高三英語復(fù)習(xí):歷年高考非謂語動(dòng)詞匯總1
1.(2023全國Ⅱ,5)I got to the office earlier that day, ________ the 7:30 train from Paddington.
A.caught B.to have caught
C.to catch D.having caught
答案:D 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:那天我早早地到了辦公室,因?yàn)橼s上了來自Paddington 7:30的火車。I與catch之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,排除A項(xiàng);動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語,句子間通常不用逗號(hào)隔開,故排除B、C兩項(xiàng);D項(xiàng)分詞的完成式在此作原因狀語。
2.(2023山東,25)The room is empty except for a book shelf ________ in one corner.
A.standing B.to stand
C.stands D.stood
答案:A 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:除了站立在一個(gè)角落的書架之外,這個(gè)屋子是空的。此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,與所修飾的詞bookshelf之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
3.(2023山東,33)________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.
A.Having eaten B.To eat
C.Eat D.Eating
答案:A 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:Tina以前去過這家餐廳,她不想再到那兒吃飯。此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞before可知,此處表示以前的動(dòng)作,而且與句子的主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。
4.(2023江蘇,24)Lionel Messi, ________ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A.set B.setting
C.to set D.having set
答案:D 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:Lionel Messi創(chuàng)造了一年內(nèi)進(jìn)球最多的紀(jì)錄,被認(rèn)為是歐洲最有才能的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。創(chuàng)造了一年內(nèi)進(jìn)球最多的紀(jì)錄在句子中作狀語,Lionel Messi與set之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語;又狀語動(dòng)作set在謂語動(dòng)作consider之前發(fā)生,所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。故選D項(xiàng)。
5.(2023江蘇,31)Shortly after suffering fro m a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look.
A.reducing B.reduced
C.being reduced D.having reduced
答案:C 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:遭受了大規(guī)模地震成為一片廢墟之后不久,這個(gè)城市呈現(xiàn)了新的面貌。分析句子成分,shortly after ...為時(shí)間狀語,由suffering可以看出after為介詞,其后由and連接兩個(gè)并列賓語,故reduce應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式作after的賓語。又reduce作使淪為,使陷入(不好的境地)之意時(shí),是及物動(dòng)詞,與修飾詞the city之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。故選C項(xiàng)。
6.(2011江西卷,32)On receiving a phone call from his wife ________ she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
A.says B.said
C.saying D.to say
答案:C 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:一接到妻子的電話,說她摔倒了,戈登先生馬上從辦公室沖回了家。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,修飾call,且與call之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示與動(dòng)詞receive同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
7.(2023遼寧,28)Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home, there was a pile of mail ________ for her.
A.waited B.to wait
C.waiting D.was waiting
答案:C 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:勞拉去巴黎呆了一周多。她回到家時(shí),有一大堆信件等著她。a pile of mail與wait之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,表示主動(dòng)。
8.(2023福建,22)________ basic first?aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A.KnownB.Having known
C.KnowingD.Being known
答案:C 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。Knowing basic first?aid techniques 為動(dòng)名詞短語,在句中充當(dāng)主語。
9.(2023天津,10)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words ________ in daily conversations.
A.using B.to use
C.having used D.used
答案:D 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。題意:在一些語言中,100個(gè)單詞占據(jù)了日常對(duì)話中所使用的單詞中的一半。words后用非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,words與use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作定語,故選D項(xiàng)。
10.(2023陜西,14)The witnesses ________ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A.questioned B.being questioned
C.to be questioned D.having questioned
答案:A 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:被詢問的目擊者們剛才對(duì)打架給出了不同的描述。分析句子成分可知question作the witnesses的定語,兩者之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,又目擊者是被詢問過的;作定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞中,既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成意義的,要用過去分詞形式。故選A項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)表示正在被詢問,C項(xiàng)表示將要被詢問,D項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)完成,皆不合題意。
11.(2023湖南,25)The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.
