2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識點(diǎn)專練：介詞及介詞短語

　　介詞及介詞短語

　　一、用合適的介詞填空

　　1．Three of the town's factories have closed down ________ the space of a year.

　　答案與解析　within　句意：這個鎮(zhèn)里的工廠有三家在一年的時間內(nèi)就倒閉了。within“在(某段時間)之內(nèi)”，后加一段時間，符合句意。

　　2．We often hear children sing songs happily in the kindergarten ________ the street.

　　答案與解析　across　句意：我們經(jīng)常可以聽到街道另一邊幼兒園的小朋友在快樂地唱歌。across表示從某物的表面“橫過”。

　　3．—How smart you are in that suit!

　　—Can't you see I'm thinner? I've managed to lose my weight ________ 10 pounds.

　　答案與解析　by　由句中的“Can't you see I'm thinner？”可知，答話人和以前相比瘦了，因此填by。by＋數(shù)量詞表示升降、增減的程度。

　　4．Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival ________ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.

　　答案與解析　to　句意：和高爾夫一樣，瑜伽也是近年才出現(xiàn)在中國，它可能會成為一個蓬勃發(fā)展的行業(yè)。這里用介詞to表示“對……來說”。

　　5．Mr. Carter will be the main speaker ________ the graduation ceremony.

　　答案與解析　at　句意：Carter先生將作為畢業(yè)典禮上主要的發(fā)言人。at the graduation ceremony意思是“在畢業(yè)典禮上”，為固定短語。

　　6．To our surprise, the price of oil rose ________ a further $2 a barrel.

　　答案與解析　by　句意：讓我們驚訝的是，石油每桶又漲了兩美元。表示上升或下降的幅度用介詞by。

　　7．David was always ________ his best in any danger, but at that moment he froze.

　　答案與解析　at　句意：遇到任何危險大衛(wèi)都會保持自己的最佳狀態(tài)，但在那一刻他卻愣住了。這里用介詞短語at one's best表示“(健康、情緒、才能、競技等)處于最佳狀態(tài)，處于全盛時期”。

　　8．Every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job ________ working at a grocery store to a fast food restaurant.

　　答案與解析　from　句意：每個青少年都需要經(jīng)歷第一份不太有趣的工作——從在雜貨店工作到在快餐店工作。此處是from...to...“從……到……”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　9．Tom is one of the top students in our school and the scores he's got in each exam are always far ________average.

　　答案與解析　above　根據(jù)“Tom is one of the top students in our school”可知，湯姆在歷次考試中的得分總是高于平均水平。above average“高于平均水平”。

　　10．—What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?

　　—Well，let's discuss it ________ lunch.

　　答案與解析　over　句意：——本周末的野餐我們準(zhǔn)備些什么呢？——哦，我們吃午飯的時候商量一下吧。這里用介詞over表示“在……期間”。

　　11．The dress is very nice, but not ________ the girl's taste，for she is somehow particular.

　　答案與解析　to　句意：這件裙子很漂亮，但是不符合這個女孩的口味，因?yàn)樗行┨籼蕖o one's taste“符合某人的口味”，為固定短語。

　　12．—What do you think of Tom playing football?

　　—I don't think he is much ________ a good footballer.

　　答案與解析　of　此處表示“我認(rèn)為他不是一個很好的足球運(yùn)動員”，not be much of a(n)＋n.表示“算不上是……”，為固定搭配，符合語境，該句使用了否定轉(zhuǎn)移。

　　13．Math is ________ me. I can never get high grades.

　　答案與解析　beyond　句意：數(shù)學(xué)對我來說很難。我從來都得不了高分。beyond“在……的那邊；超過”。

　　14．The equipment for disabled people should be ________ easy reach in public places.

　　答案與解析　within　句意：在公共場所為殘疾人提供的設(shè)備應(yīng)便于觸及。within reach“在夠得著的范圍”。

　　15．Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter ________ physical and mental health.

