2024屆廣西來賓市高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：4（含解析）

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　　廣西來賓市2024高考英語一輪閱讀理解專練（4）含答案

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (來源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (風(fēng)車) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

　　For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

　　During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

　　風(fēng)能早在公元前七世紀(jì)就開始被人們用風(fēng)車所利用，當(dāng)人們發(fā)明了電以后，風(fēng)能被用來發(fā)電，但隨著電的廣泛使用，風(fēng)車逐漸不被人們使用了。而進(jìn)入二十世紀(jì)七十年代后，人們又逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到了風(fēng)能的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

　　1．From the text we know that windmills ________.

　　A. were invented by European armies

　　B. have a history of more than 2,800 years

　　C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas

　　D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

　　答案：C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后兩句話可知風(fēng)車首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A項(xiàng)；公元前七世紀(jì)到現(xiàn)在應(yīng)是不足2800年，故排除B項(xiàng)；由第二段當(dāng)中的第二、三句話可以排除D項(xiàng)，同時(shí)也能知道C項(xiàng)是正確的。

　?。甒hat was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?

　　A. Sailing a boat.

　　B. Producing electricity.

　　C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumping water from underground.

　　答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的第二句話可知“在十九世紀(jì)末期人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了電以后，住在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們開始用風(fēng)車發(fā)電”。

　?。甇ne of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.

　　A. wind power is cleaner

　　B. it is one of the oldest power sources

　　C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind

　　D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

　　答案：A。主旨大意題。由文章最后一段可知。

　　4．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

　　A. The advantages of wind power.

　　B. The design of wind power plants.

　　C. The worldwide movement to save energy.

　　D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.

　　答案：D。推理判斷題。文章最后一句話“如今，出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)全球化的運(yùn)動(dòng)，要通過風(fēng)能的利用來提供越來越多的電力”，表明作者會(huì)就這個(gè)話題繼續(xù)展開。

　　閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。體裁：記敘文　話題：人物傳記　詞數(shù)：586　時(shí)間：6′

　　You could feel sorry for Alberto Torres，who is blind.The last thing he remembers seeing was his daughter being born 13 years ago.Then the world went blank; he can only imagine what his only child looks like nowas a teenaged honor student.Bad luck is no stranger to this warm and thoughtful 37-year-old man.His mother died of cancer when he was 4，and his father，who was often ill，had to give him up to the care of the state when he was 11.He later worked for 19 years in a workshop making household goods，deathly boring work.Earlier this month，Alberto Torres's wife，who had just been laid off from her job，had to have a breast removed due to cancer and now faces a year of radiation treatments.Things seemed always to go from almost incredibly bad to worse.Even Mr.Torres's good luck has a dark side：Five years ago，his lovely guide dog pulled him out of the path of a truck.Mr.Torres was not hurt.The dog was killed.

　　But Mr.Torres does not feel sorry for himself.“These are just little bumps you have to go over in your life，” he said.At 5 a．m.on a recent morning，we caught up with Mr.Torres at a subway stop in Brooklyn，New York，near where he lives in a third-floor apartment (with no elevator)．He had been up since 3 a．m.，feeding his new dog，making coffee，getting ready.“When you're blind，it takes a little longer to do things，” he said.

　　Mr.Torres was beginning his two-hour trip to his job developing film in the X-ray department of the emergency room of the Bronx hospital.He would take the G train to Queens Plaza station to the R train，heading towards Manhattan.He would then ride the R train to 59th Street where he would walk upstairs to switch to the Number 6 train.At one point along the journey，he might chat with a stranger.At another，someone would pat his dog，calling him by name.People offered assistance，even seats.At 125th Street，Mr.Torres would transfer to the Number 4 train by crossing the platform.At 149th Street，he would go down to the Number 2.He would take that to East 180th Street where he nearly always has a long wait for his final train，to Pelham Parkway.Then he and his dog would walk 20 minutes to the hospital.

