do you expect from your education? What are you willing to give up?

　　Veronica Hauad, senior associate director of admissions (錄取) at the University of Chicago in the US, said students should start by taking time to figure_out those questions.

　　“Find the thing that's most important to you, and then you can start searching on that factor and sort things out later，” Hauad said.

　　Don't focus on rankings

　　It's easy to focus too hard on school rankings, but don't let that make your decision for you when you're looking at colleges. In the long run, rankings probably won't have a big effect on your education. It's OK to look at rankings, but don't obsess (過(guò)于執(zhí)著) over them. Find colleges that really interest you. If they end up being on a top list, think of it as an extra pleasure.

　　Think about your future

　　Here's an important question to ask all of the colleges on your list: How many of your students find jobs after graduation? An Ivy League school may look good on an application, but what will the college do to help you find a job?

　　Students should also make sure they're going to college for the right reasons.

　　University of Illinois sophomore (二年級(jí)學(xué)生) Steve Wang said he has met students who aren't looking at the bigger picture. “I see a lot of students who go to college for the sake of the college experience — not for a higher education，” Wang explained. “So people show up and spend a lot of time at parties and not really paying attention to schoolwork. That's not really what college is for.”

　　1.When you apply to a college, you should ________.

　　A.find out what you really want

　　B.choose the best-known college

　　C.consider the things you can do

　　D.quit a chance for further study

　　2.What does the underlined part “figure out” in Paragraph

　　probably mean?

　　A.Let out.B.Look out.

　　C.Make out.

　　D.Check out.

　　3.Steve Wang spends his main time on ________.

　　A.part-time jobs

　　B.schoolwork

　　C.parties

　　D.college experiences

　　4.What is the passage mainly for?

　　A.Researchers.

　　B.Educators.

　　C.Applicants.

　　D.Sophomores.

　　1．解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)作者給即將步入大學(xué)的高中生所提供的三條建議的內(nèi)容尤其是第三段第一句“Above all, it's important to figure out your wants and needs.”可知高中生在申請(qǐng)大學(xué)時(shí)一定要做好相關(guān)調(diào)查弄清楚自己的真正需求不要太執(zhí)著于大學(xué)的排名要為自己的將來(lái)考慮選那些能真正吸引自己的大學(xué)A項(xiàng)符合題意故答案選A解析：選C　詞義猜測(cè)題畫線短語(yǔ)所在段落的上一段中提到了一些讓學(xué)生思考的問(wèn)題根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可知Veronica Hauad認(rèn)為學(xué)生應(yīng)該花些時(shí)間弄清楚那些問(wèn)題由此可推知figure out的意思應(yīng)為“弄清楚”make out的意思也為“弄清楚”故答案選C解析：選B　推理判斷題在最后一段中Steve Wang認(rèn)為很多學(xué)生來(lái)到大學(xué)只是為了有上大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷而不是為了接受更高的教育持有這種想法的學(xué)生會(huì)經(jīng)常參加聚會(huì)而不把主要精力放在學(xué)業(yè)上由Steve Wang的話可推知他不贊同這種做法故他的時(shí)間應(yīng)該主要是花在學(xué)業(yè)上的故答案選B解析：選C　推理判斷題根據(jù)文章前兩段內(nèi)容可知這篇文章是給那些即將高中畢業(yè)準(zhǔn)備申請(qǐng)大學(xué)的學(xué)生提供的一些建議故答案選CWhen I was 8 years old, I decided to run away from home after a quarrel with my mother. With my suitcase packed and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door.

　　My mom asked where I was going. “I’m leaving home,” I said.

　　“What’s that you’re carrying?” she asked.

　　“Some clothes and food,” I replied.

　　“If you want to run away, that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.”

　　I threw my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor and started for the door again.

　　“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “You didn’t have any clothes on when you arrived, and I want them back.”

　　This infuriated me. I tore my clothes off — shoes, socks, underwear and all — and shouted, “Can I go now?”

　　“Yes,” my mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”

　　I was so angry that I shut the door forcefully and stepped out of my home. Then I noticed down the street two neighbor girls walking toward our house. I was so shy that I saw the big spruce (云杉) tree in our yard and jumped under the low-hanging branches. A pile of dried-up brown needles were beneath the tree, and you can’t imagine the pain those sharp needles caused to my body.

　　After I was sure the girls had passed by, I ran to the front door and knocked at it loudly.

　　“It’s Billy! Let me in!”

　　The voice behind the door answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.”

　　Looking behind me to see if anyone else was coming down the street, I said, “Mom! I’m sorry. I’m still your son. Let me in!”

　　The door opened and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your mind about running away?” she asked.

　　“What’s for supper?” I smiled back.

　　1. When the author was leaving home, his mother ordered him to _____.

　　A. stay at home

　　B. take some sandwiches

　　C. leave everything behind

　　D. check his suitcase carefully

　　2. Which of the following can best describe the author’s mom?