　　答案與解析　on　句意：科學(xué)家們確信笑對人的身心健康有積極的影響。effect后接on，意為“對……的影響”為固定搭配。

　　16．In some countries, friends kiss ________ both cheeks when they say goodbye.

　　答案與解析　on　句意：在一些國家，朋友告別的時候，在兩邊臉頰上親吻。on表示“在……表面”。

　　17．Jack, what's your main reason for choosing one restaurant ________ another?

　　答案與解析　over　句意：杰克，你選擇一家飯店而不選擇另一家的主要原因是什么？

　　18．The purpose of the article is to draw public attention ________ the problem.

　　答案與解析　to　句意：這篇文章的目的是引起公眾對這個問題的關(guān)注。draw attention to“引起注意”。

　　19．The accident was my fault，so I had to pay the damage ________ the other car.

　　答案與解析　to　句意：這次事故是我的錯，所以我不得不賠償另一輛車的損失。the damage to“對……的損失”，用介詞to。

　　20．Our province has recently launched a “Beautiful China, Refreshing Fujian” tourism promotion campaign, ________ its fresh air as the main selling point.

　　答案與解析　with　with its fresh air as the main selling point是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們省近來推出“美麗中國，清新福建”旅游推廣活動，把清新的空氣作為主要賣點(diǎn)。

　　二、用合適的介詞完成下列句子，每空一詞。

　　1．穿著紅衣服的女孩們在講意大利語。

　　The girls dressed ________ red were speaking ________ Italian.

　　答案　in；in

　　2．他們面臨的任務(wù)似乎遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出他們的能力。

　　The tasks they were faced ________ seemed far ________ their ability.

　　答案　with；beyond

　　3．由于你沒有告訴我，我對你很生氣。

　　I'm pretty angry ________ you for not telling me.

　　答案　with

　　4．她躺在床上，閉著雙眼。

　　She lay ________ bed ________ her eyes closed.

　　答案　in；with

　　5．她一聽到這消息就痛哭流涕。

　　________ hearing the news，she burst ________ tears.

　　答案　On; into

　　三、語法填空

　　(2024·河南洛陽測試)

　　Jean is a 17-year-old high school student. On Saturday mornings, Jean and her friends take part __1__ the program called SAVE THE KIDS. They travel to a poor area of Washington D. C. They help younger students learn __2__ to read and solve mathematics problems. Many American teenagers join in programs __3__ serve their communities. On weekends Jean sometimes works at an ice-cream store. When she is not working, she gets together with her girlfriends. They might go to a movie, to a shopping mall or to an eating place. Or they might attend __4__ sports event of their high school. They also often stay at one girl's house for the night.

　　__5__ teenagers in most parts of the country, Jean began driving a car when she was 16 years old. She does not have her car, however. She must __6__ the family car with her parents. About 70 percent of American teenagers have their own cars. Many of them drive their cars to school every day. Jean does not smoke cigarettes __7__ drink alcohol. __8__ do her friends. But many teenagers at her school do. Drinking alcohol is a major problem there. Every weekend teenagers have parties, where they drink alcohol. Then they drive to other parties. People under the age of 21 __9__ (not allow) to drink alcohol in the United States. And it is __10__ (danger) to drink and drive a car. Yet this does not stop some teenagers.

　　答案與解析　

　　語篇解讀　本文講的是美國女孩Jean的成長軌跡。

　　1．in　考查固定搭配。take part in意為“參加”，是固定搭配。

　　2．how　考查“特殊疑問詞＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。此處表示方式，故用how(怎樣，如何)。

　　3．that/which　考查定語從句。空處所填詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，先行詞是programs，故填that/which。

　　4．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。此處指某“一項”運(yùn)動，event為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，sports以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。

　　5．Like　考查介詞。表示“像……一樣”用介詞like，注意位于句首時首字母大寫。

　　6．share　考查語義理解。根據(jù)上下文可知，Jean不得不和父母“共用”車，再由空后的with可知，此處填share。

　　7．or　考查連詞。or在否定句中表示“和”。

　　8．Neither/Nor　考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。“Neither/Nor＋助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋另一主語”表示前面的否定情況也適用于后者。