　　It was a hard job to come by.Before he got the job，Mr.Torres was determined to escape the workshop run by an organization dedicated to help people who can't see.He wanted a job developing X-ray film，something that everyone must do in the dark.He had to handle the long trip，as well as the work.“Our philosophy here is that blind people can do just about anything except drive buses，” it was the thinking about disabled people at the Bronx hospital.“We find what a person can do rather than what he can't do，” said the hospital's director.

　　One day a while ago marked the first anniversary of Mr.Torres's hiring.He developed 150 or so X-rays，his husual output，to celebrate.Mr.Torres works by himself in a small，dark room that smells of chemicals.He cannot wear gloves，because he needs to feel.It is hard work，related to emergency of lives.His immediate supervisor says he trusts him 100%.Mr.Torres makes $20，000 a year.But his motivation goes beyond money.“If I start feeling like a victim，that makes me bitter.And why be bitter？That makes you go into a hole and stay there.” he said.“I'm not doing anything out of the ordinary insisted Mr.Torres as he quickly completed the task.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是傳記類文章閱讀。文章主要講述了Alberto Torres先生自女兒出生就失明了，并慘遭各類非常人的打擊，但他依然向正常人一樣頑強(qiáng)生活。

　　1．Mr.Torres became blind when ________．

　　A．his daughter was just born

　　B．he was thirteen years old

　　C．his mother died of cancer

　　D．his wife was out of work

　　答案　A　[考查細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)。根據(jù)文章第一段的第二句話The last thing he remembers seeing was his daughter being born 13 years ago可知他在女兒出生時(shí)失明的。故選A。]

　　2．Mr.Torres does not feel sorry for himself because he ________．

　　A．was once saved by his lovely guide dog

　　B．is taken good care of by the government

　　C．thinks it's natural to have setbacks in life

　　D．believes it takes a little longer to do things

　　答案　C　[考查細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)。根據(jù)文章第二段的Mr.Torres所說的話These are just little bumps you have to go over in your life可知他認(rèn)為生活中的不幸都是自然的。故選C。]

　　3．The description of Mr.Torres's long trip to work shows ________．

　　A．the effective traffic system

　　B．the kindness of New Yorkers

　　C．the loyalty of his guide dog

　　D．his will to overcome difficulty

　　答案　D　[考查主旨大意。A.有效的交通系統(tǒng)；B.紐約人的好心；C.他的向?qū)Ч返闹艺\；D.他克服困難的意志。根據(jù)文章第三、四段的描述，是Mr Torres的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志讓他克服了困難。故選D。]

　　4.What is the principle of the hospital in employing a worker?

　　A．Sympathy counts most.

　　B．Ability comes first.

　　C．Preference for the blind.

　　D．Easy job for the weak.

　　答案　B　[考查判斷推理。A.同情心最重要；B.能力為先；C.偏愛盲人；D.對(duì)弱者來說的容易工作。根據(jù)文章第四段的“We find what a person can do rather than what he can't do，”可知該醫(yī)院雇傭人是能力為先。故選B。]

　　5．Mr.Torres works very hard in order to ________．

　　A．make plenty of money

　　B．win his supervisor's trust

　　C．live like a normal person

　　D．complete his daily task

　　答案　C　[考查細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)。根據(jù)文章最后一段的I'm not doing anything out of the ordinary可知Mr.Torres工作就是為了像正常人一樣工作。故選C。]

　　6．In the eyes of the writer，Alberto Torres is a man of ________．

　　A．deep thinking

　　B．weak motivation

　　C．special talents

　　D．great independence

　　答案　D　[考查主旨大意。通讀全文，并根據(jù)文章中對(duì)主人翁的描述可知在作者的眼中Alberto Torres是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的人。故選D。]

　　閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。體裁：記敘文　話題：人與自然　詞數(shù)：320　時(shí)間：5′

　　All trade in five named species of sharks is to be regulated (管制) from now on.Without a permit，the sale of their meat or fins(鰭) will be forbidden.