A.bathedB.bathing
C.to have bathedD.have bathed
答案:B 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意:太陽升起來了,整個(gè)山沐浴在霞光里。太陽升起時(shí),bathe the mountain in golden light這一動(dòng)作伴隨發(fā)生,The sun與bathe之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且句子兩部分之間沒有連詞,所填內(nèi)容為非謂語,故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。
12.(2023湖南,29)You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.
A.offeringB.to offer
C.having offeredD.offered
答案:D 考查過去分詞短語作后置定語。句意:你無法接受任何觀點(diǎn),除非它以事實(shí)為基礎(chǔ)。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知,opinion需要定語,且offer與opinion之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞短語作后置定語。
13.(2023湖南,31)________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.
A.StayingB.Stayed
C.To stayD.Stay
答案:C 考查不定式作目的狀語。句意:為了保暖,我把火爐添好柴,然后把鬧鐘調(diào)在子夜以便能再添柴。表目的時(shí),非謂語用不定式形式。
14.(2023北京,21)Volunteering gives you a chance ________ lives, including your own.
A.change B.changing
C.changed D.to change
答案:D 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:志愿者工作給了你改變生活的機(jī)會(huì),包括你自己的。a chance to do sth. 干某事的機(jī)會(huì),chance后接動(dòng)詞不定式不接現(xiàn)在分詞或者過去分詞作定語,所以答案為D。
15.(2023北京,24)________ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
A.Find B.Finding
C.To find D.Found
答案:B 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。發(fā)現(xiàn)這門課程很難,他決定轉(zhuǎn)向低一點(diǎn)層次的。本句主語為she,與find之間為主謂關(guān)系,故要用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,故正確答案為B項(xiàng)。考生可能會(huì)受思維定勢的影響 , 選C項(xiàng),理解成動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。由語境可知,此處不是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)這課程很難,故可以判斷這不正確。
16.(2023北京,29)When we saw the road ________ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A.block B.to block
C.blocking D.blocked
答案:D 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)我們看到道路 被大雪堵住的時(shí)候,我們決定在家度假。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是see+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu);賓補(bǔ)是do,表示看見賓語做某事的過程;賓補(bǔ)是doing,指看見賓語正在做某事;若賓語與賓補(bǔ)之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,則要用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處賓語the road與block之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用blocked作賓補(bǔ),故正確答案為D。
17.(2023四川,8)________ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A.Not knowing B.Knowing not
C.Not known D.Known not
答案:A 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。本題中know與其邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系為主謂關(guān)系,not 否定分詞時(shí)要放于其前面,故選A項(xiàng)。
18.(2023四川,10)The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
A.being completed B.to be completed
C.completed D.having been completed
答案:B 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。complete與airport之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系而且根據(jù)next year可知?jiǎng)幼魃形窗l(fā)生,故選B項(xiàng)。
19.(2023重慶,30)When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ________ me stories till I fell asleep.
A.having told B.telling
C.told D.to tell
答案:B 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:我小時(shí)候,我媽媽經(jīng)常坐在我的床邊,給我講故事一直講到我睡著。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是分詞作狀語;主語my mother,與tell之間為主謂關(guān)系,并且此處是伴隨關(guān)系,要用doing的一般式作狀語,B項(xiàng)正確。
20.(2023浙江,8)I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or ________ his job.
A.quits B.to quit
C.quitting D.quit
答案:D 本題考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:我認(rèn)為,湯姆作為一個(gè)大公司的經(jīng)理,要么正常學(xué)習(xí),要么辭職。either...or...連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語動(dòng)詞,且都在should 之后,故用動(dòng)詞原形。
21.(2023陜西,22)If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ________ an even greater challenge.
A. meets B. meeting
C. meet D. to meet
答案:D 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意; 如果他承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)工作,他將別無選擇只有面對(duì)更大的挑戰(zhàn)。本題考查介詞but后的非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。當(dāng)but前的動(dòng)詞是do/did/does時(shí),but 后接不帶to的不定式;當(dāng)but前的是其他動(dòng)詞時(shí),but 后接帶to 的不定式。故D項(xiàng)正確。
22.(2023北京,27)________ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use B. Using
C. Used D. To use
答案:C 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語。句意:小心使用,一桶能持續(xù)六周。use與one tin之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞。using表主動(dòng),to use表目的,use為謂語動(dòng)詞,故排除。
23.(2011天津,12)______into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
A.TranslatingB.Translated
C.To translate D.Having translated
答案:B 本題考查動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式作狀語。句子主語the sentence與 translate之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞形式表示被動(dòng)意義,A、C、D三項(xiàng)均表示主動(dòng)意義。句意:被翻譯成英語后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子的順序完全不一樣了。
24.(2011浙江卷,3)Bats are surprisingly long?lived creatures, some ________ a life span of around 20 years.