　　9．a(chǎn)re not allowed　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處指在美國21歲以下的人“不被允許”喝酒，be not allowed to do sth.不被允許做某事。且此處表示一般事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時，加之主語為people under the age of 21，所以此處填are not allowed。

　　10．dangerous　考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，故填danger的形容詞形式dangerous。

　　四、閱讀理解

　　(2024·福建卷)

　　SIGN YOUR CHILD UP FOR

　　“FLY TO THE MOON CLUB”

　　AND ENJOY A FREE *FLIGHT TO ANY

　　DESTINATION IN ASIA!

　　With a registration fee of just $50 per child,

　　children under the age of 12 can join Eagle Airways'

　　FLY TO THE MOON CLUB as members.

　　They can then enjoy the same benefits onboard Eagle Airways' newest Boeing-797 to any destination in the world!

　　BENEFITS YOU CAN'T MISS!

　　●A free * flight to any destination in Asia

　　●30% off any course at Tanya Language School

　　●20% off any purchase made at Ruby Bookstore

　　●A free notebook with every purchase above $50 at Starlight Stationery

　　●A free bowl of dessert for a family of four at Don's Diners with every set dinner ordered

　　●A birthday gift on your child's birthday

　　●A free album containing pictures taken during the journey

　　All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance for the entire family! **Insurance is issued by Live Life Insurance Group.

　　10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS

　　for departures from 5 to 11 September 2024

　　*Child must be accompanied by two paying adults.

　　**Terms and conditions apply.

　　語篇解讀　本文是一則廣告，旨在讓父母為孩子報名參加“FLY TO THE MOON CLUB”。

　　1．One of the benefits mentioned in the advertisement is ________.

　　A. a free flight to any destination in the world

　　B. 30% off any book purchased at Ruby Bookstore

　　C. a free bowl of dessert at any restaurant at the airport

　　D. a discount on any course at Tanya Language School

　　答案與解析　D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)BENEFITS YOU CAN'T MISS！中的“30% off any course at Tanya Language School”可知，在Tanya語言學(xué)校參加者選任何一門課程都可以享受30%的折扣。

　　2．Which of the following bookings may receive the most benefits?

　　A.

　　Booking date Departure date

　　September 13 September 18

　　B.

　　Booking date Departure date

　　September 2 September 12

　　C.

　　Booking date Departure date

　　August 15 September 4

　　D.

　　Booking date Departure date

　　August 16 September 8

　　答案與解析　D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章中的“All bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurances for the entire family”和“10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS for departures from 5 to 11 September 2024”可知，分別在這兩個時間段預(yù)訂和出發(fā)享受的優(yōu)惠最多。

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement?

　　A. You need to pay $50 to sign up a child for the club.

　　B. Club members enjoy free travel insurance for any flight.

　　C. The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.

　　D. Any child must be accompanied by at least one paying adult.

　　答案與解析　A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章開頭的“With a registration fee of just $50 per child”可知答案。

　　五、短文改錯

　　(2024·甘肅蘭州雙基過關(guān))

　　Dear Sir/Madam，

　　I'm one of your customer. I ordered a set of books on your website two weeks ago, but I didn't received it until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were too poorly packed up that the cover of one book were torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missed.

　　I'm sorry to have received such poorly service, and I believe I have every right ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money back or deliver a new set of books to me. Beside, I'd like to be informed of the process of your deal with my complaint.

　　Looking forward to your reply.

　　Li Hua

　　答案　

　　Dear Sir/Madam，

　　I'm one of your . I ordered a set of books on your website two weeks ago, but I didn't

　　it until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were

　　poorly packed up that the cover of one book

　　torn. To make matters worse, it is not a

　　complete set, as I found one book .

　　I'm sorry to have received such

　　service, and I believe I have every right

　　ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me. ， I'd like to be informed of the process of your

　　with my complaint.

　　Looking forward to your reply.

　　Li Hua