　　The regulation was agreed last year at a meeting of the Convention

　　on International

　　Trade

　　in Endangered Species in Thailand.According to the rules，the whitetip (白鰭鯊)，the porbeagle (鼠鯊)，and three varieties of hammerhead will be protected.Besides，manta rays (比目魚)，valued for their gills (鰓)which are used in Chinese medicine，will also be protected.

　　The action is seen as the most important one in the 40-year history to protect these species.

　　“Regulating international trade in these shark and manta ray species has a great effect on their survival and is a very clear way of helping to protect sharks and our oceans，” said Secretary General John Scanlon.“The practical steps will involve issues such as limiting export levels，and identifying the fins，gills and meat that are in trade.This may seem challenging，but by working together we can do it and we will do it.”

　　Under the rules，all trade in these sharks and rays across 180 countries will not be allowed unless they have got their permits given by the national related organization.

　　As a matter of fact，trade in shark fins has already decreased greatly as a result of campaigns to raise awareness.Recently it has been reported that sales have gone down by 70%.Earlier this year the hotel giant，Hilton Worldwide stopped serving shark fins at its 96 owned and managed Asia-Pacific hotels.

　　However，Denmark，Canada，Guyana，Japan，Iceland and Yemen have all announced they will not follow the new rules and will continue to fish for some or all of these species.Under the regulations though，they are only able to trade with other countries that are also ready to ignore the rules.

　　Officials point out that for such a questioned issue，the number of countries which is going to continue the trade is small.

　　【語篇解讀】　去年在泰國的一個(gè)國際會(huì)議上，與會(huì)人員通過了保護(hù)鯊魚和比目魚的規(guī)定。人們需要獲得許可證才能捕殺和交易鯊魚。

　　1．The purpose of putting the new rules into force is to ________．

　　A．limit people's trade in ocean animals' meat

　　B．protect some species of sharks against over fishing

　　C．let

　　fishers

　　know

　　the

　　importance of protecting sharks

　　D．prevent big hotels from serving sharks' meat

　　答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一、

　　2．Which of the following doesn't belong to species of sharks?

　　A．The manta ray.

　　B．The porbeagle.

　　C．The whitetip.

　　D．The hammerhead.

　　答案　A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“According to the rules，the whitetip，the porbeagle，and three varieties of hammerhead will be protected.Besides，manta rays...”可知，比目魚不屬于鯊魚。]

　　．What can be inferred from John Scanlon' s words in Paragraph Four?

　　A．The regulation may have some negative effects on sharks.

　　B．The export of sharks' meat will be called off in some periods.

　　C．It's nearly impossible to carry out the regulation worldwide.

　　D．Officials are confident that the regulations have a promising future.

　　答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“This may seem challenging，but by working together we can do it and we will do it.”可知，John Scanlon認(rèn)為雖然很具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但是只要人們一起努力，保護(hù)鯊魚的行動(dòng)就會(huì)成功，由此可推知，官方對(duì)新規(guī)定的前景很看好。]

　　．Hilton Worldwide is a good example of ________．

　　A．people's getting their permits to trade in shark fins

　　B．a(chǎn) successful company's managing its wealth

　　C．people's beginning to stop eating shark fins

　　D．people's raising awareness to protect sharks

　　答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，隨著保護(hù)鯊魚意識(shí)的提

　　閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Leadership is the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things”, he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms. When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德準(zhǔn)則) and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.

　　1. What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?

　　A. Leaders should be good at making right decisions.

　　B. Leaders should be good at doing things right.

　　C. Leaders should be good at ignoring the distinctions he associates with the terms.

　　D. Leaders should be skilled in predicting future.

　　2. Under what condition are people likely to succeed, in terms of what the personality ethic suggests ?

　　A. When people have little determination , they will be successful.

　　B. When people have good behaviour, they will gain success.

　　C. If people have positive mental attitude , they are likely to succeed.

　　D. If people have negative mental attitude , they are certain to succeed.

　　3. How can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environments, according to Stephen Covey?

　　A. Firstly they have to think highly of themselves.