2024屆高考英語一輪復習專題技能突破演練：47 詞匯之合成、轉化（含解析）
專題技能突破(47) 詞匯之合成、轉化
【技能講解】 合成法——兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞的方法；轉化法——不改變詞形，把一個詞由一種詞性轉用為另一種詞性的方法。典例剖析1．合成
通過原來認識的詞可以推測出新合成的詞的意思，如：
teamwork 合作， underground 地鐵，
father-in-law 岳父， updated 最新的，
ill-mannered 不禮貌的，
two-faced 兩面派的，
iron-willed 有鋼鐵意志的，
airconditioner 空調，
alarm clock 鬧鐘，
bookmark 書簽，
generation gap 代溝，
bank account 銀行賬戶，
baby-sitter 看孩子的人。
2．轉化
不改變詞形，但改變詞性，轉化后的詞意可能與原詞義相關也可能不相關，需要有意地識記。如：
look v.→n. ＝ have a book
survey v. →n. ＝make a survey
walk v. →n. ＝take a walk
visit v. →n. ＝pay a visit
button n.→v. 扣鈕扣
book n.→v. 預訂
seat n.→v. 容納
back n.→v. 支持
slow adj. →v. 減慢
warm adj. →v. 使溫暖/暖和
narrow adj. →v. 縮小
private adj. →n. 士兵
plant v. →n. 工廠，植物
技能演練In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.[2024·浙江高考，C篇]
答案：v. 使成為空的，把……弄空 v. 反射，反映
2．Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. [2024·安徽高考，E篇]
togetherness: ________
答案：n. 團結和睦
3．Surround yourself with people who uplift,_encourage and understand you! Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering！[2024.福建高考，E篇]
答案：v. 使上升，振作 adj. 使有能力的，給予力量的
4．So one day, just to see what she would do, I gently placed one on top of the groundhog's head, Again, not a move.[2024·四川高考，完形]
答案：v. 放置 n. 移動
5．Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
negativity: ________
答案：n. 消極性
6．Several years ago I received a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder,_almost always bothered by things.[2024·福建高考，完形]
world-class: ________
fault-finder: ________
答案：adj. 世界級的，國際水平的 n. 挑剔的人
7．When it comes to insect pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone's list.
top: ________
答案：vt. 居……之首，為……之冠
8．First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion.
voice: ________
答案：vt. 用語言表達，說出
9．Yes, I was blessed; it wasn't a material one, but the kind that will warm my heart forever.
warm: ________.
答案：vt. 使溫暖
10．Suddenly she felt tears flooded her eyes.
flood: ________
答案：vt. 大量涌入
專題技能突破(47) 詞匯之合成、轉化
【技能講解】 合成法——兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞的方法；轉化法——不改變詞形，把一個詞由一種詞性轉用為另一種詞性的方法。典例剖析1．合成
通過原來認識的詞可以推測出新合成的詞的意思，如：
teamwork 合作， underground 地鐵，
father-in-law 岳父， updated 最新的，
ill-mannered 不禮貌的，
two-faced 兩面派的，
iron-willed 有鋼鐵意志的，
airconditioner 空調，
alarm clock 鬧鐘，
bookmark 書簽，
generation gap 代溝，
bank account 銀行賬戶，
baby-sitter 看孩子的人。
2．轉化
不改變詞形，但改變詞性，轉化后的詞意可能與原詞義相關也可能不相關，需要有意地識記。如：
look v.→n. ＝ have a book
survey v. →n. ＝make a survey
walk v. →n. ＝take a walk
visit v. →n. ＝pay a visit
button n.→v. 扣鈕扣
book n.→v. 預訂
seat n.→v. 容納
back n.→v. 支持
slow adj. →v. 減慢
warm adj. →v. 使溫暖/暖和
narrow adj. →v. 縮小
private adj. →n. 士兵
plant v. →n. 工廠，植物
技能演練In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.[2024·浙江高考，C篇]
答案：v. 使成為空的，把……弄空 v. 反射，反映
2．Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. [2024·安徽高考，E篇]
togetherness: ________
答案：n. 團結和睦
3．Surround yourself with people who uplift,_encourage and understand you! Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering！[2024.福建高考，E篇]
答案：v. 使上升，振作 adj. 使有能力的，給予力量的
4．So one day, just to see what she would do, I gently placed one on top of the groundhog's head, Again, not a move.[2024·四川高考，完形]
答案：v. 放置 n. 移動
5．Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.
negativity: ________
答案：n. 消極性
6．Several years ago I received a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder,_almost always bothered by things.[2024·福建高考，完形]
world-class: ________
fault-finder: ________
答案：adj. 世界級的，國際水平的 n. 挑剔的人
7．When it comes to insect pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone's list.
top: ________
答案：vt. 居……之首，為……之冠
8．First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion.
voice: ________
答案：vt. 用語言表達，說出
9．Yes, I was blessed; it wasn't a material one, but the kind that will warm my heart forever.
warm: ________.
答案：vt. 使溫暖
10．Suddenly she felt tears flooded her eyes.
flood: ________
答案：vt. 大量涌入