A.having B.had
C.have D.to have
答案:A 考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:蝙蝠是一種令人吃驚的長壽生物,有些有大約20年的壽命。逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)簡單句,兩部分之間沒有連詞過渡,所以空白處需采用非謂語形式,排除C項(xiàng);且與其邏輯主語some存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系,排除B項(xiàng);另外該動(dòng)作描述事實(shí)的存在現(xiàn)象,故排除D項(xiàng),選擇A項(xiàng)。 1.(2023全國Ⅱ,5)I got to the office earlier that day, ________ the 7:30 train from Paddington.
A.caught B.to have caught
C.to catch D.having caught
答案:D 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:那天我早早地到了辦公室,因?yàn)橼s上了來自Paddington 7:30的火車。I與catch之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,排除A項(xiàng);動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語,句子間通常不用逗號(hào)隔開,故排除B、C兩項(xiàng);D項(xiàng)分詞的完成式在此作原因狀語。
2.(2023山東,25)The room is empty except for a book shelf ________ in one corner.
A.standing B.to stand
C.stands D.stood
答案:A 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:除了站立在一個(gè)角落的書架之外,這個(gè)屋子是空的。此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,與所修飾的詞bookshelf之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
3.(2023山東,33)________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.
A.Having eaten B.To eat
C.Eat D.Eating
答案:A 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:Tina以前去過這家餐廳,她不想再到那兒吃飯。此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞before可知,此處表示以前的動(dòng)作,而且與句子的主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)。
4.(2023江蘇,24)Lionel Messi, ________ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.
A.set B.setting
C.to set D.having set
答案:D 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:Lionel Messi創(chuàng)造了一年內(nèi)進(jìn)球最多的紀(jì)錄,被認(rèn)為是歐洲最有才能的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。創(chuàng)造了一年內(nèi)進(jìn)球最多的紀(jì)錄在句子中作狀語,Lionel Messi與set之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語;又狀語動(dòng)作set在謂語動(dòng)作consider之前發(fā)生,所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。故選D項(xiàng)。
5.(2023江蘇,31)Shortly after suffering fro m a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look.
A.reducing B.reduced
C.being reduced D.having reduced
答案:C 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:遭受了大規(guī)模地震成為一片廢墟之后不久,這個(gè)城市呈現(xiàn)了新的面貌。分析句子成分,shortly after ...為時(shí)間狀語,由suffering可以看出after為介詞,其后由and連接兩個(gè)并列賓語,故reduce應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式作after的賓語。又reduce作使淪為,使陷入(不好的境地)之意時(shí),是及物動(dòng)詞,與修飾詞the city之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。故選C項(xiàng)。
6.(2011江西卷,32)On receiving a phone call from his wife ________ she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.
A.says B.said
C.saying D.to say
答案:C 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:一接到妻子的電話,說她摔倒了,戈登先生馬上從辦公室沖回了家。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,修飾call,且與call之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示與動(dòng)詞receive同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
7.(2023遼寧,28)Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home, there was a pile of mail ________ for her.
A.waited B.to wait
C.waiting D.was waiting
答案:C 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:勞拉去巴黎呆了一周多。她回到家時(shí),有一大堆信件等著她。a pile of mail與wait之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,表示主動(dòng)。
8.(2023福建,22)________ basic first?aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A.KnownB.Having known
C.KnowingD.Being known
答案:C 本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。Knowing basic first?aid techniques 為動(dòng)名詞短語,在句中充當(dāng)主語。
9.(2023天津,10)In some languages,100 words make up half of all words ________ in daily conversations.